BSC 101 Exam 1Complete Questions With Explanations Of Answers Graded A+

1. Observe 2. Question (prediction & hypothesis) 3. Experiment (independent variable, dependent variable, control, data) 4. Evaluate hypothesis 5. Draw conclusions - Correct Answers What is the order of the scientific method myth good- scientists test ideas with evidence bad- oversimplified, implies one experiment can answer a research question, not linear, implies science is an independent effort, no creativity/imagination, ignores technology and society - Correct Answers Good and bad about the scientific method myth gathering data and interpreting data - Correct Answers Testing ideas circular, linear - Correct AnswersScience is more ______ than _______ making observations, asking questions, sharing data and ideas, finding inspiration, exploring the literature *communication is key* - Correct AnswersExploration and discovery open minded - Correct AnswersFor testing ideas, you must be ______ ______ a proposed explanation for a narrow set of phenomena, the "why" behind a prediction, not guesses, only relevant to a single study - Correct AnswersHypothesis an explanation that can be used to explain a broad set of phenomena, ALWAYS have evidence, no contradictory evidence, predictive, inclusive- encompass many smaller hypotheses, provide conceptual framework - Correct AnswersTheory there's always series of experiments that always circles back to the same question - Correct Answersscience is iterative hypotheses are reasoned and informed explanations - Correct Answerscorrection of hypotheses are just guesses theories are broad explanations. they are supported by many lines of evidence - Correct Answerscorrection of theories are just hunches hypotheses, theories, and laws differ in breadth and the kind of explanation they provide - Correct Answerscorrection of if evidence supports a hypothesis, it is upgraded to a theory. if the theory then garners even more support, it is upgraded to a law 1. critics and fact-checkers (before a scientific article becomes published) 2. collaborative generation of new ideas 3. watchdogs for bias and fraud 4. mutual motivation (help motivate each other) - Correct Answersroles of the scientific community evolution of natural selection, climate change - Correct Answersexamples of theories observations about the world around us - Correct Answersfacts a statement based on repeated experimental observations that describes some phenomenon of nature, ex- gravity - Correct Answerslaws ensures the accuracy of scientific information, feedback and peer review, coming up with new questions/ideas, discussion with colleagues - Correct Answerscommunity analysis and feedback hypothesis/theory---expected results/observations = or /= actual results/observations - Correct Answersthe structure of scientific arguments - ideas are subjected to scrutiny -honesty and integrity in reporting findings -attribution: giving credit where it belongs -ethics - Correct Answersculture of science develop new technology, build knowledge, address societal issues, inform policy*, satisfy curiosity, solve everyday problems - Correct Answersbenefits and outcomes what someone thinks will happen - Correct Answersprediction 1. have organized structures made up of at least one cell 2. respond to stimuli 3. reproduce 4. evolve through adaptation by natural selection 5. grow and develop 6. maintain homeostasis 7. process energy - Correct Answerswhat properties of life do all living things share? (7) the study of life - Correct Answersbiology an individual made up of cells - Correct Answersorganism group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding and producing viable, fertile offspring - Correct Answersspecies group of individuals with the same species all living in the same place - Correct Answerspopulation 1. domain (dear) 2. kingdom (king) 3. phylum (phillip) 4. class (came) 5. order (over) 6. family (for) 7. genius (good) 8. species (spaghetti) - Correct Answersbiological organization levels bacteria, archaea, eukarya - Correct Answershierarchical classification system (3 domains of life) contains organisms that have cells with nuclei - Correct Answerseukarya single-celled organisms without nuclei and include many extremophiles (organisms that like to live in extreme conditions), harsh environments such as hot springs - Correct Answersarchaea (prokaryote) no nuclei, single-celled organisms - Correct Answersbacteria (prokaryote) permanent - Correct Answersthe phylogenetic tree classifications are NOT ___________ -prokaryote -have a cell membrane, cell wall, but no nucleus -instead there's a region where the DNA is which is called the nucleoid region -small dots where the ribosomes are which are not made up of organelles, rather made up of protein -the ribosomes are responsible for reading genetic code and producing protein -archaea lives in extremophile environments such as hot springs (yellow stone national park) - Correct Answersdomain archaea -looks similar to domain archaea, both prokaryotic -no nucleus, only nuclei region and ribosomes -we come in more contact with bacteria than archaea, very common pathogens for us -also common symbiotically to us which means a lot of bacteria is living on our skin and inside of us which benefits us - Correct Answersdomain bacteria 1. spheres, often called cocci- the bacteria found in strep throat 2. rod shaped- bacilli 3. spiral- sparilla - Correct Answers3 shapes of domain bacteria -HAVE nucleus -membrane bound organelles in addition to ribosomes -"protists": group that doesn't reflect evolution relatedness, not an official classification -much diversity, some much like fungi, some like plants, some like animals - Correct Answersdomain eukarya "protists" -prokaryote: microscopic, single-celled organism that has no nucleus or organelles -eukaryotes: an organism consisting of cells that has a nucleus - Correct Answersprokaryotes vs. eukaryotes -heterotrophic: they get food from a different source rather than feeding on themselves by secreting their insides out to their environments where digestive action takes place and then they absorb those results of those nutrients being broken down in their environment then absorb those smaller molecules back into their bodies -the fungi has a cell wall made up of chitin -example: mushrooms and yeast - Correct Answersdomain eukarya- kingdom fungi -autotrophic: make their own food through photosynthesis -plant cells walls are made up of cellulos -example- moss, fern, flowering plants (most dominant form) - Correct Answersdomain eukarya- kingdom plantae *where humans fall under* -multicellular -heterotrophic -no cell walls -multicellular -example: worms, insects, fish, mammals - Correct Answersdomain eurkarya- kingdom animalia -these organelles were once prokaryotes (proto-eukaryote) -begins with infoldings of the plasma membrane which created bubbles of the membrane united to form the nucleus -then the ancestral eukaryote engulfed aerobic bacterium that evolved into mitochondria and decided to live in the proto-eukaryote -then a photosynthetic bacteria was engulfed which then evolved into the modern day chloroplasts - Correct Answershow did eukarya come about? (endosymbiotic theory) 1. membranes 2. DNA 3. reproduction -bacteria and mitochondrion both have cell membranes and DNA -they both multiply by splitting in half (reproduction) - Correct Answerssupporting evidence of the endosymbiotic theory