Radiographic Pathology for Technologists 8th Edition –
Complete Test Bank (Chapters 1–12) by Kowalczyk With
Questions, Answers, and Rationales
Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathology
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
The sequence of events producing cellular changes following injury best defines:
manifestations.
pathogenesis.
sign.
symptom.
ANS: B REF: p. 2
An abnormal disturbance of the function and structure of the human body following
injury refers to:
disease.
etiology.
manifestations.
pathogenesis.
ANS: A REF: p. 2
The study of the cause of disease is termed:
disease.
etiology.
pathogenesis.
prognosis.
ANS: B REF: p. 2
Common agents that cause disease include:
bacteria.
chemicals.
heat.
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
ANS: D REF: p. 2
A syndrome is best defined as:
a. a genetic abnormality of a single protein.
, an adverse response to medical treatment.
the patient’s perception of the disease.
signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance.
ANS: D REF: p. 2
An adverse response to medical treatment itself is
termed: a. autoimmune.
iatrogenic.
idiopathic.
nosocomial.
ANS: B REF: p. 3
Prognosis refers to:
diseases usually having a quick onset.
the name of the particular disease.
the predicted course and outcome of the disease.
the structure of cells or tissue.
ANS: C REF: p. 3
Diseases that generally require a decrease in the exposure technique are considered:
destructive.
lytic.
subtractive.
all of the above.
ANS: D REF: p. 3
The investigation of disease occurring in large groups best defines:
epidemiology.
incidence.
prevalence.
all of the above.
ANS: A REF: p. 3
Data regarding the number of deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a
population are collected and reported by the:
American College of Radiology.
Centers for Disease Control.
Food and Drug Administration.
National Center for Health Statistics.
ANS: D REF: p. 2
Which of the following are leading causes of death in the United States for adults
aged 45 years and greater?
Heart disease
Malignant neoplasm
Polycystic kidney disease
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
, 2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
ANS: A REF: p. 4
12. In 2010, health spending accounted for approximately % of the U.S. gross domestic
product.
12
17
21
33
ANS: B REF: p. 7
13. Each cell in the human body, except the reproductive cells, contains pairs of autosomal
chromosomes and sex chromosomes.
a. 11; 1
b. 11; 2
c. 22; 1
d. 22; 2
ANS: D REF: p. 8
The types of gene maps that grew out of the identification of DNA sequences
include maps.
genetic
SNP
physical
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
ANS: B REF: p. 8
The identification of common DNA pattern sequences and common patterns of
genetic variations of single DNA bases resulted in:
the Genome Project.
genetic linkage maps.
haplotype mapping.
physical mapping.
ANS: C REF: p. 8
Diseases that are present at birth from genetic or environmental factors are classified as:
congenital.
degenerative.
genetic.
metabolic.
ANS: A REF: p. 10
A genetic disorder caused by an abnormality on one of the 22 nonsex
chromosomes is considered:
, autosomal.
dominant.
recessive.
sex linked.
ANS: A REF: p. 11
A protein coat surrounding a genome of either RNA or DNA without an organized
cellular structure best describes which type of microorganism?
Bacteria
Fungi
Virus
All of the above
ANS: C REF: p. 11
The ease with which a pathogenic organism can overcome the body’s defenses best describes:
etiology.
infection.
pathogenesis.
virulence.
ANS: D REF: p. 12
Diseases caused by the disturbance of normal physiologic function are classified as:
degenerative.
metabolic.
neoplastic.
traumatic.
ANS: B REF: p. 13
The lymph node into which the primary neoplasm drains during metastasis is termed
the node.
primary
sentinel
metastatic
neoplastic
ANS: B REF: p. 14
The spread of cancerous cells into surrounding tissue by virtue of the close proximity
best describes:
lymphatic spread.
hematogenous spread.
invasion.
oncogenesis.
ANS: C REF: p. 16
Cancer originating in epithelial tissue is termed:
carcinoma.
leukemia.
lymphoma.
sarcoma.
Complete Test Bank (Chapters 1–12) by Kowalczyk With
Questions, Answers, and Rationales
Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathology
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
The sequence of events producing cellular changes following injury best defines:
manifestations.
pathogenesis.
sign.
symptom.
ANS: B REF: p. 2
An abnormal disturbance of the function and structure of the human body following
injury refers to:
disease.
etiology.
manifestations.
pathogenesis.
ANS: A REF: p. 2
The study of the cause of disease is termed:
disease.
etiology.
pathogenesis.
prognosis.
ANS: B REF: p. 2
Common agents that cause disease include:
bacteria.
chemicals.
heat.
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
ANS: D REF: p. 2
A syndrome is best defined as:
a. a genetic abnormality of a single protein.
, an adverse response to medical treatment.
the patient’s perception of the disease.
signs and symptoms that characterize a specific abnormal disturbance.
ANS: D REF: p. 2
An adverse response to medical treatment itself is
termed: a. autoimmune.
iatrogenic.
idiopathic.
nosocomial.
ANS: B REF: p. 3
Prognosis refers to:
diseases usually having a quick onset.
the name of the particular disease.
the predicted course and outcome of the disease.
the structure of cells or tissue.
ANS: C REF: p. 3
Diseases that generally require a decrease in the exposure technique are considered:
destructive.
lytic.
subtractive.
all of the above.
ANS: D REF: p. 3
The investigation of disease occurring in large groups best defines:
epidemiology.
incidence.
prevalence.
all of the above.
ANS: A REF: p. 3
Data regarding the number of deaths caused by a particular disease averaged over a
population are collected and reported by the:
American College of Radiology.
Centers for Disease Control.
Food and Drug Administration.
National Center for Health Statistics.
ANS: D REF: p. 2
Which of the following are leading causes of death in the United States for adults
aged 45 years and greater?
Heart disease
Malignant neoplasm
Polycystic kidney disease
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
, 2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
ANS: A REF: p. 4
12. In 2010, health spending accounted for approximately % of the U.S. gross domestic
product.
12
17
21
33
ANS: B REF: p. 7
13. Each cell in the human body, except the reproductive cells, contains pairs of autosomal
chromosomes and sex chromosomes.
a. 11; 1
b. 11; 2
c. 22; 1
d. 22; 2
ANS: D REF: p. 8
The types of gene maps that grew out of the identification of DNA sequences
include maps.
genetic
SNP
physical
1 and 2 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
1, 2, and 3
ANS: B REF: p. 8
The identification of common DNA pattern sequences and common patterns of
genetic variations of single DNA bases resulted in:
the Genome Project.
genetic linkage maps.
haplotype mapping.
physical mapping.
ANS: C REF: p. 8
Diseases that are present at birth from genetic or environmental factors are classified as:
congenital.
degenerative.
genetic.
metabolic.
ANS: A REF: p. 10
A genetic disorder caused by an abnormality on one of the 22 nonsex
chromosomes is considered:
, autosomal.
dominant.
recessive.
sex linked.
ANS: A REF: p. 11
A protein coat surrounding a genome of either RNA or DNA without an organized
cellular structure best describes which type of microorganism?
Bacteria
Fungi
Virus
All of the above
ANS: C REF: p. 11
The ease with which a pathogenic organism can overcome the body’s defenses best describes:
etiology.
infection.
pathogenesis.
virulence.
ANS: D REF: p. 12
Diseases caused by the disturbance of normal physiologic function are classified as:
degenerative.
metabolic.
neoplastic.
traumatic.
ANS: B REF: p. 13
The lymph node into which the primary neoplasm drains during metastasis is termed
the node.
primary
sentinel
metastatic
neoplastic
ANS: B REF: p. 14
The spread of cancerous cells into surrounding tissue by virtue of the close proximity
best describes:
lymphatic spread.
hematogenous spread.
invasion.
oncogenesis.
ANS: C REF: p. 16
Cancer originating in epithelial tissue is termed:
carcinoma.
leukemia.
lymphoma.
sarcoma.
