Jersey College MedSurg 1 RN Final Exam Guide
1. weight, smoking, sex practices, diet: List four modifiable risk factors. (general health
promotion)
2. age, genetics, sex: List three non-modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion)
3. cultural assessment: What type of assessment should the nurse preform prior to initiating
health teaching?
4. physiological integrity
safety and security
belongingness and
affection esteem and
self-respect
self-actualization
-- physiologic needs and life threatening issues are a priority
-- confirm that these needs are met in the order listed above: Maslow's
Hierarchy of Needs
--priorities?
--what order?
5. Healthy People 2020: Organization that identifies health promotion and disease prevention
goals and lists strategies along with resources in an attempt to improve the nation's health
6. The Institute of Medicine's report on the Future of Nursing:
Organization that recom- mends ways to strengthen the practice of nursing in order to improve
health care.
7. The National Patient Safety Goals: The Joint Commission lists the top patient safety
concerns and includes medication safety, infection prevention, surgery-related mistakes, patient
identification and improving statt communication. What is this list called?
8. Nurse Practice Acts: This governs nursing practice and is a law that is put into place to protect
the public
- nurses must follow and comply with their state's regulations
9. QSEN - Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Institute: Institute that
seeks to strengthen the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of nurses in providing continuous quality
improvement in health care
10. whatever the patient says it is: What is pain?
,11. actual or potential tissue damage: Pain is associated with
.
12. the patient's self
report: The single most reliable indicator of pain is .
13. blood pressure, heart rate, and respirations:
Pain stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and could result in an increase in
, , and .
14. increases glucagon
production decreases insulin
secretion
depresses immune function
can lead to addictive behaviors: physiologic ettects of unrelieved pain (4)
15. prostaglandins: initiate inflammation and contribute to tissue swelling and pain
16. NSAIDS: primarily produce pain relief by preventing prostaglandin formation.
17. Acetaminophen: does not have anti-inflammatory
properties.
18. tissue damage: stimulates the inflammatory response
and puts the patient at risk for pain.
19. local anesthetics, non-opioids or opioids: manage nociceptive pain with?
20. allodynia: pain that is associated with a noxious stimulus
21. nerve route injury: could lead to allodynia.
22. timing:
onset - when it started
duration - where it started
frequency - how often/for how long
type - includes intensity, associated factors
influencing factors - what makes it
better/worse intensity - how bad does it hurt
quality - what does it feel
,like location - where does
it hurt
effects on function/daily activities: What does a comprehensive pain assessment
include?
23. visual analog scale: 10cm line that represents no pain to worst pain on each end of
the line and the patient places a mark somewhere between the two ends depending on the severity
of pain
24. numeric rating scale: ranges from 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain
25. Wong-Baker FACES Scale (ages 3+): consists of cartoon faces that the patient selects
to report their pain
26. verbal descriptor scale: uses words to help individuals describe the intensity of their
pain
27. Wong-Baker FACES Scale: should never be used by the provider to match the patient's
facial expression
28. produce a local effect: ettect produced by topical analgesics
29. produces drug absorption into the systemic circulaiton: ettect
produced by transdermal route of analgesics
30. provide PCA
(patient controlled analgesia): Provide to help reduce
complica- tions related to pain. Used in postoperative patients as a preventative measure for pain.
31. around the clock: Provide
administration of analgesics (frequency) for chronic and postoperative
pain, never wait for chronic pain to reoccur.
32. aspirin or acetaminophen: given for mild to moderate pain
33. NSAIDS: given for moderate pain
34. opioid analgesics (Morphine): given for severe pain
35. rectal route: Avoid which medication administration route for patients who are
thrombocytopenic?
36. Acetaminophen: Use of this analgesic could result in hepatoxicity and should not
exceed 4,000mg/day.
37. NSAIDS: analgesic that could result in gastric ulcers or contribute to cardiovascular events
, such as MI or stroke
38. NSAIDS: analgesic that could lead to acute renal failure in patients with volume depletion
or who take it for chronic pain
39. prostaglandin: needed for renal blood flow
40. constipation, nausea, pupil constriction, and respiratory
depression: undesir- able side ettects of opioids
41. could increase absorption and result in lethal complications:
Never apply heat over transdermal patches. Why?
42. antidepressants or anticonvulsants: adjuvant medications used to manage
neuropathic pain
43. metabolic alkalosis: Vomiting can lead to what acid-base imbalance
44. metabolic acidosis: Diarrhea can lead to what acid-base imbalance
45. calcium: Mineral that helps to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation
46. high in calcium and low in phosphorus: In the setting of
hypoparathyroidism, provide a diet that is high in and low in .
47. osmotic pressure:
Chloride works with sodium to determine .
48. hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis: If chloride levels drop, bicarbonate is retained
and results in
.
49. action potentials
weakness or excitability: Changes in electrolytes impair resulting in or
.
50. fluid volume deficit (FVD): Small shifts in intravascular volume in children increases
their risk for
.
51. albumin: Proteins like create an oncotic pressure.
52. oncotic pressure: pulls fluid from the interstitial
compartment into the intravascular compartment to maintain volume.
53. D5W: becomes a hypotonic solution as the cells absorb the dextrose
54. dextrose: should not be given to patients with a head injury.
55. low Magnesium: This mineral stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion when low.
56. Magnesium: This mineral helps with carbohydrate and protein metabolism, attects
1. weight, smoking, sex practices, diet: List four modifiable risk factors. (general health
promotion)
2. age, genetics, sex: List three non-modifiable risk factors. (general health promotion)
3. cultural assessment: What type of assessment should the nurse preform prior to initiating
health teaching?
4. physiological integrity
safety and security
belongingness and
affection esteem and
self-respect
self-actualization
-- physiologic needs and life threatening issues are a priority
-- confirm that these needs are met in the order listed above: Maslow's
Hierarchy of Needs
--priorities?
--what order?
5. Healthy People 2020: Organization that identifies health promotion and disease prevention
goals and lists strategies along with resources in an attempt to improve the nation's health
6. The Institute of Medicine's report on the Future of Nursing:
Organization that recom- mends ways to strengthen the practice of nursing in order to improve
health care.
7. The National Patient Safety Goals: The Joint Commission lists the top patient safety
concerns and includes medication safety, infection prevention, surgery-related mistakes, patient
identification and improving statt communication. What is this list called?
8. Nurse Practice Acts: This governs nursing practice and is a law that is put into place to protect
the public
- nurses must follow and comply with their state's regulations
9. QSEN - Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Institute: Institute that
seeks to strengthen the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of nurses in providing continuous quality
improvement in health care
10. whatever the patient says it is: What is pain?
,11. actual or potential tissue damage: Pain is associated with
.
12. the patient's self
report: The single most reliable indicator of pain is .
13. blood pressure, heart rate, and respirations:
Pain stimulates the sympathetic nervous system and could result in an increase in
, , and .
14. increases glucagon
production decreases insulin
secretion
depresses immune function
can lead to addictive behaviors: physiologic ettects of unrelieved pain (4)
15. prostaglandins: initiate inflammation and contribute to tissue swelling and pain
16. NSAIDS: primarily produce pain relief by preventing prostaglandin formation.
17. Acetaminophen: does not have anti-inflammatory
properties.
18. tissue damage: stimulates the inflammatory response
and puts the patient at risk for pain.
19. local anesthetics, non-opioids or opioids: manage nociceptive pain with?
20. allodynia: pain that is associated with a noxious stimulus
21. nerve route injury: could lead to allodynia.
22. timing:
onset - when it started
duration - where it started
frequency - how often/for how long
type - includes intensity, associated factors
influencing factors - what makes it
better/worse intensity - how bad does it hurt
quality - what does it feel
,like location - where does
it hurt
effects on function/daily activities: What does a comprehensive pain assessment
include?
23. visual analog scale: 10cm line that represents no pain to worst pain on each end of
the line and the patient places a mark somewhere between the two ends depending on the severity
of pain
24. numeric rating scale: ranges from 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain
25. Wong-Baker FACES Scale (ages 3+): consists of cartoon faces that the patient selects
to report their pain
26. verbal descriptor scale: uses words to help individuals describe the intensity of their
pain
27. Wong-Baker FACES Scale: should never be used by the provider to match the patient's
facial expression
28. produce a local effect: ettect produced by topical analgesics
29. produces drug absorption into the systemic circulaiton: ettect
produced by transdermal route of analgesics
30. provide PCA
(patient controlled analgesia): Provide to help reduce
complica- tions related to pain. Used in postoperative patients as a preventative measure for pain.
31. around the clock: Provide
administration of analgesics (frequency) for chronic and postoperative
pain, never wait for chronic pain to reoccur.
32. aspirin or acetaminophen: given for mild to moderate pain
33. NSAIDS: given for moderate pain
34. opioid analgesics (Morphine): given for severe pain
35. rectal route: Avoid which medication administration route for patients who are
thrombocytopenic?
36. Acetaminophen: Use of this analgesic could result in hepatoxicity and should not
exceed 4,000mg/day.
37. NSAIDS: analgesic that could result in gastric ulcers or contribute to cardiovascular events
, such as MI or stroke
38. NSAIDS: analgesic that could lead to acute renal failure in patients with volume depletion
or who take it for chronic pain
39. prostaglandin: needed for renal blood flow
40. constipation, nausea, pupil constriction, and respiratory
depression: undesir- able side ettects of opioids
41. could increase absorption and result in lethal complications:
Never apply heat over transdermal patches. Why?
42. antidepressants or anticonvulsants: adjuvant medications used to manage
neuropathic pain
43. metabolic alkalosis: Vomiting can lead to what acid-base imbalance
44. metabolic acidosis: Diarrhea can lead to what acid-base imbalance
45. calcium: Mineral that helps to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation
46. high in calcium and low in phosphorus: In the setting of
hypoparathyroidism, provide a diet that is high in and low in .
47. osmotic pressure:
Chloride works with sodium to determine .
48. hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis: If chloride levels drop, bicarbonate is retained
and results in
.
49. action potentials
weakness or excitability: Changes in electrolytes impair resulting in or
.
50. fluid volume deficit (FVD): Small shifts in intravascular volume in children increases
their risk for
.
51. albumin: Proteins like create an oncotic pressure.
52. oncotic pressure: pulls fluid from the interstitial
compartment into the intravascular compartment to maintain volume.
53. D5W: becomes a hypotonic solution as the cells absorb the dextrose
54. dextrose: should not be given to patients with a head injury.
55. low Magnesium: This mineral stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion when low.
56. Magnesium: This mineral helps with carbohydrate and protein metabolism, attects
