PNH 401 TEST 2 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis? - Answer- Diverticulosis
is the formation of abnormal pouches in the bowel wall (not inflamed, symptom free)
Diverticulitis is inflammation or infection of these abnormal pouches.
What are the goals of care for diverticulitis? - Answer- - treat infection
- improve symptoms
- prevent recurrence of symptoms or development of serious complications.
What foods should you avoid if you have diverticulitis? - Answer- Greasy, high-fat foods
or those loaded with sugar may prompt inflammation in the digestive system, which
could cause stomach pain or other symptoms
What is an intestinal obstruction? - Answer- - Occurs when a partial or complete
obstruction of the intestine prevents intestinal contents from passing through the GI tract
- it requires prompt treatment.
What is a mechanical intestinal obstruction? - Answer- Mechanical Obstruction is the
bowel is physically blocked by problems outside the intestine (adhesions) in the bowel
wall (Crohn's disease) or in the intestinal lumen (tumors)
What is a vascular intestinal obstruction? - Answer- a condition that develops when the
arteries in the abdomen that supply the intestines with blood become narrowed due to
the build-up of plaque (a process called atherosclerosis).
The result is a lack of blood supply to the intestines.
Intestinal obstruction located high in the small intestine produces what? - Answer- -
rapid-onset
- sometimes projectile vomiting with bile-containing vomitus.
- Vomiting from more distal obstructions of the small intestine is more gradual in onset.
What will vomit from the small intestine look like? - Answer- green (bile)
What will vomit from the large intestine look like? - Answer- brown (fecal)
,What is seriousness? (Surgical Settings) - Answer- major or minor
What is urgency? (Surgical Settings) (3) - Answer- 1) elective (planned)
2) urgent
3) emergent
What is inpatient? (Surgical Settings) - Answer- Same-day admission
What is ambulatory surgery? (Surgical Settings) - Answer- - Procedures usually take
less than 2 hours
- no overnight stay (less than 24hrs in hosp)
Considerations of ambulatory surgery? - Answer- - early ambulation
- less risk of HAI
- require strong nursing role (pre/post-op teaching)
What is pre/post-op teaching you would need to do for someone receiving ambulatory
(Sam Day) surgery? - Answer- - Pre and post op teaching
- Incision care, drain care
- Diet, activity
- Pain management
- Outpatient resources (PT)
What are your overall goals of nursing care prior to surgery? - Answer- - Establish
baseline function
- Head to toe Assessment
(baseline data)
- Pre-existing illness, comorbidities
- Understand the nature of surgery/disorder
- Complete Preoperative checklist
- Consider risks/complications
- Provide pre-op teaching
- Address worries, concerns
- Discuss or review the discharge plan
What are examples of conditions that would effect pre/post op surgery planning? -
Answer- - bleeding disorders
- diabetes
- heart disease
- sleep apnea
- upper respiratory conditions
- kidney disease
- fever
- immunocompromised
- chronic pain
,Risks Factors that Effect the Outcome of Surgery? - Answer- - Age
- Nutrition
- Obesity
- Medications
- Fluid and Electrolyte imbalance
- Previous surgery
- Smoking
- Alcohol (substance use/abuse)
- Support (emotional/cultural)
What are insulin considerations, post surgery? - Answer- usually require increase post
surgery; consider if NPO
What are common fears that may arise regarding surgery? (Pre Op) - Answer- - Death
or disability
- Pain and discomfort
- Alteration in body image
- Anesthesia
- Alterations in life functioning
General Survey Focus (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? -
Answer- - Ht
- WT
- VS
- head to toe
What are you focusing on in your neuro assessment pre-op? - Answer- - Cognitive
function
- Assess any deficits before surgery, document
- Consider appropriate resources and support
- Assess equality of strength
What are you focusing on in your cardio assessment pre-op? - Answer- - previous MI
- cardiac hx
- Pulses
What are you focusing on in your respiratory assessment pre-op? - Answer- -
Auscultation
- Recent Infections
- Hx of Dyspnea, coughing or hemoptysis
- COPD/asthma
- smokers (encourage to quite 6 weeks pre op)
What are the unique considerations for COPD regarding surgery? - Answer- - High risk
for bronchospasm
, - laryngospasm
- hypoxemia
- atelectasis
What are you focusing on in your urinary assessment pre-op? - Answer- - void
adequately
- need for cath post op
What are you focusing on in your integumentary assessment pre-op? - Answer- -
History of pressure ulcers (Might need extra padding during procedure)
- Affects postoperative healing
- State of skin
What are the unique considerations for diabetes regarding surgery? - Answer- Risk for
- Hypo/hyperglycemia
- Delayed wound healing
- Infection
- Capillary BS morning of surgery (baseline)
- Clarify with the physician or anesthetist for am insulin
What are the unique considerations for someone who is immunocompromised
regarding surgery? - Answer- - delayed wound healing
- increase risk for infection
Past Health History (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? - Answer- -
Medical conditions
- Previous surgeries and problems
- Menstrual/obstetric history
- Reactions/problems to anesthesia (client or family, malignant hyperthermia)
Current Medications (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? - Answer-
- Prescription and OTC
- Herbal products, Vitamins
- Recreational (Drugs, Alcohol, Tobacco)
Fluid and electrolytes (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? -
Answer- - current status
- vomiting
- diarrhea
- diuretics
- NPO status (IV?)
- obesity
- loose teeth (dentures)
What are you screening for pre-op? - Answer- 1) CBC
2) Electrolytes
100% CORRECT ANSWERS
What is the difference between diverticulosis and diverticulitis? - Answer- Diverticulosis
is the formation of abnormal pouches in the bowel wall (not inflamed, symptom free)
Diverticulitis is inflammation or infection of these abnormal pouches.
What are the goals of care for diverticulitis? - Answer- - treat infection
- improve symptoms
- prevent recurrence of symptoms or development of serious complications.
What foods should you avoid if you have diverticulitis? - Answer- Greasy, high-fat foods
or those loaded with sugar may prompt inflammation in the digestive system, which
could cause stomach pain or other symptoms
What is an intestinal obstruction? - Answer- - Occurs when a partial or complete
obstruction of the intestine prevents intestinal contents from passing through the GI tract
- it requires prompt treatment.
What is a mechanical intestinal obstruction? - Answer- Mechanical Obstruction is the
bowel is physically blocked by problems outside the intestine (adhesions) in the bowel
wall (Crohn's disease) or in the intestinal lumen (tumors)
What is a vascular intestinal obstruction? - Answer- a condition that develops when the
arteries in the abdomen that supply the intestines with blood become narrowed due to
the build-up of plaque (a process called atherosclerosis).
The result is a lack of blood supply to the intestines.
Intestinal obstruction located high in the small intestine produces what? - Answer- -
rapid-onset
- sometimes projectile vomiting with bile-containing vomitus.
- Vomiting from more distal obstructions of the small intestine is more gradual in onset.
What will vomit from the small intestine look like? - Answer- green (bile)
What will vomit from the large intestine look like? - Answer- brown (fecal)
,What is seriousness? (Surgical Settings) - Answer- major or minor
What is urgency? (Surgical Settings) (3) - Answer- 1) elective (planned)
2) urgent
3) emergent
What is inpatient? (Surgical Settings) - Answer- Same-day admission
What is ambulatory surgery? (Surgical Settings) - Answer- - Procedures usually take
less than 2 hours
- no overnight stay (less than 24hrs in hosp)
Considerations of ambulatory surgery? - Answer- - early ambulation
- less risk of HAI
- require strong nursing role (pre/post-op teaching)
What is pre/post-op teaching you would need to do for someone receiving ambulatory
(Sam Day) surgery? - Answer- - Pre and post op teaching
- Incision care, drain care
- Diet, activity
- Pain management
- Outpatient resources (PT)
What are your overall goals of nursing care prior to surgery? - Answer- - Establish
baseline function
- Head to toe Assessment
(baseline data)
- Pre-existing illness, comorbidities
- Understand the nature of surgery/disorder
- Complete Preoperative checklist
- Consider risks/complications
- Provide pre-op teaching
- Address worries, concerns
- Discuss or review the discharge plan
What are examples of conditions that would effect pre/post op surgery planning? -
Answer- - bleeding disorders
- diabetes
- heart disease
- sleep apnea
- upper respiratory conditions
- kidney disease
- fever
- immunocompromised
- chronic pain
,Risks Factors that Effect the Outcome of Surgery? - Answer- - Age
- Nutrition
- Obesity
- Medications
- Fluid and Electrolyte imbalance
- Previous surgery
- Smoking
- Alcohol (substance use/abuse)
- Support (emotional/cultural)
What are insulin considerations, post surgery? - Answer- usually require increase post
surgery; consider if NPO
What are common fears that may arise regarding surgery? (Pre Op) - Answer- - Death
or disability
- Pain and discomfort
- Alteration in body image
- Anesthesia
- Alterations in life functioning
General Survey Focus (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? -
Answer- - Ht
- WT
- VS
- head to toe
What are you focusing on in your neuro assessment pre-op? - Answer- - Cognitive
function
- Assess any deficits before surgery, document
- Consider appropriate resources and support
- Assess equality of strength
What are you focusing on in your cardio assessment pre-op? - Answer- - previous MI
- cardiac hx
- Pulses
What are you focusing on in your respiratory assessment pre-op? - Answer- -
Auscultation
- Recent Infections
- Hx of Dyspnea, coughing or hemoptysis
- COPD/asthma
- smokers (encourage to quite 6 weeks pre op)
What are the unique considerations for COPD regarding surgery? - Answer- - High risk
for bronchospasm
, - laryngospasm
- hypoxemia
- atelectasis
What are you focusing on in your urinary assessment pre-op? - Answer- - void
adequately
- need for cath post op
What are you focusing on in your integumentary assessment pre-op? - Answer- -
History of pressure ulcers (Might need extra padding during procedure)
- Affects postoperative healing
- State of skin
What are the unique considerations for diabetes regarding surgery? - Answer- Risk for
- Hypo/hyperglycemia
- Delayed wound healing
- Infection
- Capillary BS morning of surgery (baseline)
- Clarify with the physician or anesthetist for am insulin
What are the unique considerations for someone who is immunocompromised
regarding surgery? - Answer- - delayed wound healing
- increase risk for infection
Past Health History (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? - Answer- -
Medical conditions
- Previous surgeries and problems
- Menstrual/obstetric history
- Reactions/problems to anesthesia (client or family, malignant hyperthermia)
Current Medications (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? - Answer-
- Prescription and OTC
- Herbal products, Vitamins
- Recreational (Drugs, Alcohol, Tobacco)
Fluid and electrolytes (Nursing Assessment Pre-Op), what are you looking at? -
Answer- - current status
- vomiting
- diarrhea
- diuretics
- NPO status (IV?)
- obesity
- loose teeth (dentures)
What are you screening for pre-op? - Answer- 1) CBC
2) Electrolytes
