Q1. What does ECG stand for?
A. Electrocardiogram
B. Electrocardiogymnastics
C. Electrocardiovascular Graph
D. Electrocardioscopy
✔ Answer: A — ECG stands for Electrocardiogram, a recording of the
electrical activity of the heart.
Q2. What is the standard paper speed for ECG recording?
A. 10 mm/sec
B. 25 mm/sec
C. 50 mm/sec
D. 100 mm/sec
✔ Answer: B — The standard ECG paper speed is 25 mm/sec.
Q3. At standard paper speed, each small box (1 mm) represents how much
time?
A. 0.02 seconds
B. 0.04 seconds
C. 0.08 seconds
D. 0.10 seconds
✔ Answer: B — At 25 mm/sec, each 1 mm small box = 0.04 seconds.
Q4. Each large box (5 mm) on ECG paper represents how much time?
A. 0.10 seconds
B. 0.20 seconds
C. 0.30 seconds
D. 0.40 seconds
✔ Answer: B — Each large box = 5 small boxes = 5 × 0.04 = 0.20 seconds.
Q5. Standard ECG calibration is:
, A. 5 mm = 0.5 mV
B. 10 mm = 1 mV
C. 20 mm = 1 mV
D. 10 mm = 2 mV
✔ Answer: B — Standard calibration: 10 mm (1 large box height) = 1 mV.
Q6. Which wave represents atrial depolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. U wave
✔ Answer: A — The P wave represents atrial depolarization.
Q7. Which complex represents ventricular depolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. ST segment
✔ Answer: B — The QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization.
Q8. Which wave represents ventricular repolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. Delta wave
✔ Answer: C — The T wave represents ventricular repolarization.
Q9. What is the normal PR interval duration?
A. 0.06–0.10 seconds
B. 0.12–0.20 seconds
C. 0.20–0.30 seconds
D. 0.08–0.12 seconds
✔ Answer: B — Normal PR interval: 0.12–0.20 seconds (3–5 small boxes).
Q10. What is the normal QRS duration?
A. Less than 0.12 seconds
B. 0.12–0.20 seconds
C. 0.20–0.30 seconds
D. Greater than 0.20 seconds
, ✔ Answer: A — Normal QRS duration is less than 0.12 seconds (< 3 small
boxes).
Q11. The QT interval represents:
A. Atrial depolarization only
B. Ventricular depolarization and repolarization
C. Only ventricular repolarization
D. AV node conduction time
✔ Answer: B — The QT interval encompasses both ventricular
depolarization (QRS) and repolarization (T wave).
Q12. What is the normal heart rate range?
A. 40–60 bpm
B. 60–100 bpm
C. 100–120 bpm
D. 50–90 bpm
✔ Answer: B — Normal sinus rate is 60–100 beats per minute.
Q13. How many standard leads are in a 12-lead ECG?
A. 10
B. 12
C. 15
D. 6
✔ Answer: B — A 12-lead ECG provides 12 views: 6 limb leads and 6
precordial leads.
Q14. The limb leads are:
A. I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF
B. V1–V6
C. I, II, aVR, V1–V4
D. I–IV
✔ Answer: A — Limb leads: I, II, III (bipolar) and aVR, aVL, aVF
(augmented unipolar).
Q15. Lead II runs between which two electrodes?
A. Right arm to left arm
B. Right arm to left leg
C. Left arm to left leg
D. Left leg to right leg
✔ Answer: B — Lead II = right arm (negative) to left leg (positive).
, Q16. Which precordial lead is placed at the right sternal border, 4th
intercostal space?
A. V1
B. V2
C. V3
D. V4
✔ Answer: A — V1 is placed at the right sternal border, 4th intercostal
space.
Q17. Which lead is placed at the left midclavicular line, 5th intercostal
space?
A. V3
B. V4
C. V5
D. V6
✔ Answer: B — V4 is placed at the left midclavicular line, 5th intercostal
space.
Q18. Einthoven's triangle is formed by leads:
A. I, II, III
B. aVR, aVL, aVF
C. V1, V2, V3
D. All 12 leads
✔ Answer: A — Einthoven's triangle is the equilateral triangle formed by
leads I, II, and III.
Q19. What does the isoelectric line represent?
A. Maximum electrical activity
B. No electrical activity
C. Atrial repolarization
D. Ventricular repolarization
✔ Answer: B — The isoelectric (baseline) line represents periods of no
electrical activity.
Q20. The SA node is located in:
A. Right atrium near the AV node
B. Right atrium near the SVC junction
C. Left atrium
D. Interventricular septum
A. Electrocardiogram
B. Electrocardiogymnastics
C. Electrocardiovascular Graph
D. Electrocardioscopy
✔ Answer: A — ECG stands for Electrocardiogram, a recording of the
electrical activity of the heart.
Q2. What is the standard paper speed for ECG recording?
A. 10 mm/sec
B. 25 mm/sec
C. 50 mm/sec
D. 100 mm/sec
✔ Answer: B — The standard ECG paper speed is 25 mm/sec.
Q3. At standard paper speed, each small box (1 mm) represents how much
time?
A. 0.02 seconds
B. 0.04 seconds
C. 0.08 seconds
D. 0.10 seconds
✔ Answer: B — At 25 mm/sec, each 1 mm small box = 0.04 seconds.
Q4. Each large box (5 mm) on ECG paper represents how much time?
A. 0.10 seconds
B. 0.20 seconds
C. 0.30 seconds
D. 0.40 seconds
✔ Answer: B — Each large box = 5 small boxes = 5 × 0.04 = 0.20 seconds.
Q5. Standard ECG calibration is:
, A. 5 mm = 0.5 mV
B. 10 mm = 1 mV
C. 20 mm = 1 mV
D. 10 mm = 2 mV
✔ Answer: B — Standard calibration: 10 mm (1 large box height) = 1 mV.
Q6. Which wave represents atrial depolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. U wave
✔ Answer: A — The P wave represents atrial depolarization.
Q7. Which complex represents ventricular depolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. ST segment
✔ Answer: B — The QRS complex represents ventricular depolarization.
Q8. Which wave represents ventricular repolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. Delta wave
✔ Answer: C — The T wave represents ventricular repolarization.
Q9. What is the normal PR interval duration?
A. 0.06–0.10 seconds
B. 0.12–0.20 seconds
C. 0.20–0.30 seconds
D. 0.08–0.12 seconds
✔ Answer: B — Normal PR interval: 0.12–0.20 seconds (3–5 small boxes).
Q10. What is the normal QRS duration?
A. Less than 0.12 seconds
B. 0.12–0.20 seconds
C. 0.20–0.30 seconds
D. Greater than 0.20 seconds
, ✔ Answer: A — Normal QRS duration is less than 0.12 seconds (< 3 small
boxes).
Q11. The QT interval represents:
A. Atrial depolarization only
B. Ventricular depolarization and repolarization
C. Only ventricular repolarization
D. AV node conduction time
✔ Answer: B — The QT interval encompasses both ventricular
depolarization (QRS) and repolarization (T wave).
Q12. What is the normal heart rate range?
A. 40–60 bpm
B. 60–100 bpm
C. 100–120 bpm
D. 50–90 bpm
✔ Answer: B — Normal sinus rate is 60–100 beats per minute.
Q13. How many standard leads are in a 12-lead ECG?
A. 10
B. 12
C. 15
D. 6
✔ Answer: B — A 12-lead ECG provides 12 views: 6 limb leads and 6
precordial leads.
Q14. The limb leads are:
A. I, II, III, aVR, aVL, aVF
B. V1–V6
C. I, II, aVR, V1–V4
D. I–IV
✔ Answer: A — Limb leads: I, II, III (bipolar) and aVR, aVL, aVF
(augmented unipolar).
Q15. Lead II runs between which two electrodes?
A. Right arm to left arm
B. Right arm to left leg
C. Left arm to left leg
D. Left leg to right leg
✔ Answer: B — Lead II = right arm (negative) to left leg (positive).
, Q16. Which precordial lead is placed at the right sternal border, 4th
intercostal space?
A. V1
B. V2
C. V3
D. V4
✔ Answer: A — V1 is placed at the right sternal border, 4th intercostal
space.
Q17. Which lead is placed at the left midclavicular line, 5th intercostal
space?
A. V3
B. V4
C. V5
D. V6
✔ Answer: B — V4 is placed at the left midclavicular line, 5th intercostal
space.
Q18. Einthoven's triangle is formed by leads:
A. I, II, III
B. aVR, aVL, aVF
C. V1, V2, V3
D. All 12 leads
✔ Answer: A — Einthoven's triangle is the equilateral triangle formed by
leads I, II, and III.
Q19. What does the isoelectric line represent?
A. Maximum electrical activity
B. No electrical activity
C. Atrial repolarization
D. Ventricular repolarization
✔ Answer: B — The isoelectric (baseline) line represents periods of no
electrical activity.
Q20. The SA node is located in:
A. Right atrium near the AV node
B. Right atrium near the SVC junction
C. Left atrium
D. Interventricular septum
