NMNC 1110 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

NMNC 1110 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 At the end of your training session on your clinic's new EHR, you are handed a two-sided laminated card titled "Quick Start Guide." It provides step-by-step instructions for basic tasks such as entering orders and writing daily notes in the EHR. This is an example of: -Using forcing functions and constraints -Automating carefully -Simplifying -Avoiding reliance on memory - Answers -Avoiding reliance on memory The first time you admit a patient using your health system's new EHR, you see a screen pop up as you are attempting to enter orders. At the top it says, "You must enter orders for DVT (blood clot) prevention before completion of this admission order set. Click here to complete this order." This pop-up box is an example of the use of: -Forcing function -Simplification -Redundancy -A and B (Forcing function AND Simplification) - Answers -Forcing function Which of the following is a basic strategy for minimizing the opportunity for error in a process? -Reducing reliance on technology -Standardizing how the process is completed -Trying harder to perform the process correctly -A and C (Reducing reliance on technology AND Trying harder to perform the process correctly) - Answers -Standardizing how the process is completed Your hospital is implementing an electronic health record (EHR) and is teaching all staff how to use it. As you go through the EHR training, you notice that it takes five clicks to bring up the vital signs for a patient. In the past, when you wanted to see a patient's vital signs, you could simply look at the sheet of paper clipped onto the end of the bed. Which of the following likely needs to be improved about the new process to review vital signs? -It needs to be standardized -It needs to be simplified -It needs redundancies added -It needs to avoid reliance on memory - Answers it needs to be simplified Which of the following is a basic strategy for minimizing the opportunity for error in a process? -The human brain can only remember approximately 22 pieces of information at once. -Completing checklists gives people a sense of accomplishment. -Checklists prompt providers to remember and appreciate the importance of tasks. -None of the above; checklists should not typically be used because they insult the intelligence of providers and staff. - Answers Checklists prompt providers to remember and appreciate the importance of tasks. At the end of a double shift, an experienced nurse with an excellent track record gives a medication to the wrong patient. Based on human factors principles, what would you recommend as the best way to prevent the same error from recurring? -Ensuring staff training is up-to-date -Incentivizing nursing staff to remain vigilant -Improving medication administration processes -A and B (Ensuring staff training is up-to-date AND Incentivizing nursing staff to remain vigilant) - Answers -Improving medication administration processes Human factors is the study of: -Interactions among humans -Interactions between humans and machines -Interactions between humans and the environment -All of the above - Answers all of the above Which of the following is an example of unconscious processing by the brain? -Optical illusions -Skipping a step on a checklist to save time -Mistaking one drug for another because of look-alike packages -A and C (Optical illusions AND Mistaking one drug for another because of look-alike packages) - Answers -A and C (Optical illusions AND Mistaking one drug for another because of look-alike packages) Which of the following factors can increase human risk for error? -Predisposing mental and physiological states (e.g., fatigue, stress, dehydration, hunger, and boredom) -Factors that directly enable decision making (e.g., perception, attention, memory, reasoning, and judgment) -Factors that directly enable decision execution (e.g., communication and being able to carry out the intended action) -All of the above - Answers all of the above You're caring for a patient with diabetes who was admitted to your hospital with an elevated blood glucose level. She is on an insulin pump that is programmed to deliver one unit of insulin per hour through her intravenous (IV) line. How does this technology help make her care safer? -The pump eliminates the need for providers to be involved in her care. -The pump eliminates the possibility of a medication error. -The pump helps automate a complex care process -All of the above - Answers -The pump helps automate a complex care process As a caregiver, which of the following common health IT issues would you be in the best position to help solve? -Incomplete data entries into the computer -Delays due to connectivity issues -Out-of-date software -None of the above - Answers -Incomplete data entries into the computer Which of the following is the best example of using technology to improve safety and prevent errors? -Providing inpatients with electronic tablets so that they can keep in better touch with the outside world -Implementing redundancies, in which providers double-check each other's electronic inputs -Giving nursing assistants electronic tablets to ensure there's no delay in recording patients' vital signs -Switching to an electronic health record (EHR) platform that is of comparable quality but lower cost - Answers -Giving nursing assistants electronic tablets to ensure there's no delay in recording patients' vital signs You enter a medication order in your hospital's EHR, and a warning screen pops up saying that your patient's medication dose should be adjusted based upon her last lab results. However, you know that the patient had a lab draw more recently — recorded at a different clinic and therefore not available in your EHR — that showed different values. When you attempt to move past the warning, the system will not allow you to proceed. What does this block best exemplify? -How technology can be used to make patient care safer -How technology can be used to make care more efficient -How technology that dictates your work — rather than facilitates it — can introduce unintended problems -A and B (How technology can be used to make patient care safer AND How technology can be used to make care more efficient) - Answers -How technology that dictates your work — rather than facilitates it — can introduce unintended problems Which of the following statements about bar-cording systems is true? -They typically offer few benefits and merely promote workarounds. -They can completely prevent medication errors. -They can help providers keeps track of laboratory specimens, identify medications and medical equipment, and identify patients. -B and C (They can completely prevent medication errors AND They can help providers keeps track of laboratory specimens, identify medications and medical equipment, and identify patients.) - Answers -They can help providers keeps track of laboratory specimens, identify medications and medical equipment, and identify patients. culture of safety - Answers an environment that encourages open discussion of mistakes and uses them to improve. As a nurse practitioner in a small, rural urgent care clinic, you believe that your clinic team works well together. Which of the following facts would best support your belief? -Not a single complaint about unprofessional behavior has been filed by clinic members over the past year. -The providers work in rotating shifts and rarely need to transmit information from one shift to the next. -The team routinely takes a moment to discuss the plan and voice concerns before doing a procedure. -All of the above - Answers -The team routinely takes a moment to discuss the plan and voice concerns before doing a procedure. Which of the following is likely to be the most immediate result of building an effective health care team? -Safer care -Elimination of waste in the system -Fewer delays in care -Less costly health care - Answers -Safer care One reason it's critical for caregivers to improve their teams' effectiveness is: -Effective teams reduce the risk of errors by providing a "safety net" for individual caregivers. -Effective teams limit the number of caregivers patients have to speak with, reducing confusion among patients and families. -Effective teams rely less on technology and more on human capabilities, thus leading to better care. -All of the above - Answers -Effective teams reduce the risk of errors by providing a "safety net" for individual caregivers. Critical language - Answers agreed-upon set of terms that indicates to all members of a team that there is a problem, without placing blame or making an accusation. A common example is the phrase "I need a little clarity." closed-loop communication strategies - Answers help ensure no critical information is lost during transitions of care 1. The sender concisely states information to the receiver. 2. The receiver then repeats back what he or she heard. 3. The sender then acknowledges that the repeat back was correct or makes a correction. 4. The process continues until participants verify a shared understanding. Which of the following actions is essential for closed-loop communication? -The sender gives a great deal of detailed information to the receiver, making sure not to leave anything out. -The receiver responds to all information, even if it is only with an "okay" or "uh-huh," to acknowledge that he has heard the sender. -The receiver repeats to the sender what he has heard. -None of the above is essential. - Answers -The receiver repeats to the sender what he has heard. You are a member of an intensive care unit team in a regional hospital. This morning, a patient had an unexpected severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) after being given a penicillin derivative. There was a significant delay in getting the physician involved and beginning treatment for this life-threatening condition. Fortunately, the patient is now stable and does not seem to be experiencing any lasting effects. The unit leaders are trying to figure out what changes they should make to prevent this treatment delay from happening again. Given what you know about the incident, what change would you recommend? -Stop using nursing assistants in the ICU. -Implement the use of critical language in the ICU. -Fire the physician who failed to respond in a timely way. -Implement mandatory debriefings after the team works together on a patient. - Answers -Implement the use of critical language in the ICU. According to US studies, approximately what portion of serious adverse events can be linked to miscommunication between caregivers when patients are transferred or handed over? -5 percent -30 percent -50 percent -80 percent - Answers 80 percent three steps of medication reconciliation - Answers verification (i.e., collecting the list of the patient's medications and dosing information), clarification (i.e., confirming that the list makes sense), and reconciliation (i.e., documenting any changes). A primary care provider (PCP) refers her patient to a specialist for a sleep study. Which of the following steps would represent the END of a closed-loop referral process? (Hint: Think of the nine-step process this lesson recommends). -The patient makes an appointment for the sleep study with the specialist. -The specialist conducts the sleep study, and communicates the results and recommendation to the patient. -The PCP communicates the referral for the sleep study to the specialist. -The PCP discusses the treatment plan with the patient, after communicating about it with the specialist. - Answers -The PCP discusses the treatment plan with the patient, after communicating about it with the specialist. Janice is a nurse on the orthopedics unit. This night, she is caring for five patients, as well as a new admission from the emergency department. While juggling patient care, she calls the on-call resident (house officer) about Mrs. Bernardo, who is in significant pain from a fractured hip. Janice hastily writes down the morphine order from the resident and is then called away when another patient falls out of bed. An hour later, she realizes, to her dismay, that she has not yet given Mrs. Bernardo her pain medication. When she rushes into the room, the patient is crying and asking, "Why won't someone help me?" Janice quickly administers the morphine. When discussing the event a little while later with Mrs. Bernardo, the most appropriate initial comment would be: - "How is your pain?" -"I apologize for the delay in your morphine." -"Pain medication can be very tricky, so we are always careful not to give too much, to - Answers - "How is your pain?" You're a new resident (house officer). At 2:00 AM, you receive a phone call about a patient you are covering who has diabetes. The patient has an elevated blood sugar of 375. You order 12 units of NovoLog (rapid-acting) insulin and ask the nurse to check the sugar again in one hour and call you back. One hour later, the sugar is 280, so you order another 10 units.By 4:00 AM, the patient's sugar is dangerously low at 45. You realize that NovoLog insulin takes two to three hours to reach peak effect. By rechecking the patient's glucose after only one hour and giving more insulin so quickly, you set the patient up for an episode of hypoglycemia. Why is it important to communicate with the patient about this event? -Open sharing of this type of information is necessary if patients are to trust their caregivers. -Open communication with the patient will prevent the same event from happening again. -Open sharing of this ty - Answers Open sharing of this type of information is necessary if patients are to trust their caregivers. If you are responsible for the initial communication with a patient about an error, which of the following should you be sure to do? -Let the patient and family know who is available to help them. -Disguise any feelings of concern or remorse -Explain the exact cause of the error -All of the above - Answers -Let the patient and family know who is available to help them. Latent conditions - Answers defects in the design and organization of processes and systems — things like poor equipment design, inadequate training, or insufficient resources. These errors are often unrecognized, or just become accepted aspects of the work, because their effects are delayed. active failures - Answers errors whose effects are seen and felt immediately: someone pushing an incorrect button, ignoring a warning light, or grabbing the wrong medication. harm - Answers "unintended physical injury resulting from or contributed to by medical care that requires additional monitoring, treatment, or hospitalization, or that results in death." Analyticity - Answers Anticipate how a patient might respond to a treatment Systematicity - Answers Organize assessment on the basis of patient priorities Truth seeking - Answers Be objective in asking questions of a patient. open-mindedness - Answers Be tolerant of the patient's views and beliefs A student nurse is studying clinical judgment theories and is working with Tanner's Model of Clinical Judgment. How can the student nurse best generalize this model? -A reflective process where the nurse notices, interprets, responds, and reflects in action. -One conceptual mechanism for critiquing ideas and establishing goal-oriented care. -Researching best practice literature to create care pathways for certain populations. -Assessing, diagnosing, implementing, and evaluating the nursing care plans. - Answers A reflective process where the nurse notices, interprets, responds, and reflects in action. A home care nurse receives a provider order for a medication that the patient does not want to take because the patient has a history of side effects from this medication. The nurse carefully listens to the patient, considers it in light of the patient's condition, questions its appropriateness, and examines alternative treatments. What is the nurse's best action? -Question other staff as to the provider's acceptance of nursing input. -Hold the drug until the provider asks why it has not been given. -Explain that since the medication is ordered it must be administered. -Call the provider, explain the rationale, and suggest a different medication. - Answers Call the provider, explain the rationale, and suggest a different medication. Which action demonstrates a nurse utilizing reflection to improve clinical decision-making? -Obtains data in an orderly fashion -Uses an objective approach in patient situations -Improves a plan of care while thinking back on the intervention's effectiveness -Provides evidence-based explanations and research for care of assigned patients - Answers -Improves a plan of care while thinking back on the intervention's effectiveness The nurse enters a room to find the patient sitting up in bed crying. How will the nurse display a critical thinking attitude in this situation? -Provide privacy and check on the patient 30 minutes later. -Set a box of tissues at the patient's bedside before leaving the room. -Limit visitors while the patient is upset. -Ask the patient about the crying - Answers Ask the patient about the crying The nurse is using critical thinking skills during the first phase of the nursing process. Which action indicates the nurse is in the first phase? -Completes a comprehensive database -Identifies pertinent nursing diagnoses -Intervenes based on priorities of patient care -Determines whether outcomes have been achieved - Answers Completes a comprehensive database The nurse is gathering data on a patient. Which data will the nurse report as objective data? -States "doesn't feel good" -Reports a headache 5 out of 10 -Respirations 16 -Nauseated - Answers -Respirations 16 After assessing a patient, a nurse develops a standard formal nursing diagnosis. What is the rationale for the nurse's actions? -To form a language that can be encoded only by nurses -To distinguish the nurse's role from the physician's role -To develop clinical judgment based on other's intuition -To help nurses focus on the scope of medical practice - Answers To distinguish the nurse's role from the physician's role The nurse completes a thorough assessment of a patient and analyzes the data to identify nursing diagnoses. Which step will the nurse take next in the nursing process? -Assessment -Diagnosis -Planning -Implementation - Answers Planning Which information indicates a nurse has a good understanding of a goal? -It is a statement describing the patient's accomplishments without a time restriction. -It is a realistic statement predicting any negative responses to treatments. -It is a measurable change in a patient's physical state. -It is a broad statement describing a desired change in a patient's behavior. - Answers It is a broad statement describing a desired change in a patient's behavior. Which action indicates a nurse is using critical thinking for implementation of nursing care to patients? -Determines whether an intervention is correct and appropriate for the given situation -Reads over the steps and performs a procedure despite lack of clinical competency -Establishes goals for a particular patient without assessment -Evaluates the effectiveness of interventions - Answers Determines whether an intervention is correct and appropriate for the given situation A nurse completes a thorough database and carries out nursing interventions based on priority diagnoses. Which action will the nurse take next? -Assessment -Planning -Implementation -Evaluation - Answers Evaluation A new nurse is confused about using evaluative measures when caring for patients and asks the charge nurse for an explanation. Which response by the charge nurse is most accurate? -"Evaluative measures are multiple-page documents used to evaluate nurse performance." -"Evaluative measures include assessment data used to determine whether patients have met their expected outcomes and goals." -"Evaluative measures are used by quality assurance nurses to determine the progress a nurse is making from novice to expert nurse." -"Evaluative measures are objective views for completion of nursing interventions." - Answers "Evaluative measures include assessment data used to determine whether patients have met their expected outcomes and goals." A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates the use of critical thinking skills? -administer an influenza vaccine after asking a client about allergies -check a client's armband before dispensing daily thyroid medication to a client -give a client who has type 1 DM her monitor dose of insulin after checking her blood glucose -Intervene after reviewing arterial blood gas results for a client who is on mechanical ventilation. - Answers Intervene after reviewing arterial blood gas results for a client who is on mechanical ventilation. A nurse is following the steps of the nursing process when caring for a group of clients. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates the evaluation step of the nursing process? -draw a conclusion after noting a client has 4+ pitting edema of the lower extremities and decreased urine output -check and document a client's pain level 30 min after administering pain medication -review the results of blood glucose drawn before a client ate breakfast -administer an antibiotic to a client who has an infected wound - Answers Check and document a client's pain level 30 min after administering pain medication. A nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client who is experiencing pain after surgery. Which of the following components should the nurse identify as part of the planning step of the nursing process? -organize client information -compare client data with outcomes to draw a conclusion -formula client goals for prioritized problem -supervise delegated client care to the assistive personnel - Answers Formulate client goals for prioritized problem. A nurse is implementing priority-based interventions for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse see first? -a client who is saturating dressings with serous drainage every 2 hr -a client who has a cast on a compound fracture and has SaO2 of 88% -a client who has emphysema and is coughing up thick, yellow secretions - a client who has a kidney stone and reports a pain of 8 on the numerical pain scale - Answers -a client who has a cast on a compound fracture and has SaO2 of 88% A nurse is admitting a client who reports increased thirst and fatigue. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the assessment step of the nursing process? -take action to restore the client's health