BIO 168 Exam 4 Study Questions with Answers | Expert Graded A+ Brand New Version

BIO 168 Exam 4 Study Questions with Answers | Expert Graded A+ Brand New Version 1. What occurs as a result of the opening of sodium channels in the membrane? - ANSWER Depolarization 2. How do muscle tissue action potentials compare with neuronal tissue action potentials? - ANSWER Action potentials: Nuerons v. Muscle tissue Action potentials: last longer in muscle fib Muscle fibers conduct action potentials only by continuous propagtion. Muscle fibers conduct and action potential at slower speeds. 3. What is meant by the absolute refractory period? - ANSWER Time during which the membrane cannot respond to any further stimulation, no matter how strong. 4. What ions triggers the release of Ach in the synaptic cleft? - ANSWER Calcium ions rush into axon terminal. Triggers exocytosis of synaptic vesicles and release of Ach into synaptic cleft. 5. Are spinal nerves sensory or motor? - ANSWER Both sensory and motor 6. What two spinal segments make up a spinal nerve? - ANSWER Ventral root 7. dorsal root 8. At what age does the verebral column continue to elongate but the spinal cord does not? - ANSWER Age 4 9. What are the spinal meninges and what is their function? - ANSWER Meninges is a specialized membranes surrounding the spinal cord. Provide physical stability and shock absorption. Blood vessels within levels deliver oxygen and nutrients to the spinal cord. Dura meter, Arachnoid mater, Pia mater 10.Where is the subdoral space located? - ANSWER Dura Mater 11.What does the somatic nervous system control? - ANSWER Skeletal Muscles 12.What does the Automatic nervous system control? - ANSWER Smooth muscle cardiac muscle glands adipose tissue 13.Define neuron? - ANSWER Basic functional unit of nervous system. Nerve cells specialized for intercellular communication. 14.Define Synapse? - ANSWER Specialized site of communication between neuron & another cell. 15.What are neurons unable to do due to their lack of centrioles? - ANSWER They Cannot Divide So, if lost to injury or disease, seldom replaced. 16.What are the functions of the following receptors? Interoreceptors Special sense receptors proprioceptors somatic sensory receptors exteroreceptors - ANSWER Somatic sensory receptors- position, touch, pressure pain and temperature Special sensory receptors- smell, taste, vision, balance, hearing Interoceptors (inside)-Monitor various body systems Proprioceptors- Monitors body position and movement of joints and muscles Exteroceptors (outside)- Monitors sensations from the external environment. 17.What class of neuron is the most common class found in the CNS? - ANSWER Multipolar 18.During a spinal tap; into what space is the needle inserted and inferior to what region? - ANSWER Subarachnoid Space