Bouguer's Law
- light transmitted / original light
-when more light is absorbed, there is naturally less light that is being transmitted
Give this one a try later!
percent transmittance (%T)
hemoglobin A1c can be used to estimate the average fasting glucose
-6% = ~126 mg/dL
-7.5%= ~169 mg/dL
-10%= ~240 mg/dL
Give this one a try later!
, estimated average glucose (eAG)
once glucose is taken up into cells, it will be used in 3 different pathways
-converts to glycogen (stored via glycogenesis)
-glycolytic pathway (undergoes glycolysis)
-hexose monophoshphate pathway
-all pathways begin with using hexokinase (uses ATP) to convert glucose to glucose-
6-phosphate
Give this one a try later!
glucose metabolism pathways
usually performed with dipstick
-random test should be less than 30 mg/dL
-24 hour collection should be under 500 mg/dL
Give this one a try later!
urine glucose measurement
a material that is treated the same as a patient specimen (incubated the same way,
etc.), and gets measured/ analyzed along with patient sample to ensure that the
instrument is precise and accurate
-the material has a specific mean, SD and CV (reference ranges) and is run with a
patient sample in order to assure that the test machinery is working properly
-most tests will have 2 materials associated with them (normal and one outside of
normal range)
-some tests can have 3 controls (low, normal and high)
,-material has the same matrix (chemical and physical characteristics) as patient
sample
Give this one a try later!
quality control material
produces light in spectrophotometer, will be chosen based on what wavelength is
needed
-tungsten: visible to infrared wavelengths produced (360 to 1000 nm), produces a lot
of heat (can "cook" analyte and increase concentration falsely)
-deuterium: ultraviolet wavelengths (less than 360 nm)
-LASER: allows the production of light with VERY narrow spectral width (very specific
wavelengths)
Give this one a try later!
light source
preferred method for hemoglobin A1c
-normal hemoglobin is not attracted to tube, comes out in early fraction
-hemoglobin A1c with extra sugar is attracted to tube and comes out in late fraction
-not temperature dependent, takes 15 minutes, no reaction interference with non-
glycated hemoglobins
Give this one a try later!
affinity chromatography (HbA1c)
, how close a measured result is to the "desired" or "true" result
-was the measured result close to the acceptable value
Give this one a try later!
accuracy
the portion of the electromagentic spectrum which produces wavelegnths that can
be seen by the naked eye
-red: longest wavelegnth, lowest energy
-violet: shortest wavelength, highest energy
Give this one a try later!
visible spectrum
-wavelegnth calibration
-stray light: keeping outside light out
-linearity: calibration curve is provided by manufacturer and is used to compare
patient results to and use absorbance values to equate to concentration of the
samples
Give this one a try later!
spectrophotometer quality assurance
- light transmitted / original light
-when more light is absorbed, there is naturally less light that is being transmitted
Give this one a try later!
percent transmittance (%T)
hemoglobin A1c can be used to estimate the average fasting glucose
-6% = ~126 mg/dL
-7.5%= ~169 mg/dL
-10%= ~240 mg/dL
Give this one a try later!
, estimated average glucose (eAG)
once glucose is taken up into cells, it will be used in 3 different pathways
-converts to glycogen (stored via glycogenesis)
-glycolytic pathway (undergoes glycolysis)
-hexose monophoshphate pathway
-all pathways begin with using hexokinase (uses ATP) to convert glucose to glucose-
6-phosphate
Give this one a try later!
glucose metabolism pathways
usually performed with dipstick
-random test should be less than 30 mg/dL
-24 hour collection should be under 500 mg/dL
Give this one a try later!
urine glucose measurement
a material that is treated the same as a patient specimen (incubated the same way,
etc.), and gets measured/ analyzed along with patient sample to ensure that the
instrument is precise and accurate
-the material has a specific mean, SD and CV (reference ranges) and is run with a
patient sample in order to assure that the test machinery is working properly
-most tests will have 2 materials associated with them (normal and one outside of
normal range)
-some tests can have 3 controls (low, normal and high)
,-material has the same matrix (chemical and physical characteristics) as patient
sample
Give this one a try later!
quality control material
produces light in spectrophotometer, will be chosen based on what wavelength is
needed
-tungsten: visible to infrared wavelengths produced (360 to 1000 nm), produces a lot
of heat (can "cook" analyte and increase concentration falsely)
-deuterium: ultraviolet wavelengths (less than 360 nm)
-LASER: allows the production of light with VERY narrow spectral width (very specific
wavelengths)
Give this one a try later!
light source
preferred method for hemoglobin A1c
-normal hemoglobin is not attracted to tube, comes out in early fraction
-hemoglobin A1c with extra sugar is attracted to tube and comes out in late fraction
-not temperature dependent, takes 15 minutes, no reaction interference with non-
glycated hemoglobins
Give this one a try later!
affinity chromatography (HbA1c)
, how close a measured result is to the "desired" or "true" result
-was the measured result close to the acceptable value
Give this one a try later!
accuracy
the portion of the electromagentic spectrum which produces wavelegnths that can
be seen by the naked eye
-red: longest wavelegnth, lowest energy
-violet: shortest wavelength, highest energy
Give this one a try later!
visible spectrum
-wavelegnth calibration
-stray light: keeping outside light out
-linearity: calibration curve is provided by manufacturer and is used to compare
patient results to and use absorbance values to equate to concentration of the
samples
Give this one a try later!
spectrophotometer quality assurance
