NR 566 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027
ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FOR
THE CARE OF THE FAMILY
200QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES GRADED
A+ LATEST DOWNLOAD PDF!
1. A 32-year-old woman presents with bacterial sinusitis. She has a history of
anaphylaxis to penicillin. Which antibiotic is safest to prescribe?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Cefuroxime
D. Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Correct Ans: B. Azithromycin
RATIONALE: Patients with severe penicillin allergy should avoid all beta-
lactams. Azithromycin, a macrolide, is safe and effective for bacterial sinusitis.
2. A patient taking warfarin is started on amiodarone. What is the most important
action by the nurse practitioner?
A. Discontinue warfarin
B. Monitor INR closely
C. Increase warfarin dose
D. Monitor potassium levels
Correct Ans: B. Monitor INR closely
RATIONALE: Amiodarone inhibits warfarin metabolism, increasing bleeding
risk. INR should be monitored and warfarin dose adjusted accordingly.
, -year-
3. A 28 old patient is prescribed isotretinoin for severe acne. What patient
teaching is most critical? A. Take with dairy
B. Avoid sun exposure
C. Use two forms of contraception
D. Increase dietary vitamin A
Correct Ans: C. Use two forms of contraception
RATIONALE: Isotretinoin is highly teratogenic; strict contraceptive measures
are required to prevent pregnancy.
4. A patient with asthma reports using albuterol inhaler 6 times per day. What
is the best next step? A. Increase albuterol dose
B. Add inhaled corticosteroid
C. Switch to levalbuterol
D. Stop albuterol
Correct Ans: B. Add inhaled corticosteroid
RATIONALE: Frequent rescue inhaler use indicates poorly controlled asthma.
Longterm control with corticosteroids is indicated.
5. A 45-year-old patient with chronic heart failure is prescribed spironolactone.
Which laboratory value requires immediate attention?
A. Sodium 138 mEq/L
B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
C. Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL
D. Hemoglobin 14 g/dL
Correct Ans: B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
RATIONALE: Spironolactone is potassium-sparing; hyperkalemia >5.5
mEq/L is dangerous and requires adjustment or discontinuation.
, -year-
6. A 60 old patient with type 2 diabetes has an HbA1c of 9.2%. Which medication
adjustment is most appropriate?
A. Increase metformin dose
B. Start insulin therapy
C. Add glipizide
D. Discontinue metformin
Correct Ans: B. Start insulin therapy
RATIONALE: HbA1c >9% indicates poor glycemic control; insulin initiation
is indicated for rapid control and prevention of complications.
7. Which class of drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic effects?
A. Beta-blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. H2 receptor blockers
Correct Ans: B. ACE inhibitors
RATIONALE: ACE inhibitors can cause fetal renal dysgenesis and are
contraindicated in pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters.
8. A patient with chronic kidney disease develops pruritus. Which medication
class should be avoided? A. Antihistamines
B. Phosphate binders
C. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents
D. Opioid agonists
Correct Ans: D. Opioid agonists
RATIONALE: Opioids may worsen pruritus in CKD due to accumulation and
histamine release; non-opioid management is preferred.
9. A 55 old patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed atorvastatin. Which
monitoring is essential?
, -year-
A. TSH
B. Liver function tests
C. Serum potassium
D. Creatinine kinase only if symptomatic
Correct Ans: B. Liver function tests
RATIONALE: Statins can cause hepatotoxicity; LFTs should be monitored
before and during therapy.
10. A patient taking lithium presents with nausea, tremor, and confusion. What
is the priority action? A. Increase fluid intake
B. Hold lithium and check serum level
C. Administer antiemetic
D. Continue therapy at same dose
Correct Ans: B. Hold lithium and check serum level
RATIONALE: These are signs of lithium toxicity. Serum levels must be
checked, and treatment adjusted promptly.
11. Which drug is first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes and has cardiovascular
benefit?
A. Metformin
B. Glipizide
C. Pioglitazone
D. Sitagliptin
Correct Ans: A. Metformin
RATIONALE: Metformin improves glycemic control and has evidence for
cardiovascular benefit in type 2 diabetes.
ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY FOR
THE CARE OF THE FAMILY
200QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES GRADED
A+ LATEST DOWNLOAD PDF!
1. A 32-year-old woman presents with bacterial sinusitis. She has a history of
anaphylaxis to penicillin. Which antibiotic is safest to prescribe?
A. Amoxicillin
B. Azithromycin
C. Cefuroxime
D. Amoxicillin-clavulanate
Correct Ans: B. Azithromycin
RATIONALE: Patients with severe penicillin allergy should avoid all beta-
lactams. Azithromycin, a macrolide, is safe and effective for bacterial sinusitis.
2. A patient taking warfarin is started on amiodarone. What is the most important
action by the nurse practitioner?
A. Discontinue warfarin
B. Monitor INR closely
C. Increase warfarin dose
D. Monitor potassium levels
Correct Ans: B. Monitor INR closely
RATIONALE: Amiodarone inhibits warfarin metabolism, increasing bleeding
risk. INR should be monitored and warfarin dose adjusted accordingly.
, -year-
3. A 28 old patient is prescribed isotretinoin for severe acne. What patient
teaching is most critical? A. Take with dairy
B. Avoid sun exposure
C. Use two forms of contraception
D. Increase dietary vitamin A
Correct Ans: C. Use two forms of contraception
RATIONALE: Isotretinoin is highly teratogenic; strict contraceptive measures
are required to prevent pregnancy.
4. A patient with asthma reports using albuterol inhaler 6 times per day. What
is the best next step? A. Increase albuterol dose
B. Add inhaled corticosteroid
C. Switch to levalbuterol
D. Stop albuterol
Correct Ans: B. Add inhaled corticosteroid
RATIONALE: Frequent rescue inhaler use indicates poorly controlled asthma.
Longterm control with corticosteroids is indicated.
5. A 45-year-old patient with chronic heart failure is prescribed spironolactone.
Which laboratory value requires immediate attention?
A. Sodium 138 mEq/L
B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
C. Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL
D. Hemoglobin 14 g/dL
Correct Ans: B. Potassium 5.8 mEq/L
RATIONALE: Spironolactone is potassium-sparing; hyperkalemia >5.5
mEq/L is dangerous and requires adjustment or discontinuation.
, -year-
6. A 60 old patient with type 2 diabetes has an HbA1c of 9.2%. Which medication
adjustment is most appropriate?
A. Increase metformin dose
B. Start insulin therapy
C. Add glipizide
D. Discontinue metformin
Correct Ans: B. Start insulin therapy
RATIONALE: HbA1c >9% indicates poor glycemic control; insulin initiation
is indicated for rapid control and prevention of complications.
7. Which class of drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic effects?
A. Beta-blockers
B. ACE inhibitors
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. H2 receptor blockers
Correct Ans: B. ACE inhibitors
RATIONALE: ACE inhibitors can cause fetal renal dysgenesis and are
contraindicated in pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimesters.
8. A patient with chronic kidney disease develops pruritus. Which medication
class should be avoided? A. Antihistamines
B. Phosphate binders
C. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents
D. Opioid agonists
Correct Ans: D. Opioid agonists
RATIONALE: Opioids may worsen pruritus in CKD due to accumulation and
histamine release; non-opioid management is preferred.
9. A 55 old patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed atorvastatin. Which
monitoring is essential?
, -year-
A. TSH
B. Liver function tests
C. Serum potassium
D. Creatinine kinase only if symptomatic
Correct Ans: B. Liver function tests
RATIONALE: Statins can cause hepatotoxicity; LFTs should be monitored
before and during therapy.
10. A patient taking lithium presents with nausea, tremor, and confusion. What
is the priority action? A. Increase fluid intake
B. Hold lithium and check serum level
C. Administer antiemetic
D. Continue therapy at same dose
Correct Ans: B. Hold lithium and check serum level
RATIONALE: These are signs of lithium toxicity. Serum levels must be
checked, and treatment adjusted promptly.
11. Which drug is first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes and has cardiovascular
benefit?
A. Metformin
B. Glipizide
C. Pioglitazone
D. Sitagliptin
Correct Ans: A. Metformin
RATIONALE: Metformin improves glycemic control and has evidence for
cardiovascular benefit in type 2 diabetes.
