SPIEKBRIEFJE TOXICOLOGIE TENTAMEN
Spiekbriefje bevat alle onderdelen!
Gebaseerd op hoorcolleges, kennisclips, werkcolleges en oefen
tentamen dus volledig!
[Inclusief overzichten, toxische mechanisme, belangrijkste orgaan
componenten, belangrijkste definities zie voorbeeld]
→ kan uitgeprint worden zonder verlies van tekst door juiste marges
→ alle informatie overzichtelijk en logisch gestructureerd
→ Lettertype 8 – prima leesbaar
→ rand van 1cm rondom over voor eventuele eigen aanvulling
TOXICOKINETICS (ADME) TOXICODYNAMICS (interaction)
Tissue/organ specificity Tissue specific: Pro-urine proteins
- active uptake via specific transporters - receptor or TF expression 1. high molecular weight = glomerulus
- local metabolism rates - macromolecule binding (protein) 2. low molecular weight = tubulus
Exposure route/time/frequency - deficiencies in repair/detox [hypoxia, radicals, obstruction, leakage]
Chemical properties - adduct formation
DEFENSE MECHANISMS (repair vs. adaptation) Ion-disbalance
1. reactive species scavengers – antioxidants = specific transporter or leakage
2. phase II metabolism – enhances excretion
3. gene regulation and apoptosis High blood creatine
4. reduced delivery (transporter) vs. enhanced clearance (biotransformation) = glomerular damage for ↓GFR
5. barriers (epithelium) and compensation
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION – ATP SYNTHESIS ADVERSE OUTCOMPE PATHWAY (AOP)
ATP depletion death-triangle ▪ MIE: molecular initiating event
= Ca2+ influx for enzyme activation + uncoupling ▪ KE(R): key event relationships [organization levels – thresholds for relevance]
= ROS instead of H2O/ATP from electrons → quantitative: mathematical coupling of events to extrapolate alterations
= apoptosis via caspases (needs ATP) = improved outcome predictions, more data for risk assessment, lower cost]
= necrosis and inflammation = no time dynamics, biological variability, mixture effects, exposure/recovery/ADME]
Spiekbriefje bevat alle onderdelen!
Gebaseerd op hoorcolleges, kennisclips, werkcolleges en oefen
tentamen dus volledig!
[Inclusief overzichten, toxische mechanisme, belangrijkste orgaan
componenten, belangrijkste definities zie voorbeeld]
→ kan uitgeprint worden zonder verlies van tekst door juiste marges
→ alle informatie overzichtelijk en logisch gestructureerd
→ Lettertype 8 – prima leesbaar
→ rand van 1cm rondom over voor eventuele eigen aanvulling
TOXICOKINETICS (ADME) TOXICODYNAMICS (interaction)
Tissue/organ specificity Tissue specific: Pro-urine proteins
- active uptake via specific transporters - receptor or TF expression 1. high molecular weight = glomerulus
- local metabolism rates - macromolecule binding (protein) 2. low molecular weight = tubulus
Exposure route/time/frequency - deficiencies in repair/detox [hypoxia, radicals, obstruction, leakage]
Chemical properties - adduct formation
DEFENSE MECHANISMS (repair vs. adaptation) Ion-disbalance
1. reactive species scavengers – antioxidants = specific transporter or leakage
2. phase II metabolism – enhances excretion
3. gene regulation and apoptosis High blood creatine
4. reduced delivery (transporter) vs. enhanced clearance (biotransformation) = glomerular damage for ↓GFR
5. barriers (epithelium) and compensation
OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION – ATP SYNTHESIS ADVERSE OUTCOMPE PATHWAY (AOP)
ATP depletion death-triangle ▪ MIE: molecular initiating event
= Ca2+ influx for enzyme activation + uncoupling ▪ KE(R): key event relationships [organization levels – thresholds for relevance]
= ROS instead of H2O/ATP from electrons → quantitative: mathematical coupling of events to extrapolate alterations
= apoptosis via caspases (needs ATP) = improved outcome predictions, more data for risk assessment, lower cost]
= necrosis and inflammation = no time dynamics, biological variability, mixture effects, exposure/recovery/ADME]
