NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm
Exam With Complete Questions And Correct
Detailed Answers| Brand New Version! Grade
A+
What does smooth muscle hypertrophy do in lungs? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>causes increased bronchoconstriction
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of goblet cells do what in the bronchial -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>promotes hypersecretion of mucus
What are characteristics of epithelial cell metaplasia? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>squamous cells become nonpiliated and are less protective; allow passage of
toxins and WBCs
,secretion (kidney) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>movement of solutes from blood to
filtrate anywhere besides bowman's capsule
able to secrete salts, acids, bases and urea directly into the tubule via *active or
passive transport*
what is secreted into the tubule depends on what the body needs at that time
ex. eating a lot of protein
nitrogen waste is a product of protein metabolism (ammonia)
liver converts ammonia to urea and the kidneys secreted urea into the tubule for
secretion
also possible to eliminate products that are in excess in the blood
-- potassium, hydrogen, metabolites or medications
can secrete things that were too larger to fit through the glomerulus's pore
filtration (kidney) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>movement of solutes from blood to
filtrate at bowman's capsule
20% of the blood that goes through the glomerulus is passed as filtrate into the
bowman's capsule
depends on the hydrostatic and oncotic pressures/ starling forces between the
glomerulus and bowman's capsule
, hydrostatic pressure: a lot higher in the glomerulus (move into the
nephron/bowman's capsule)
oncotic pressure: higher in the blood/glomerulus than in the bowman's capsule
(move into the blood/glomerulus)
hydrostatic pressure is greater so there will be movement into bowman's capsule
usually favors the filtrate to go into the bowman's capsule
each persons full body is filtered about every 40 minutes
Conditions associated with renal failure - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>- congenital
abnormalities in the urethral tract development
- kidney and bladder cancer
- infections
- glomerulonephritis
- acute/ tubular necrosis
- AKI
vesicoureteral reflux - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>Abnormal ureter-bladder
connection allowing retrograde flow of urine from bladder to ureters and/or
kidneys
Exam With Complete Questions And Correct
Detailed Answers| Brand New Version! Grade
A+
What does smooth muscle hypertrophy do in lungs? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>causes increased bronchoconstriction
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of goblet cells do what in the bronchial -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>promotes hypersecretion of mucus
What are characteristics of epithelial cell metaplasia? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
>>squamous cells become nonpiliated and are less protective; allow passage of
toxins and WBCs
,secretion (kidney) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>movement of solutes from blood to
filtrate anywhere besides bowman's capsule
able to secrete salts, acids, bases and urea directly into the tubule via *active or
passive transport*
what is secreted into the tubule depends on what the body needs at that time
ex. eating a lot of protein
nitrogen waste is a product of protein metabolism (ammonia)
liver converts ammonia to urea and the kidneys secreted urea into the tubule for
secretion
also possible to eliminate products that are in excess in the blood
-- potassium, hydrogen, metabolites or medications
can secrete things that were too larger to fit through the glomerulus's pore
filtration (kidney) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>movement of solutes from blood to
filtrate at bowman's capsule
20% of the blood that goes through the glomerulus is passed as filtrate into the
bowman's capsule
depends on the hydrostatic and oncotic pressures/ starling forces between the
glomerulus and bowman's capsule
, hydrostatic pressure: a lot higher in the glomerulus (move into the
nephron/bowman's capsule)
oncotic pressure: higher in the blood/glomerulus than in the bowman's capsule
(move into the blood/glomerulus)
hydrostatic pressure is greater so there will be movement into bowman's capsule
usually favors the filtrate to go into the bowman's capsule
each persons full body is filtered about every 40 minutes
Conditions associated with renal failure - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>- congenital
abnormalities in the urethral tract development
- kidney and bladder cancer
- infections
- glomerulonephritis
- acute/ tubular necrosis
- AKI
vesicoureteral reflux - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔->>Abnormal ureter-bladder
connection allowing retrograde flow of urine from bladder to ureters and/or
kidneys
