PNH 301 TEST 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
The nurse working in the heart failure clinic will know that teaching for a client with
newly diagnosed heart failure has been effective when the client does which of the
following actions?
a. Uses an additional pillow to sleep when feeling short of breath at night.
b. Tells the home care nurse that furosemide is taken daily at bedtime.
c. Calls the clinic when the weight increases from 56 to 59 kg in 2 days.
d. Says that the nitroglycerin patch will be used for any chest pain that develops. -
Answer- c. Calls the clinic when the weight increases from 56 to 59 kg in 2 days.
Which of the following information given by a client admitted with chronic stable angina
will help the nurse confirm this diagnosis?
a. The client rates the pain at a level 3-5 (0-10 scale).
b. The client states that the pain "wakes me up at night."
c. The client says that the frequency of the pain has increased over the last few weeks.
d. The client states that the pain is resolved after taking one sublingual nitroglycerin
tablet. - Answer- d. The client states that the pain is resolved after taking one sublingual
nitroglycerin tablet.
Clinical manifestations of CAD (Coronary Artery Disease): - Answer- - Angina
- Shortness of Breath
- Fatigue
- Palpitations
- Syncope
- Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
An outpatient who has heart failure returns to the clinic after 2 weeks of therapy with an
ACE inhibitor. Which of these assessment findings is most important for the nurse to
report to the health care provider?
a. Pulse rate of 56
b. 2+ pedal edema
c. BP of 88/42 mm Hg
d. Complaints of fatigue - Answer- c. BP of 88/42 mm Hg
The nurse is developing a health teaching plan for a 60-year-old man with the following
risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Which of the following risk factors should
the nurse focus on when teaching the client?
a. Family history of coronary artery disease
b. Increased risk associated with the client's gender
, c. High incidence of cardio vascular disease in older people
d. Elevation of the client's serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level - Answer- d.
Elevation of the client's serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level
The nurse is caring for a client with angina who has been prescribed nadolol. Which of
the following parameters should the nurse assess to determine whether the drug is
effective?
a. Decreased blood pressure and apical pulse rate b.
b. Fewer complaints of having cold hands and feet
c. Improvement in the quality of the peripheral pulses
d. The ability to do daily activities without chest discomfort - Answer- d. The ability to do
daily activities without chest discomfort
The nurse is assessing a client who has chronic peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the
legs and an ulcer on the left great toe. Which of the following findings should the nurse
expect?
a. A positive Homans' sign
b. Swollen, dry, scaly ankles
c. Prolonged capillary refill in all the toes
d. A large amount of drainage from the ulcer - Answer- c. Prolonged capillary refill in all
the toes
Clinical manifestations of PAD (Peripheral Artery Disease): - Answer- Claudication:
Similar to intermittent claudication in PVD, characterized by cramping leg pain during
exercise that resolves with rest.
Rest Pain: Pain in the feet, toes, or legs at rest, particularly when lying flat.
Skin Changes: Skin may appear pale, thin, shiny, or discoloured, with loss of hair and
thickened toenails.
Non-healing Ulcers: Ulcers or sores may develop on the feet or toes, particularly over
pressure points or areas of trauma.
Gangrene: Tissue death (necrosis) may occur in severe cases, leading to the
development of gangrene.
Weak or Absent Pulses: Diminished or absent pulses may be palpable in the affected
limb.
MI Diagnostic Tests and Rationale - Answer- Electrocardiogram (ECG):
An ECG is often the initial test performed in patients with suspected MI. It helps to
detect changes in the electrical activity of the heart caused by myocardial ischemia or
injury.
Cardiac Biomarkers:
Troponin and creatine kinase-MB are released into the bloodstream following
myocardial injury or necrosis. Troponin is the preferred biomarker for diagnosing MI due
to its high specificity and sensitivity.
ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
The nurse working in the heart failure clinic will know that teaching for a client with
newly diagnosed heart failure has been effective when the client does which of the
following actions?
a. Uses an additional pillow to sleep when feeling short of breath at night.
b. Tells the home care nurse that furosemide is taken daily at bedtime.
c. Calls the clinic when the weight increases from 56 to 59 kg in 2 days.
d. Says that the nitroglycerin patch will be used for any chest pain that develops. -
Answer- c. Calls the clinic when the weight increases from 56 to 59 kg in 2 days.
Which of the following information given by a client admitted with chronic stable angina
will help the nurse confirm this diagnosis?
a. The client rates the pain at a level 3-5 (0-10 scale).
b. The client states that the pain "wakes me up at night."
c. The client says that the frequency of the pain has increased over the last few weeks.
d. The client states that the pain is resolved after taking one sublingual nitroglycerin
tablet. - Answer- d. The client states that the pain is resolved after taking one sublingual
nitroglycerin tablet.
Clinical manifestations of CAD (Coronary Artery Disease): - Answer- - Angina
- Shortness of Breath
- Fatigue
- Palpitations
- Syncope
- Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
An outpatient who has heart failure returns to the clinic after 2 weeks of therapy with an
ACE inhibitor. Which of these assessment findings is most important for the nurse to
report to the health care provider?
a. Pulse rate of 56
b. 2+ pedal edema
c. BP of 88/42 mm Hg
d. Complaints of fatigue - Answer- c. BP of 88/42 mm Hg
The nurse is developing a health teaching plan for a 60-year-old man with the following
risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Which of the following risk factors should
the nurse focus on when teaching the client?
a. Family history of coronary artery disease
b. Increased risk associated with the client's gender
, c. High incidence of cardio vascular disease in older people
d. Elevation of the client's serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level - Answer- d.
Elevation of the client's serum low density lipoprotein (LDL) level
The nurse is caring for a client with angina who has been prescribed nadolol. Which of
the following parameters should the nurse assess to determine whether the drug is
effective?
a. Decreased blood pressure and apical pulse rate b.
b. Fewer complaints of having cold hands and feet
c. Improvement in the quality of the peripheral pulses
d. The ability to do daily activities without chest discomfort - Answer- d. The ability to do
daily activities without chest discomfort
The nurse is assessing a client who has chronic peripheral artery disease (PAD) of the
legs and an ulcer on the left great toe. Which of the following findings should the nurse
expect?
a. A positive Homans' sign
b. Swollen, dry, scaly ankles
c. Prolonged capillary refill in all the toes
d. A large amount of drainage from the ulcer - Answer- c. Prolonged capillary refill in all
the toes
Clinical manifestations of PAD (Peripheral Artery Disease): - Answer- Claudication:
Similar to intermittent claudication in PVD, characterized by cramping leg pain during
exercise that resolves with rest.
Rest Pain: Pain in the feet, toes, or legs at rest, particularly when lying flat.
Skin Changes: Skin may appear pale, thin, shiny, or discoloured, with loss of hair and
thickened toenails.
Non-healing Ulcers: Ulcers or sores may develop on the feet or toes, particularly over
pressure points or areas of trauma.
Gangrene: Tissue death (necrosis) may occur in severe cases, leading to the
development of gangrene.
Weak or Absent Pulses: Diminished or absent pulses may be palpable in the affected
limb.
MI Diagnostic Tests and Rationale - Answer- Electrocardiogram (ECG):
An ECG is often the initial test performed in patients with suspected MI. It helps to
detect changes in the electrical activity of the heart caused by myocardial ischemia or
injury.
Cardiac Biomarkers:
Troponin and creatine kinase-MB are released into the bloodstream following
myocardial injury or necrosis. Troponin is the preferred biomarker for diagnosing MI due
to its high specificity and sensitivity.
