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What are 7 types of assessments ✔Correct Answer--Summative
• Formative
• Ipsative
• Diagnostic
•Performance/authentic
•Criterion-referenced
•Norm-referenced
What are a few definitions of assessment. Assessment is: ✔Correct Answer-•information gathering
•the process of documenting knowledge, skills, attitudes, and beliefs
•the process of determining whether or not clearly defined learning objectives have been achieved
by students
•a measure of students' knowledge and skills compared against some level of desired performance,
such as attaining the level of proficient or distinguished or simply meeting the standard
•how well the students are learning and how well the teacher is teaching
•student, teacher, parent, and institutional accountability
•a method to analyze and improve teaching and learning
•a means to motivate students
•a range of options for teachers to use that vary greatly from recording anecdotal notes while
observing a student to administering a standardized test
There are at least six general purposes for assessment in education which have an obvious
relationship with the definitions of assessment that we have already reviewed. Each purpose should
be a component of a comprehensive assessment-instruction system. The six purposes are what
✔Correct Answer-•To identify the whole group's and individual student's strengths and weaknesses
with respect to the curriculum so that the teacher can have access to the best information before
making any instructional decisions
•To inform parents and guardians about their children so they can help them and make informed
decisions as to their future
•To show students their progress toward mastery so individual students can become more aware,
self-directed, and motivated in their approach to their own learning
•To promote the concept of cyclic and continual student learning as exemplified by the model:
assessment → instruction → assessment → instruction → assessment....
•To evaluate the effectiveness of the instructional implementation of specific curricular units,
educational initiatives, teachers, or schools
•To present personalized student data so that the teacher or institution can give a grade that is
linked with an award, such as a degree, license, or certificate
A comprehensive assessment plan, whether for an individual teacher or for a school system, should
include what ✔Correct Answer-data that is relevant for each of the categories listed
We should note that it is possible for one assessment instrument to qualify as what ✔Correct
Answer-as multiple types of assessments. For example, it is possible for a teacher to use a criterion-
referenced, diagnostic assessment or a norm-referenced, summative assessment
, When the average person thinks of a test in school, they are typically recalling what ✔Correct
Answer-a summative assessment
Summative assessments are what ✔Correct Answer-These assessments are content-driven and
appear as tests, quizzes, reports, papers, recitals, and competitions. Summative assessments are
designed to add up or "sum" the amount of knowledge that the test-taker demonstrates. They are
considered "assessments of learning."
For teachers, the summative assessment is usually given when ✔Correct Answer-at the end of a
unit of study, such as a chapter, semester, or year, for the purpose of student evaluation and
assigning a grade.
To use a more sophisticated definition, summative assessments are what ✔Correct Answer-tests
that are designed to measure a learner's understanding following a sustained period of instruction
with a focus on identifying the level of mastery and the effectiveness of the instruction.
summative assessments are measures of outcome that define student achievement rather than what
✔Correct Answer-student cooperation, aptitude, or effort. As such, they are used to determine if a
student or learner has "passed" or reached proficiency in that particular event.
Although summative assessments do provide useful data, there are also several disadvantages.
Probably the most common misuse of a summative assessment is what ✔Correct Answer-the over-
reliance and dependence on these assessments to promote learning
Teachers who use quizzes and tests as the primary means for generating student interest in the class
are what ✔Correct Answer-missing an opportunity to provide engaging instruction.
Associated with the pressure that is placed on students and teachers, is the assertion that high stakes
summative assessments force to teachers to do what ✔Correct Answer-to "teach to the test" to
keep their students' scores high
There are a number of factors that a teacher must consider when using summative assessments.
What are they ✔Correct Answer-:Each summative assessment should target the teacher's
instructional objectives which are based on the approved curriculum.
•When planning a unit or sequence of lessons, the teacher should determine when a summative
assessment is most appropriate and what it should measure.
•The teacher should create the assessment before beginning instruction for that unit of learning.
Creating the assessment first provides a more unbiased assessment of the students' knowledge.
When a teacher creates a test after the instruction, it is sometimes difficult for the teacher to resist
the temptation to de-emphasize a section of the curriculum because the students might not perform
well on that section. As a result, the scores are higher than they should have been and the attention
is not drawn to any areas where the students may need extra help. Another reason to create the
assessment before beginning instruction is to guide the teacher's planning for that unit. This is
particularly helpful in terms of pacing the lesson and determining the depth of coverage.
•Summative assessments should be comprehensive and representative measures of overall
knowledge, skills, and/or performance. They are most accurate when they aggregate data from a
number of different sources. For instance, relying on one test to determine a student's grade for the
year would be unprofessional. A wise teacher amasses data throughout the learning cycle such as
from quizzes, unit tests and competitive performances, to determine the grade for a particular child.