SAT Math Formula Sheet
Key formulas commonly needed for the SAT Math section
Algebra
Slope: m = (y2 − y1) / (x2 − x1)
Slope■intercept form: y = mx + b
Point■slope form: y − y1 = m(x − x1)
Quadratic formula: x = (−b ± √(b² − 4ac)) / (2a)
Difference of squares: a² − b² = (a − b)(a + b)
Geometry
Triangle area: A = 1/2 bh
Pythagorean theorem: a² + b² = c²
Rectangle area: A = lw
Circle area: A = πr²
Circle circumference: C = 2πr
Coordinate Geometry
Distance formula: √((x2 − x1)² + (y2 − y1)²)
Midpoint formula: ((x1 + x2)/2 , (y1 + y2)/2)
Statistics & Probability
Mean (average): sum of values / number of values
Probability: favorable outcomes / total outcomes
Exponents & Radicals
a^m · a^n = a^(m+n)
(a^m)^n = a^(mn)
a^−n = 1 / a^n
Key formulas commonly needed for the SAT Math section
Algebra
Slope: m = (y2 − y1) / (x2 − x1)
Slope■intercept form: y = mx + b
Point■slope form: y − y1 = m(x − x1)
Quadratic formula: x = (−b ± √(b² − 4ac)) / (2a)
Difference of squares: a² − b² = (a − b)(a + b)
Geometry
Triangle area: A = 1/2 bh
Pythagorean theorem: a² + b² = c²
Rectangle area: A = lw
Circle area: A = πr²
Circle circumference: C = 2πr
Coordinate Geometry
Distance formula: √((x2 − x1)² + (y2 − y1)²)
Midpoint formula: ((x1 + x2)/2 , (y1 + y2)/2)
Statistics & Probability
Mean (average): sum of values / number of values
Probability: favorable outcomes / total outcomes
Exponents & Radicals
a^m · a^n = a^(m+n)
(a^m)^n = a^(mn)
a^−n = 1 / a^n
