Galen College NUR 253 Advanced Med-Surg Exam 2 |
Real Questions & Accurate Answers | Latest 2026 Nursing
Exam Prep
1. If a patient with Pheochromocytoma experiences a hypertensive crisis, what
immediate nursing intervention should be prioritized?
Administer antihypertensive medication
Initiate insulin therapy
Provide a high-sugar snack
Encourage deep breathing exercises
2. What important considerations would the nurse make when teaching and
caring for a newly diagnosed client with diabetes mellitus?
Involving the client in the development of the teaching plan and
encouraging questions and active participation
Allowing the client to develop the teaching plan and assess readiness
to learn about different aspects of the disease
Informing the client about complications that could occur if the client
is noncompliant
Having the client work closely with a peer who has diabetes to learn
about the condition and control
3. With reference to the negative feedback system shown in the figure below,
which of the following descriptions best describes the receptors used to
detect decreases in blood calcium concentrations (marked A in the figure)?
, Neurons in the hypothalamus detect lower Ca+2 levels
Thyroid gland cells detect lower Ca+2 levels
Parathyroid gland cells detect lower Ca+2 levels
Osteoclasts detect lower Ca+2 levels
PTH gene detects lower Ca+2 levels
4. Describe how hypothyroidism can affect cardiovascular health and
necessitate the use of cardiac medications.
Hypothyroidism causes hypertension, necessitating diuretics.
Hypothyroidism can lead to bradycardia and increased cholesterol
levels, which may require cardiac medications for management.
Hypothyroidism has no impact on cardiovascular health.
Hypothyroidism only affects metabolic rate, not heart function.
5. What is another clinical sign that indicates hypocalcemia aside from
Chvostek's sign?
Babinski's sign
, Moro reflex
Hoffman's sign
Trousseau's sign
6. What is one potential effect of stress on the endocrine system?
It can cure endocrine disorders.
It can exacerbate endocrine disorders.
It has no effect on endocrine disorders.
It only affects the digestive system.
7. Describe the role of insulin therapy in the management of diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA).
Insulin therapy helps to lower blood glucose levels and suppress
ketone production.
Insulin therapy has no effect on blood glucose levels.
Insulin therapy is only used in type 1 diabetes.
Insulin therapy increases ketone production and raises blood glucose
levels.
8. If a patient presents with symptoms of hypocalcemia, which gland's function
should be evaluated and why?
The adrenal gland, because it regulates stress hormones.
The pituitary gland, because it regulates growth hormones.
The thyroid gland, because it regulates metabolism.
The parathyroid gland, because it regulates calcium levels in the
body.
, 9. Describe the relationship between hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's
thyroiditis.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder that leads to
hypothyroidism by damaging the thyroid gland.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis has no relation to thyroid function.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a type of diabetes affecting insulin
production.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a condition that causes excessive thyroid
hormone production.
10. Describe how SIADH affects fluid balance in the body.
SIADH increases sodium levels in the blood.
SIADH has no effect on fluid balance.
SIADH results in excessive urination and dehydration.
SIADH causes the body to retain water, leading to dilutional
hyponatremia.
11. If a patient presents with a positive Chvostek's sign, what immediate nursing
intervention should be prioritized?
Increase the patient's fluid intake
Monitor blood glucose levels
Administer calcium supplements
Provide insulin therapy
Real Questions & Accurate Answers | Latest 2026 Nursing
Exam Prep
1. If a patient with Pheochromocytoma experiences a hypertensive crisis, what
immediate nursing intervention should be prioritized?
Administer antihypertensive medication
Initiate insulin therapy
Provide a high-sugar snack
Encourage deep breathing exercises
2. What important considerations would the nurse make when teaching and
caring for a newly diagnosed client with diabetes mellitus?
Involving the client in the development of the teaching plan and
encouraging questions and active participation
Allowing the client to develop the teaching plan and assess readiness
to learn about different aspects of the disease
Informing the client about complications that could occur if the client
is noncompliant
Having the client work closely with a peer who has diabetes to learn
about the condition and control
3. With reference to the negative feedback system shown in the figure below,
which of the following descriptions best describes the receptors used to
detect decreases in blood calcium concentrations (marked A in the figure)?
, Neurons in the hypothalamus detect lower Ca+2 levels
Thyroid gland cells detect lower Ca+2 levels
Parathyroid gland cells detect lower Ca+2 levels
Osteoclasts detect lower Ca+2 levels
PTH gene detects lower Ca+2 levels
4. Describe how hypothyroidism can affect cardiovascular health and
necessitate the use of cardiac medications.
Hypothyroidism causes hypertension, necessitating diuretics.
Hypothyroidism can lead to bradycardia and increased cholesterol
levels, which may require cardiac medications for management.
Hypothyroidism has no impact on cardiovascular health.
Hypothyroidism only affects metabolic rate, not heart function.
5. What is another clinical sign that indicates hypocalcemia aside from
Chvostek's sign?
Babinski's sign
, Moro reflex
Hoffman's sign
Trousseau's sign
6. What is one potential effect of stress on the endocrine system?
It can cure endocrine disorders.
It can exacerbate endocrine disorders.
It has no effect on endocrine disorders.
It only affects the digestive system.
7. Describe the role of insulin therapy in the management of diabetic
ketoacidosis (DKA).
Insulin therapy helps to lower blood glucose levels and suppress
ketone production.
Insulin therapy has no effect on blood glucose levels.
Insulin therapy is only used in type 1 diabetes.
Insulin therapy increases ketone production and raises blood glucose
levels.
8. If a patient presents with symptoms of hypocalcemia, which gland's function
should be evaluated and why?
The adrenal gland, because it regulates stress hormones.
The pituitary gland, because it regulates growth hormones.
The thyroid gland, because it regulates metabolism.
The parathyroid gland, because it regulates calcium levels in the
body.
, 9. Describe the relationship between hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's
thyroiditis.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder that leads to
hypothyroidism by damaging the thyroid gland.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis has no relation to thyroid function.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a type of diabetes affecting insulin
production.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a condition that causes excessive thyroid
hormone production.
10. Describe how SIADH affects fluid balance in the body.
SIADH increases sodium levels in the blood.
SIADH has no effect on fluid balance.
SIADH results in excessive urination and dehydration.
SIADH causes the body to retain water, leading to dilutional
hyponatremia.
11. If a patient presents with a positive Chvostek's sign, what immediate nursing
intervention should be prioritized?
Increase the patient's fluid intake
Monitor blood glucose levels
Administer calcium supplements
Provide insulin therapy
