, a LANGE medical book
SYMPTOM TO
DIAGNOSIS
An Evidence-Based Guide
Second Edition
Scott D. C. Stern, MD, FACP
Professor of Medicine
Co-Director, Junior Clerkship in Medicine
Clinical Director of Clinical Pathophysiology and Therapeutics
University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois
Adam S. Cifu, MD, FACP
Associate Professor of Medicine
Co-Director, Junior Clerkship in Medicine
University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois
Diane Altkorn, MD, FACP
Associate Professor of Medicine
Director, Senior Student Clerkships in Medicine
University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
,Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this
publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the
publisher.
ISBN: 978-0-07-178131-2
MHID: 0-07-178131-5
The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-149613-1,
MHID: 0-07-149613-0.
All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an
editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book,
they have been printed with initial caps.
McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a
representative please e-mail us at .
Notice
Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The
authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in
accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors
nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in
every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained
in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check
the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate
and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in
connection with new or infrequently used drugs.
TERMS OF USE
This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGrawHill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject
to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble,
reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it
without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your
right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms.
THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY,
ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN
BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill
and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or
error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for
any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall
McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability
to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever
whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise.
, In memory of Kim Michele Stern
Scott Stern
In memory of my father, Dr. Robert Cifu
Adam Cifu
In memory of my father, Robert Seidman
Diane Altkorn
SYMPTOM TO
DIAGNOSIS
An Evidence-Based Guide
Second Edition
Scott D. C. Stern, MD, FACP
Professor of Medicine
Co-Director, Junior Clerkship in Medicine
Clinical Director of Clinical Pathophysiology and Therapeutics
University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois
Adam S. Cifu, MD, FACP
Associate Professor of Medicine
Co-Director, Junior Clerkship in Medicine
University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois
Diane Altkorn, MD, FACP
Associate Professor of Medicine
Director, Senior Student Clerkships in Medicine
University of Chicago
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chicago, Illinois
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto
,Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this
publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the
publisher.
ISBN: 978-0-07-178131-2
MHID: 0-07-178131-5
The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-149613-1,
MHID: 0-07-149613-0.
All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an
editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book,
they have been printed with initial caps.
McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a
representative please e-mail us at .
Notice
Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy are required. The
authors and the publisher of this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally in
accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication. However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, neither the authors
nor the publisher nor any other party who has been involved in the preparation or publication of this work warrants that the information contained herein is in
every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results obtained from use of the information contained
in this work. Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers are advised to check
the product information sheet included in the package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the information contained in this work is accurate
and that changes have not been made in the recommended dose or in the contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of particular importance in
connection with new or infrequently used drugs.
TERMS OF USE
This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGrawHill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject
to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble,
reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it
without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your
right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms.
THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY,
ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN
BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill
and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or
error free. Neither McGraw-Hill nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for
any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall
McGraw-Hill and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability
to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever
whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise.
, In memory of Kim Michele Stern
Scott Stern
In memory of my father, Dr. Robert Cifu
Adam Cifu
In memory of my father, Robert Seidman
Diane Altkorn
