CLEP American Government Study Guide
Q & As (Verified Answers) 2026
What did Federalist No. 10 argue about factions? - Correct
Answers ✅Factions are inevitable in a free society, but a
large republic can control their effects.
What is the main argument of Brutus No. 1? - Correct
Answers ✅The Constitution gives too much power to the
federal government and threatens liberty.
What does the "Necessary and Proper Clause" allow? -
Correct Answers ✅Congress can pass laws essential to
carrying out its enumerated powers.
What is the difference between enumerated and implied
powers? - Correct Answers ✅Enumerated powers are listed
in the Constitution; implied powers come from the Necessary
and Proper Clause.
What's the significance of McCulloch v. Maryland? - Correct
Answers ✅Upheld federal supremacy and implied powers
(bank tax case).
How does Congress exercise oversight of the bureaucracy? -
Correct Answers ✅Through hearings, investigations, and
budget control.
What's the difference between judicial activism and judicial
restraint? - Correct Answers ✅Activism interprets the
, CLEP American Government Study Guide
Q & As (Verified Answers) 2026
Constitution to reflect modern values; restraint sticks to
original intent.
What is the significance of United States v. Nixon? - Correct
Answers ✅Limited executive privilege — even presidents
must comply with subpoenas.
What is the role of the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB)? - Correct Answers ✅Prepares the federal budget
and oversees agency performance.
What are independent regulatory agencies? - Correct
Answers ✅Agencies like the SEC or FCC that enforce rules
free from political influence.
What is "devolution"? - Correct Answers ✅Returning power
from the federal government to the states.
What was the impact of United States v. Lopez? - Correct
Answers ✅Limited Congress's use of the Commerce Clause
(guns in school zones not "commerce").
What's the difference between categorical and block grants? -
Correct Answers ✅Categorical = specific use +
restrictions; Block = broader use, more state control.
Q & As (Verified Answers) 2026
What did Federalist No. 10 argue about factions? - Correct
Answers ✅Factions are inevitable in a free society, but a
large republic can control their effects.
What is the main argument of Brutus No. 1? - Correct
Answers ✅The Constitution gives too much power to the
federal government and threatens liberty.
What does the "Necessary and Proper Clause" allow? -
Correct Answers ✅Congress can pass laws essential to
carrying out its enumerated powers.
What is the difference between enumerated and implied
powers? - Correct Answers ✅Enumerated powers are listed
in the Constitution; implied powers come from the Necessary
and Proper Clause.
What's the significance of McCulloch v. Maryland? - Correct
Answers ✅Upheld federal supremacy and implied powers
(bank tax case).
How does Congress exercise oversight of the bureaucracy? -
Correct Answers ✅Through hearings, investigations, and
budget control.
What's the difference between judicial activism and judicial
restraint? - Correct Answers ✅Activism interprets the
, CLEP American Government Study Guide
Q & As (Verified Answers) 2026
Constitution to reflect modern values; restraint sticks to
original intent.
What is the significance of United States v. Nixon? - Correct
Answers ✅Limited executive privilege — even presidents
must comply with subpoenas.
What is the role of the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB)? - Correct Answers ✅Prepares the federal budget
and oversees agency performance.
What are independent regulatory agencies? - Correct
Answers ✅Agencies like the SEC or FCC that enforce rules
free from political influence.
What is "devolution"? - Correct Answers ✅Returning power
from the federal government to the states.
What was the impact of United States v. Lopez? - Correct
Answers ✅Limited Congress's use of the Commerce Clause
(guns in school zones not "commerce").
What's the difference between categorical and block grants? -
Correct Answers ✅Categorical = specific use +
restrictions; Block = broader use, more state control.
