NSE 411 FINAL PAPER 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GUARANTEED TO PASS
�Risk accumulation . Answer: Ageing is an important marker of the
accumulation of modifiable risks for chronic disease
�Underlying determinants . Answer: a reflection of the major forces driving
social, economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization, urbanization,
population ageing, and general policy environment
�Poverty . Answer: interconnected with chronic disease in a vicious circle
increasing exposure to risks and decreased access to health services
�Primary prevention . Answer: aims to prevent disease. I.e. banning
hazardous products, educating on healthy/safe habits, immunizations
�Secondary prevention . Answer: reduce impact of disease or injury that
has already occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA, suitably modified
work
�Tertiary prevention . Answer: aims to soften impact of ongoing illness. I.e.
cardiac or stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab
�Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) . Answer: materials to
improve cultural competency among health providers to provide healthcare
interventions and other cultural variants
�Marginalization . Answer: Major cause of vulnerability referring to
exposure to a range of possible harms
�Variables at risk for marginalization . Answer: high risk health literacy,
cultural barriers, low english proficiency
�Cultural competence . Answer: a dynamic, fluid, continuous process
whereby an individual, system or health care agency find meaningful and
,useful care delivery strategies based on knowledge of the cultural heritage,
beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those whom they render care
�Norms & values . Answer: soecific practices that guide the actions and
decisions of each person in a group based on their culture. Can be learned
or shared.
�Kleinman Explanatory Model . Answer: A set of questions that the APN
can use in order to assess the culture of a patient.
�Socioeconomic status . Answer: A measure that takes into account three
interrelated dimensions: a person's income level, education level, and typ
of occupation.
�Disparities . Answer: a higher burden of illness, injury, disability, or
mortality experiences by one grup relative to another
�Minorities . Answer: a group of people who because of their physical or
cultural characteristics, are singled out from the other in society
�Food desert . Answer: neighborhoods and communities that have limited
access to affordable and nutritious foods
�Social determinants of health . Answer: poverty, education level, raciam,
income, and poor housisng that effect access to healthcare
�Social justice theory . Answer: the goal that all people will have equal
opportunity to healthcare access and quality of healthcare will be the same
�Data sources utilized to access determinants of health . Answer: Healthy
People 2020, US Census, US Department of Health and Human Services,
Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities
�Accommodation . Answer: To create an environment that accomodates
health practice and ritual from other cultures within a plan of care
�Acculturation . Answer: degree to which an individual from one culture
has given up the traits of that culture and adopted the traits of the dominant
culture in which they now reside
, �Assimilation . Answer: the social, economic, and political integration of a
cultural group into mainstream society to which it may have emigrated
�Genetics . Answer: place patients at higher risk for certain disease and if
family history reveals this a screening tool could be used to determine the
likelihood of a person developing the disease
�Genetic risk assessment . Answer: when a patient is determined to have
a gene that places them at a higher risk of having a disease such as
cancer, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease
�Genomics . Answer: study of all genes in the human genome as well as
their interaction with other genes, the individuals environment, and the
influence of cultural and psychosocial factors
�Pharmacogenomics . Answer: medication efficacy, toxicity, and drug
interaction based on genetic variations
�Components of genetic risk assessment . Answer: Accurate family history
for 3 generations or genetic blood testing to reveal genes
�Relationship between genetics and environment . Answer: a patient may
have a gene increasing risks of disease while also being exposed to
environmental factors that also increase risk for disease. i.e. lung cancer
and radon gas
�Cultural competence . Answer: A dynamic, fluid, continuous process
whereby an individual, system or healthcare agency find meaningful and
useful care delivery strategies based in knowledge of the cultural heritage,
beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those to whom they tender care
�Norms and values . Answer: Specific practices that guide their actions
and decisions of each person in a group based on their culture. Can be
either learned or shared.
�Kleinman Explanatory Model . Answer: A set of questions the advanced
practice nurse can use in order to assess the culture of a patient
�Socio economic status . Answer: A measure that takes into account three
interrelated dimensions: a persons income level, education level, and type
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
GUARANTEED TO PASS
�Risk accumulation . Answer: Ageing is an important marker of the
accumulation of modifiable risks for chronic disease
�Underlying determinants . Answer: a reflection of the major forces driving
social, economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization, urbanization,
population ageing, and general policy environment
�Poverty . Answer: interconnected with chronic disease in a vicious circle
increasing exposure to risks and decreased access to health services
�Primary prevention . Answer: aims to prevent disease. I.e. banning
hazardous products, educating on healthy/safe habits, immunizations
�Secondary prevention . Answer: reduce impact of disease or injury that
has already occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA, suitably modified
work
�Tertiary prevention . Answer: aims to soften impact of ongoing illness. I.e.
cardiac or stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab
�Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) . Answer: materials to
improve cultural competency among health providers to provide healthcare
interventions and other cultural variants
�Marginalization . Answer: Major cause of vulnerability referring to
exposure to a range of possible harms
�Variables at risk for marginalization . Answer: high risk health literacy,
cultural barriers, low english proficiency
�Cultural competence . Answer: a dynamic, fluid, continuous process
whereby an individual, system or health care agency find meaningful and
,useful care delivery strategies based on knowledge of the cultural heritage,
beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those whom they render care
�Norms & values . Answer: soecific practices that guide the actions and
decisions of each person in a group based on their culture. Can be learned
or shared.
�Kleinman Explanatory Model . Answer: A set of questions that the APN
can use in order to assess the culture of a patient.
�Socioeconomic status . Answer: A measure that takes into account three
interrelated dimensions: a person's income level, education level, and typ
of occupation.
�Disparities . Answer: a higher burden of illness, injury, disability, or
mortality experiences by one grup relative to another
�Minorities . Answer: a group of people who because of their physical or
cultural characteristics, are singled out from the other in society
�Food desert . Answer: neighborhoods and communities that have limited
access to affordable and nutritious foods
�Social determinants of health . Answer: poverty, education level, raciam,
income, and poor housisng that effect access to healthcare
�Social justice theory . Answer: the goal that all people will have equal
opportunity to healthcare access and quality of healthcare will be the same
�Data sources utilized to access determinants of health . Answer: Healthy
People 2020, US Census, US Department of Health and Human Services,
Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities
�Accommodation . Answer: To create an environment that accomodates
health practice and ritual from other cultures within a plan of care
�Acculturation . Answer: degree to which an individual from one culture
has given up the traits of that culture and adopted the traits of the dominant
culture in which they now reside
, �Assimilation . Answer: the social, economic, and political integration of a
cultural group into mainstream society to which it may have emigrated
�Genetics . Answer: place patients at higher risk for certain disease and if
family history reveals this a screening tool could be used to determine the
likelihood of a person developing the disease
�Genetic risk assessment . Answer: when a patient is determined to have
a gene that places them at a higher risk of having a disease such as
cancer, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease
�Genomics . Answer: study of all genes in the human genome as well as
their interaction with other genes, the individuals environment, and the
influence of cultural and psychosocial factors
�Pharmacogenomics . Answer: medication efficacy, toxicity, and drug
interaction based on genetic variations
�Components of genetic risk assessment . Answer: Accurate family history
for 3 generations or genetic blood testing to reveal genes
�Relationship between genetics and environment . Answer: a patient may
have a gene increasing risks of disease while also being exposed to
environmental factors that also increase risk for disease. i.e. lung cancer
and radon gas
�Cultural competence . Answer: A dynamic, fluid, continuous process
whereby an individual, system or healthcare agency find meaningful and
useful care delivery strategies based in knowledge of the cultural heritage,
beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those to whom they tender care
�Norms and values . Answer: Specific practices that guide their actions
and decisions of each person in a group based on their culture. Can be
either learned or shared.
�Kleinman Explanatory Model . Answer: A set of questions the advanced
practice nurse can use in order to assess the culture of a patient
�Socio economic status . Answer: A measure that takes into account three
interrelated dimensions: a persons income level, education level, and type
