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NR 566 Week 4 Exam: Questions & Answers(
Update) Advanced Pharmacology - Care of the
Family | Chamberlain University
Table of Contents
Antifungal Drugs (Questions 1-25)
Antiviral Drugs (Questions 26-45)
HIV Pharmacotherapy (Questions 46-65)
Antihelmintic Drugs (Questions 66-75)
Urinary Tract Infections & Antiseptics (Questions 76-90)
Respiratory Infections & Pneumonia (Questions 91-105)
Glucocorticoids & Intranasal Agents (Questions 106-120)
Psychopharmacology (Questions 121-135)
Neurological Drugs (Questions 136-145)
Special Populations & Miscellaneous (Questions 146-150)
Antifungal Drugs
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1. A patient is diagnosed with systemic coccidioidomycosis. Which
antifungal agent is administered intravenously and binds to
ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane to increase permeability?
A. Fluconazole
B. Amphotericin B
C. Terbinafine
D. Griseofulvin
Answer: B
Rationale: Amphotericin B binds to components of the fungal
cell membrane (ergosterol), increasing permeability and
causing cell death. It is used for potentially life-threatening
systemic fungal infections but has significant toxicity .
2. Which statement best explains why amphotericin B must be
given intravenously for systemic mycoses?
A. It is rapidly metabolized by the liver when taken orally
B. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
C. It is inactivated by gastric acid
D. It causes severe esophageal irritation when swallowed
Answer: B
Rationale: Amphotericin B has minimal GI absorption, so oral
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dosing cannot achieve therapeutic plasma levels for systemic
mycoses, necessitating IV administration .
3. Which intervention most effectively reduces the risk of
amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity?
A. Premedicating with acetaminophen
B. Administering the drug by rapid IV bolus
C. Infusing 1 liter of normal saline on days of treatment
D. Giving a loop diuretic before each dose
Answer: C
Rationale: Hydration with 1 liter of saline on treatment days is
specifically recommended to minimize amphotericin B-
related kidney damage .
4. An older adult on multiple medications is started on
itraconazole. Which concurrent drug is specifically contraindicated
due to risk of fatal ventricular dysrhythmias?
A. Metoprolol
B. Warfarin
C. Cisapride
D. Hydrochlorothiazide
Answer: C
Rationale: Itraconazole is a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor and can
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markedly raise levels of cisapride, leading to fatal ventricular
dysrhythmias .
5. Azole antifungals like ketoconazole and itraconazole inhibit
which enzyme system, leading to numerous drug interactions?
A. Cyclooxygenase
B. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
C. DNA polymerase
D. RNA synthetase
Answer: B
Rationale: Azoles inhibit CYP450 enzymes, increasing levels of
many other drugs metabolized by this system .
6. Which adverse effect is associated with azole antifungal therapy
due to effects on cardiac ion channels?
A. Bradycardia
B. QT prolongation
C. Heart block
D. Torsades de pointes prevention
Answer: B
Rationale: Azole antifungals can lead to QT prolongation,
increasing the risk of serious cardiac arrhythmias .
NR 566 Week 4 Exam: Questions & Answers(
Update) Advanced Pharmacology - Care of the
Family | Chamberlain University
Table of Contents
Antifungal Drugs (Questions 1-25)
Antiviral Drugs (Questions 26-45)
HIV Pharmacotherapy (Questions 46-65)
Antihelmintic Drugs (Questions 66-75)
Urinary Tract Infections & Antiseptics (Questions 76-90)
Respiratory Infections & Pneumonia (Questions 91-105)
Glucocorticoids & Intranasal Agents (Questions 106-120)
Psychopharmacology (Questions 121-135)
Neurological Drugs (Questions 136-145)
Special Populations & Miscellaneous (Questions 146-150)
Antifungal Drugs
,2|Page
1. A patient is diagnosed with systemic coccidioidomycosis. Which
antifungal agent is administered intravenously and binds to
ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane to increase permeability?
A. Fluconazole
B. Amphotericin B
C. Terbinafine
D. Griseofulvin
Answer: B
Rationale: Amphotericin B binds to components of the fungal
cell membrane (ergosterol), increasing permeability and
causing cell death. It is used for potentially life-threatening
systemic fungal infections but has significant toxicity .
2. Which statement best explains why amphotericin B must be
given intravenously for systemic mycoses?
A. It is rapidly metabolized by the liver when taken orally
B. It is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract
C. It is inactivated by gastric acid
D. It causes severe esophageal irritation when swallowed
Answer: B
Rationale: Amphotericin B has minimal GI absorption, so oral
,3|Page
dosing cannot achieve therapeutic plasma levels for systemic
mycoses, necessitating IV administration .
3. Which intervention most effectively reduces the risk of
amphotericin B-induced nephrotoxicity?
A. Premedicating with acetaminophen
B. Administering the drug by rapid IV bolus
C. Infusing 1 liter of normal saline on days of treatment
D. Giving a loop diuretic before each dose
Answer: C
Rationale: Hydration with 1 liter of saline on treatment days is
specifically recommended to minimize amphotericin B-
related kidney damage .
4. An older adult on multiple medications is started on
itraconazole. Which concurrent drug is specifically contraindicated
due to risk of fatal ventricular dysrhythmias?
A. Metoprolol
B. Warfarin
C. Cisapride
D. Hydrochlorothiazide
Answer: C
Rationale: Itraconazole is a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor and can
, 4|Page
markedly raise levels of cisapride, leading to fatal ventricular
dysrhythmias .
5. Azole antifungals like ketoconazole and itraconazole inhibit
which enzyme system, leading to numerous drug interactions?
A. Cyclooxygenase
B. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450)
C. DNA polymerase
D. RNA synthetase
Answer: B
Rationale: Azoles inhibit CYP450 enzymes, increasing levels of
many other drugs metabolized by this system .
6. Which adverse effect is associated with azole antifungal therapy
due to effects on cardiac ion channels?
A. Bradycardia
B. QT prolongation
C. Heart block
D. Torsades de pointes prevention
Answer: B
Rationale: Azole antifungals can lead to QT prolongation,
increasing the risk of serious cardiac arrhythmias .
