PSYC 2001 Midterm exam with verified detailed solutions || || || || || || ||
Earthing - ✔✔when your body comes in direct contact with the earth it may mellow you out
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Why don't we trust testimonials - ✔✔-The sample size of the study is 1 person
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
-Cannot determine cause || ||
-Multiple alternative explanations are available || || || ||
Examples of Testimonials - ✔✔diets, herbal remedies, naturopathic treatments, self-help
|| || || || || || || || ||
Producer Role - ✔✔Hope to get a job studying brain anatomy, observing the behaviour of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pigeons or monkeys, administering personality questionaries, observing children in a school
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
setting, or analyzing data || || ||
Consumer role - ✔✔do not want to work in a lab, but they enjoy reading about the structure of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
brain, the behaviour of pigeons or monkeys, the personalities of their fellow students, or the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
behaviour of children in a school setting || || || || || ||
Interested in reading research about research, so they can later apply it to their work, hobbies,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
relationships and personal growth || || ||
Jobs such as:
|| ||
Family therapists, teachers, entrepreneurs, guidance counsellors or police officers
|| || || || || || || ||
Why is producer role important - ✔✔Learn how to randomly assign people to groups
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
How to measure attitudes accurately
|| || || ||
how to interpret results from a graph
|| || || || || ||
Get involved in labs
|| || ||
Code behaviours ||
Assign participants to different groups
|| || || ||
,Graph outcomes ||
Write reports ||
Why is consumer role important - ✔✔Read studies effectively
|| || || || || || || ||
Interpret published information with a critical eye
|| || || || || ||
Similarities between consumer and producer - ✔✔Require a curiosity about behaviour, emotion,
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
and cognition
||
Share a desire to ask, answer, and communicate interesting questions
|| || || || || || || || ||
Answer psychology questions with direct, formal observations, and to communicate with others
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
about what they have learned
|| || || ||
evidence based treatment - ✔✔therapies that are supported by research
|| || || || || || || || ||
Facilitated Communication - ✔✔Not an evidence based treatment || || || || || || ||
Empiricism - ✔✔Using evidence from the senses (sight, hearing, touch) or from instruments that
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
assists the senses (thermometers, time, scales, questionnaires)
|| || || || || ||
Empiricists - ✔✔Are Systematic, || || ||
Rigorous,
Subject their work to other scientist to be verified,
|| || || || || || || ||
Scientist test theories: The theory data cycle - ✔✔Collect data to test, change, or update a theory
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
important in research and everyday life || || || || ||
Cupboard theory - ✔✔the baby monkey would cling to wire mom, the mother is valuable to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
baby mammal because she is a source of food, the baby gets hungry, get food from the mother by
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
, nursing and experiences a pleasant feeling, eventually the baby likes the look of the mother
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
because they associate her with food || || || || ||
Comfort theory - ✔✔monkey would cling to soft mom, hunger has little to do with why a baby
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
monkey likes to cling to the warm, fuzzy fur of its mother. babies are attache to their mothers
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
because of the comfort of cozy touch || || || || || ||
Cupboard theory vs comfort theory - ✔✔Conclusion the baby monkey spent most of the day with
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the fuzzy monkey but when hungry they would leave to get food from other mother and then
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
return to snuggle with the fuzzy mother
|| || || || || ||
A Theory - ✔✔Ideas about how variables relate to one another
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Everyday Theories (common sense theories) - ✔✔When you get sick you find vitamin c helps
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cure you so you drink lots of orange juice
|| || || || || || || ||
Formal Theories - ✔✔Theories that have been really well thought out
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Broaden and Build theory || || ||
Theory why happiness is good from an evolutionary standpoint
|| || || || || || || ||
Positive emotions can make you see more (Broaden) and be more creative (Build)
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Good Theories - ✔✔Supported by lots of data
|| || || || || || ||
It is falsifiable (testable hypotheses)
|| || || ||
Parsimony=Occam's Razor (Simplicity) || ||
Choose the simplest theory prediction || || || ||
Don't prove anything (weight of evidence)
|| || || || ||
Bad Theories - ✔✔You get goosebumps because a ghost just entered the room
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
It is not falsifiable (no way to actually test if there is a ghost in the room)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Earthing - ✔✔when your body comes in direct contact with the earth it may mellow you out
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
Why don't we trust testimonials - ✔✔-The sample size of the study is 1 person
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
-Cannot determine cause || ||
-Multiple alternative explanations are available || || || ||
Examples of Testimonials - ✔✔diets, herbal remedies, naturopathic treatments, self-help
|| || || || || || || || ||
Producer Role - ✔✔Hope to get a job studying brain anatomy, observing the behaviour of
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
pigeons or monkeys, administering personality questionaries, observing children in a school
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
setting, or analyzing data || || ||
Consumer role - ✔✔do not want to work in a lab, but they enjoy reading about the structure of the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
brain, the behaviour of pigeons or monkeys, the personalities of their fellow students, or the
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
behaviour of children in a school setting || || || || || ||
Interested in reading research about research, so they can later apply it to their work, hobbies,
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
relationships and personal growth || || ||
Jobs such as:
|| ||
Family therapists, teachers, entrepreneurs, guidance counsellors or police officers
|| || || || || || || ||
Why is producer role important - ✔✔Learn how to randomly assign people to groups
|| || || || || || || || || || || || ||
How to measure attitudes accurately
|| || || ||
how to interpret results from a graph
|| || || || || ||
Get involved in labs
|| || ||
Code behaviours ||
Assign participants to different groups
|| || || ||
,Graph outcomes ||
Write reports ||
Why is consumer role important - ✔✔Read studies effectively
|| || || || || || || ||
Interpret published information with a critical eye
|| || || || || ||
Similarities between consumer and producer - ✔✔Require a curiosity about behaviour, emotion,
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
and cognition
||
Share a desire to ask, answer, and communicate interesting questions
|| || || || || || || || ||
Answer psychology questions with direct, formal observations, and to communicate with others
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
about what they have learned
|| || || ||
evidence based treatment - ✔✔therapies that are supported by research
|| || || || || || || || ||
Facilitated Communication - ✔✔Not an evidence based treatment || || || || || || ||
Empiricism - ✔✔Using evidence from the senses (sight, hearing, touch) or from instruments that
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
assists the senses (thermometers, time, scales, questionnaires)
|| || || || || ||
Empiricists - ✔✔Are Systematic, || || ||
Rigorous,
Subject their work to other scientist to be verified,
|| || || || || || || ||
Scientist test theories: The theory data cycle - ✔✔Collect data to test, change, or update a theory
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
important in research and everyday life || || || || ||
Cupboard theory - ✔✔the baby monkey would cling to wire mom, the mother is valuable to a
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
baby mammal because she is a source of food, the baby gets hungry, get food from the mother by
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
, nursing and experiences a pleasant feeling, eventually the baby likes the look of the mother
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
because they associate her with food || || || || ||
Comfort theory - ✔✔monkey would cling to soft mom, hunger has little to do with why a baby
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
monkey likes to cling to the warm, fuzzy fur of its mother. babies are attache to their mothers
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
because of the comfort of cozy touch || || || || || ||
Cupboard theory vs comfort theory - ✔✔Conclusion the baby monkey spent most of the day with
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
the fuzzy monkey but when hungry they would leave to get food from other mother and then
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
return to snuggle with the fuzzy mother
|| || || || || ||
A Theory - ✔✔Ideas about how variables relate to one another
|| || || || || || || || || ||
Everyday Theories (common sense theories) - ✔✔When you get sick you find vitamin c helps
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
cure you so you drink lots of orange juice
|| || || || || || || ||
Formal Theories - ✔✔Theories that have been really well thought out
|| || || || || || || || || || ||
Broaden and Build theory || || ||
Theory why happiness is good from an evolutionary standpoint
|| || || || || || || ||
Positive emotions can make you see more (Broaden) and be more creative (Build)
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
Good Theories - ✔✔Supported by lots of data
|| || || || || || ||
It is falsifiable (testable hypotheses)
|| || || ||
Parsimony=Occam's Razor (Simplicity) || ||
Choose the simplest theory prediction || || || ||
Don't prove anything (weight of evidence)
|| || || || ||
Bad Theories - ✔✔You get goosebumps because a ghost just entered the room
|| || || || || || || || || || || ||
It is not falsifiable (no way to actually test if there is a ghost in the room)
|| || || || || || || || || || || || || || || ||
