RESPIRATORY CARE SCIENCE FINAL (TEST 1,2,3)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES Q&A |INSTANT
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1. What is the normal range for arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂)
in a healthy adult?
A. 40–60 mmHg
B. 60–80 mmHg
C. 80–100 mmHg
D. 100–120 mmHg
Answer: C
Rationale: Normal PaO₂ for adults at sea level is typically 80–
100 mmHg, indicating adequate oxygenation.
2. Which of the following are indications for oxygen therapy?
A. PaO₂ < 60 mmHg
B. SpO₂ < 90%
C. Acute myocardial infarction with hypoxemia
D. Chronic hypercapnia with stable SpO₂
Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Oxygen therapy is indicated in hypoxemia (PaO₂ < 60
mmHg, SpO₂ < 90%) and during acute events like MI. Chronic
stable hypercapnia alone is not an absolute indication.
,3. What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs?
A. Facilitate gas exchange
B. Reduce alveolar surface tension
C. Stimulate alveolar macrophages
D. Increase airway resistance
Answer: B
Rationale: Surfactant lowers surface tension, preventing
alveolar collapse during exhalation and aiding in lung
compliance.
4. Which of the following are common causes of hypoxemic
respiratory failure?
A. Pneumonia
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. COPD exacerbation
D. Hypoventilation
Answer: A, B
Rationale: Hypoxemic (Type I) respiratory failure is caused by
impaired oxygenation (V/Q mismatch, shunt, diffusion defects),
while COPD exacerbations often cause hypercapnic (Type II)
failure.
5. A patient on mechanical ventilation has a peak inspiratory
pressure (PIP) of 45 cmH₂O. What is the most likely cause?
,A. Increased airway resistance
B. Decreased lung compliance
C. Leak in the ventilator circuit
D. Normal ventilatory function
Answer: A, B
Rationale: High PIP can result from either airway resistance
(e.g., bronchospasm, secretions) or decreased lung compliance
(e.g., ARDS, pulmonary edema). Leaks usually cause low
pressures.
6. Which of the following statements about the alveolar gas
equation is correct?
A. It estimates PaO₂ based on FiO₂ and PaCO₂
B. It measures lung compliance directly
C. It calculates oxygen consumption
D. It predicts CO₂ retention
Answer: A
Rationale: The alveolar gas equation predicts alveolar oxygen
tension and helps assess hypoxemia.
7. Which ventilator mode provides full control of tidal volume
and respiratory rate?
A. SIMV
B. Pressure Support
, C. Assist-Control (AC)
D. CPAP
Answer: C
Rationale: AC mode delivers a set tidal volume with every
breath, whether triggered by the patient or ventilator.
8. The most appropriate device to deliver high FiO₂ for a
spontaneously breathing patient is:
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. Venturi mask
Answer: C
Rationale: Non-rebreather masks can deliver near 100%
oxygen, suitable for patients needing high FiO₂.
9. Common complications of positive pressure ventilation
include:
A. Barotrauma
B. Volutrauma
C. Hypotension
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Positive pressure can overdistend alveoli
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALES Q&A |INSTANT
DOWNLOAD PDF
1. What is the normal range for arterial oxygen tension (PaO₂)
in a healthy adult?
A. 40–60 mmHg
B. 60–80 mmHg
C. 80–100 mmHg
D. 100–120 mmHg
Answer: C
Rationale: Normal PaO₂ for adults at sea level is typically 80–
100 mmHg, indicating adequate oxygenation.
2. Which of the following are indications for oxygen therapy?
A. PaO₂ < 60 mmHg
B. SpO₂ < 90%
C. Acute myocardial infarction with hypoxemia
D. Chronic hypercapnia with stable SpO₂
Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Oxygen therapy is indicated in hypoxemia (PaO₂ < 60
mmHg, SpO₂ < 90%) and during acute events like MI. Chronic
stable hypercapnia alone is not an absolute indication.
,3. What is the primary function of surfactant in the lungs?
A. Facilitate gas exchange
B. Reduce alveolar surface tension
C. Stimulate alveolar macrophages
D. Increase airway resistance
Answer: B
Rationale: Surfactant lowers surface tension, preventing
alveolar collapse during exhalation and aiding in lung
compliance.
4. Which of the following are common causes of hypoxemic
respiratory failure?
A. Pneumonia
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. COPD exacerbation
D. Hypoventilation
Answer: A, B
Rationale: Hypoxemic (Type I) respiratory failure is caused by
impaired oxygenation (V/Q mismatch, shunt, diffusion defects),
while COPD exacerbations often cause hypercapnic (Type II)
failure.
5. A patient on mechanical ventilation has a peak inspiratory
pressure (PIP) of 45 cmH₂O. What is the most likely cause?
,A. Increased airway resistance
B. Decreased lung compliance
C. Leak in the ventilator circuit
D. Normal ventilatory function
Answer: A, B
Rationale: High PIP can result from either airway resistance
(e.g., bronchospasm, secretions) or decreased lung compliance
(e.g., ARDS, pulmonary edema). Leaks usually cause low
pressures.
6. Which of the following statements about the alveolar gas
equation is correct?
A. It estimates PaO₂ based on FiO₂ and PaCO₂
B. It measures lung compliance directly
C. It calculates oxygen consumption
D. It predicts CO₂ retention
Answer: A
Rationale: The alveolar gas equation predicts alveolar oxygen
tension and helps assess hypoxemia.
7. Which ventilator mode provides full control of tidal volume
and respiratory rate?
A. SIMV
B. Pressure Support
, C. Assist-Control (AC)
D. CPAP
Answer: C
Rationale: AC mode delivers a set tidal volume with every
breath, whether triggered by the patient or ventilator.
8. The most appropriate device to deliver high FiO₂ for a
spontaneously breathing patient is:
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. Venturi mask
Answer: C
Rationale: Non-rebreather masks can deliver near 100%
oxygen, suitable for patients needing high FiO₂.
9. Common complications of positive pressure ventilation
include:
A. Barotrauma
B. Volutrauma
C. Hypotension
D. Hypoglycemia
Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Positive pressure can overdistend alveoli
