Essentials of Critical Care Nursing
Chapter 3 Respiratory Latest Update
Questions and 100% Verified Answers
• The nurse is reviewing the health history of a patient diagnosed with an
acute lung injury for a cause of the disease process. Which statement
correctly identifies the cause for this type of lung injury?
1. Acute lung injury can be caused indirectly from sepsis, systemic
inflammatory response syndrome, or pancreatitis.
2. Acute lung injury is a single organ dysfunction syndrome that has a
chronic onset.
3. Acute lung injury is caused by few infiltrates on chest radiography.
4. Acute lung injury is caused by right ventricular failure. . Answer:
Correct Answer: 1
• In caring for a brain-injured patient with damage to the cortex, which
changes in respiratory and ventilatory efforts would the nurse expect to
observe?
1. Increased rate of breathing per minute
2. Increased respiratory effort by the use of chest and diaphragm
muscles
3. Decreased voluntary initiation of ventilatory effort
4. Decrease in CO2 in blood analysis . Answer: Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 3: The cerebral cortex regulates voluntary ventilatory effort. In
the patient with injury to the cortex, voluntary initiation of respirations
will decrease.
,• Which arterial blood gas results would indicate the development of
acute lung injury?
1. pH 7.4, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, PaO2 96, HCO3 24 mEq, SaO2 94%
2. pH 7.31, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, PaO2 70 mm Hg, HCO3 20 mEq, SaO2
90%
3. ph 7.49, PaCO2 32 mm Hg, PaO2 75 mm Hg, HCO3 22 mEq, SaO2
90%
4. pH 7.29, PCO2 28 mm Hg, PaO2 97 mm Hg, HCO3, 16 mEq, SaO2
94% . Answer: Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: This would be considered a normal blood gas.
Rationale 2: This would be seen in the proliferative phase of acute lung
injury.
Rationale 3: This blood gas would be seen in the patient who has
tachypnea and has respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia. Type I
hypoxemic failure
Rationale 4: This blood gas would not occur in early acute lung injury.
• When assessing a patient with type I hypoxemic failure, the nurse
would evaluate for which contributing health problem?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect
choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Acute respiratory distress syndrome
2. Asthma
3. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
, 4. Pneumonia
5. Narcotic overdose . Answer: Correct Answer: 1,3,4
Type I Hypoxemic Failure leads to Respiratory Alkalosis initially and
then develops into acidosis. PaO2 is lower than 60 mmHg.
Type I respiratory failure involves low oxygen, and normal or low
carbon dioxide levels. Occurs because of damage to lung tissue
• The nurse is concerned that which patients are at risk for developing
type II hypoxemic hypercapneic failure?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect
choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. A 5-year-old male with a 5-year history of muscular dystrophy
2. A 34-year-old female patient who is 3 days post-op open
cholecystectomy
3. A 24-year-old male newly admitted with possible Guillain-Barré
syndrome
4. A 72-year-old female with kyphosis
5. An 85-year-old patient admitted with aspiration pneumonia . Answer:
Correct Answer: 1,3,4
CO2 increases and so ventilator is very important. In type II, also known
as ventilatory failure, ventilation is the problem, it interferes with the
musculoskeletal or anatomical lung function. This is respiratory
acidosis. PaCO2
Chapter 3 Respiratory Latest Update
Questions and 100% Verified Answers
• The nurse is reviewing the health history of a patient diagnosed with an
acute lung injury for a cause of the disease process. Which statement
correctly identifies the cause for this type of lung injury?
1. Acute lung injury can be caused indirectly from sepsis, systemic
inflammatory response syndrome, or pancreatitis.
2. Acute lung injury is a single organ dysfunction syndrome that has a
chronic onset.
3. Acute lung injury is caused by few infiltrates on chest radiography.
4. Acute lung injury is caused by right ventricular failure. . Answer:
Correct Answer: 1
• In caring for a brain-injured patient with damage to the cortex, which
changes in respiratory and ventilatory efforts would the nurse expect to
observe?
1. Increased rate of breathing per minute
2. Increased respiratory effort by the use of chest and diaphragm
muscles
3. Decreased voluntary initiation of ventilatory effort
4. Decrease in CO2 in blood analysis . Answer: Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 3: The cerebral cortex regulates voluntary ventilatory effort. In
the patient with injury to the cortex, voluntary initiation of respirations
will decrease.
,• Which arterial blood gas results would indicate the development of
acute lung injury?
1. pH 7.4, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, PaO2 96, HCO3 24 mEq, SaO2 94%
2. pH 7.31, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, PaO2 70 mm Hg, HCO3 20 mEq, SaO2
90%
3. ph 7.49, PaCO2 32 mm Hg, PaO2 75 mm Hg, HCO3 22 mEq, SaO2
90%
4. pH 7.29, PCO2 28 mm Hg, PaO2 97 mm Hg, HCO3, 16 mEq, SaO2
94% . Answer: Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: This would be considered a normal blood gas.
Rationale 2: This would be seen in the proliferative phase of acute lung
injury.
Rationale 3: This blood gas would be seen in the patient who has
tachypnea and has respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia. Type I
hypoxemic failure
Rationale 4: This blood gas would not occur in early acute lung injury.
• When assessing a patient with type I hypoxemic failure, the nurse
would evaluate for which contributing health problem?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect
choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Acute respiratory distress syndrome
2. Asthma
3. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
, 4. Pneumonia
5. Narcotic overdose . Answer: Correct Answer: 1,3,4
Type I Hypoxemic Failure leads to Respiratory Alkalosis initially and
then develops into acidosis. PaO2 is lower than 60 mmHg.
Type I respiratory failure involves low oxygen, and normal or low
carbon dioxide levels. Occurs because of damage to lung tissue
• The nurse is concerned that which patients are at risk for developing
type II hypoxemic hypercapneic failure?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect
choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. A 5-year-old male with a 5-year history of muscular dystrophy
2. A 34-year-old female patient who is 3 days post-op open
cholecystectomy
3. A 24-year-old male newly admitted with possible Guillain-Barré
syndrome
4. A 72-year-old female with kyphosis
5. An 85-year-old patient admitted with aspiration pneumonia . Answer:
Correct Answer: 1,3,4
CO2 increases and so ventilator is very important. In type II, also known
as ventilatory failure, ventilation is the problem, it interferes with the
musculoskeletal or anatomical lung function. This is respiratory
acidosis. PaCO2
