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AP BIOLOGY EXAM TERMS 2026 100% PASS
ASSURED UPDATED EXAM SOLUTIONS.
organic compounds - correct answer- contain
carbon; examples include lipids, proteins, and
carbs
functional groups - correct answer- amino
(NH2), carbonyl (RCOR), carboxyl (COOH),
hydroxyl (OH), phosphate (PO4), sulfhydryl
(SH)
fat - correct answer- glycerol and three fatty
acids
saturated fats - correct answer- bad for you;
animals and some plants have it; solidifies at
room temp.
unsaturated fats - correct answer- better for
you, plants have it; liquifies at room temp.
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steriods - correct answer- lipids whose
structures resemble chicken-wire fence.
include cholesterol and sex hormones
phospholipids - correct answer- glycerol + 2
fatty acids + 1 phosphate group; makes up
membrane bilayers of cells; hydrophobic
interiors and hydrophillic exteriors
carbohydrates - correct answer- used by cells
for energy and stucture; monosaccharides
(glucose), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose,
lactose), storage polysaccharides (starch
[plants], glycogen [animals]), structural
polysaccharides (chitin [fungi], cellulose
[arthropods])
proteins - correct answer- made with the help
of ribosomes out of amino acids; serve many
functions (transport, enzymes, cell signals,
receptor molecules, structural components, and
channels)
enzymes - correct answer- catalytic proteins
that react in an induced-fit fashion with
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substrates to speed up that rate of reactions
by lowering the activation energy
competitve inhibtion - correct answer-
inhibitor resembles substrate and binds to
active site
noncompetitive inhibition - correct answer-
inhibitor binds elsewhere on the enzyme;
alters active site so that the substrate
cannot bind
pH - correct answer- logarithmic scale; <7
acidic, 7 neutral, >7 basic (alkaline); 4 is
10 times more acidic than 5
hydrolysis - correct answer- breaks down
compounds by adding water
dehydration - correct answer- two components
brought together, producing H2O
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endergonic reaction - correct answer- reaction
that requires input of energy
exergonic reaction - correct answer- reaction
that gives off energy
redox - correct answer- electron transfer
reactions
cell wall - correct answer- found in
prokaryotes and plant cells eukaryotes;
protects and shapes the cell
plasma membrane - correct answer- found in
prokaryotes and eukaryotes; regulates what
substances enter and leave a cell
ribosome - correct answer- found in
prokaryotes and eukaryotes; host for protein
synthesis; form in nucleolus
AP BIOLOGY EXAM TERMS 2026 100% PASS
ASSURED UPDATED EXAM SOLUTIONS.
organic compounds - correct answer- contain
carbon; examples include lipids, proteins, and
carbs
functional groups - correct answer- amino
(NH2), carbonyl (RCOR), carboxyl (COOH),
hydroxyl (OH), phosphate (PO4), sulfhydryl
(SH)
fat - correct answer- glycerol and three fatty
acids
saturated fats - correct answer- bad for you;
animals and some plants have it; solidifies at
room temp.
unsaturated fats - correct answer- better for
you, plants have it; liquifies at room temp.
,2 | Page
steriods - correct answer- lipids whose
structures resemble chicken-wire fence.
include cholesterol and sex hormones
phospholipids - correct answer- glycerol + 2
fatty acids + 1 phosphate group; makes up
membrane bilayers of cells; hydrophobic
interiors and hydrophillic exteriors
carbohydrates - correct answer- used by cells
for energy and stucture; monosaccharides
(glucose), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose,
lactose), storage polysaccharides (starch
[plants], glycogen [animals]), structural
polysaccharides (chitin [fungi], cellulose
[arthropods])
proteins - correct answer- made with the help
of ribosomes out of amino acids; serve many
functions (transport, enzymes, cell signals,
receptor molecules, structural components, and
channels)
enzymes - correct answer- catalytic proteins
that react in an induced-fit fashion with
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substrates to speed up that rate of reactions
by lowering the activation energy
competitve inhibtion - correct answer-
inhibitor resembles substrate and binds to
active site
noncompetitive inhibition - correct answer-
inhibitor binds elsewhere on the enzyme;
alters active site so that the substrate
cannot bind
pH - correct answer- logarithmic scale; <7
acidic, 7 neutral, >7 basic (alkaline); 4 is
10 times more acidic than 5
hydrolysis - correct answer- breaks down
compounds by adding water
dehydration - correct answer- two components
brought together, producing H2O
, 4 | Page
endergonic reaction - correct answer- reaction
that requires input of energy
exergonic reaction - correct answer- reaction
that gives off energy
redox - correct answer- electron transfer
reactions
cell wall - correct answer- found in
prokaryotes and plant cells eukaryotes;
protects and shapes the cell
plasma membrane - correct answer- found in
prokaryotes and eukaryotes; regulates what
substances enter and leave a cell
ribosome - correct answer- found in
prokaryotes and eukaryotes; host for protein
synthesis; form in nucleolus
