EAPS 105 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
Q $A 2026 INSTANTANT DOWNOAD PDF
1. Which layer of the Earth is composed primarily of liquid iron and nickel?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Outer core
D. Inner core
Rationale: The outer core is liquid iron and nickel, responsible for Earth’s magnetic field.
2. The process by which rocks break down due to chemical reactions with water and air is
called:
A. Physical weathering
B. Chemical weathering
C. Erosion
D. Sedimentation
Rationale: Chemical weathering involves breaking down minerals through chemical reactions,
often forming new minerals.
3. Which type of plate boundary is characterized by plates moving apart?
A. Convergent
B. Divergent
C. Transform
D. Subduction
Rationale: Divergent boundaries occur where tectonic plates move away from each other,
creating new crust.
,4. The majority of Earth’s water is found in:
A. Rivers
B. Oceans
C. Lakes
D. Groundwater
Rationale: About 97% of Earth’s water is contained in oceans.
5. Which sphere of the Earth includes all living organisms?
A. Lithosphere
B. Hydrosphere
C. Biosphere
D. Atmosphere
Rationale: The biosphere encompasses all living organisms on Earth.
6. What is the main driver of the Earth’s climate system?
A. Plate tectonics
B. Solar energy
C. Ocean currents
D. Earthquakes
Rationale: Solar radiation drives atmospheric and oceanic circulation, influencing climate.
7. Which type of rock forms from cooling and solidification of magma?
A. Igneous
B. Sedimentary
C. Metamorphic
D. Fossiliferous
Rationale: Igneous rocks originate from cooled magma or lava.
8. The movement of sediment by wind, water, or ice is called:
A. Weathering
B. Erosion
C. Deposition
D. Compaction
Rationale: Erosion involves transporting materials away from their source.
9. Which gas makes up the largest percentage of Earth’s atmosphere?
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
, C. Carbon dioxide
D. Argon
Rationale: Nitrogen accounts for approximately 78% of the atmosphere.
10. The point inside the Earth where an earthquake originates is called:
A. Epicenter
B. Hypocenter/Focus
C. Fault line
D. Seismic zone
Rationale: The focus or hypocenter is the initial rupture point within the Earth.
11. Which process describes the cycling of water between oceans, atmosphere, and land?
A. Carbon cycle
B. Nitrogen cycle
C. Water cycle
D. Rock cycle
Rationale: The water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
12. Continental crust is primarily composed of:
A. Basalt
B. Granite
C. Peridotite
D. Sandstone
Rationale: Continental crust is mostly granitic in composition, less dense than oceanic crust.
13. Which layer of the Earth is solid and consists mainly of iron and nickel?
A. Outer core
B. Inner core
C. Mantle
D. Crust
Rationale: The inner core is solid due to immense pressure, despite high temperatures.
14. What type of volcano is characterized by broad, gentle slopes and low-viscosity lava?
A. Stratovolcano
B. Shield volcano
C. Cinder cone
D. Lava dome
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES
Q $A 2026 INSTANTANT DOWNOAD PDF
1. Which layer of the Earth is composed primarily of liquid iron and nickel?
A. Crust
B. Mantle
C. Outer core
D. Inner core
Rationale: The outer core is liquid iron and nickel, responsible for Earth’s magnetic field.
2. The process by which rocks break down due to chemical reactions with water and air is
called:
A. Physical weathering
B. Chemical weathering
C. Erosion
D. Sedimentation
Rationale: Chemical weathering involves breaking down minerals through chemical reactions,
often forming new minerals.
3. Which type of plate boundary is characterized by plates moving apart?
A. Convergent
B. Divergent
C. Transform
D. Subduction
Rationale: Divergent boundaries occur where tectonic plates move away from each other,
creating new crust.
,4. The majority of Earth’s water is found in:
A. Rivers
B. Oceans
C. Lakes
D. Groundwater
Rationale: About 97% of Earth’s water is contained in oceans.
5. Which sphere of the Earth includes all living organisms?
A. Lithosphere
B. Hydrosphere
C. Biosphere
D. Atmosphere
Rationale: The biosphere encompasses all living organisms on Earth.
6. What is the main driver of the Earth’s climate system?
A. Plate tectonics
B. Solar energy
C. Ocean currents
D. Earthquakes
Rationale: Solar radiation drives atmospheric and oceanic circulation, influencing climate.
7. Which type of rock forms from cooling and solidification of magma?
A. Igneous
B. Sedimentary
C. Metamorphic
D. Fossiliferous
Rationale: Igneous rocks originate from cooled magma or lava.
8. The movement of sediment by wind, water, or ice is called:
A. Weathering
B. Erosion
C. Deposition
D. Compaction
Rationale: Erosion involves transporting materials away from their source.
9. Which gas makes up the largest percentage of Earth’s atmosphere?
A. Oxygen
B. Nitrogen
, C. Carbon dioxide
D. Argon
Rationale: Nitrogen accounts for approximately 78% of the atmosphere.
10. The point inside the Earth where an earthquake originates is called:
A. Epicenter
B. Hypocenter/Focus
C. Fault line
D. Seismic zone
Rationale: The focus or hypocenter is the initial rupture point within the Earth.
11. Which process describes the cycling of water between oceans, atmosphere, and land?
A. Carbon cycle
B. Nitrogen cycle
C. Water cycle
D. Rock cycle
Rationale: The water cycle involves evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff.
12. Continental crust is primarily composed of:
A. Basalt
B. Granite
C. Peridotite
D. Sandstone
Rationale: Continental crust is mostly granitic in composition, less dense than oceanic crust.
13. Which layer of the Earth is solid and consists mainly of iron and nickel?
A. Outer core
B. Inner core
C. Mantle
D. Crust
Rationale: The inner core is solid due to immense pressure, despite high temperatures.
14. What type of volcano is characterized by broad, gentle slopes and low-viscosity lava?
A. Stratovolcano
B. Shield volcano
C. Cinder cone
D. Lava dome
