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CORE DOMAINS
1. Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
2. Electrophysiology and Conduction System
3. EKG Waveform Interpretation
4. Cardiac Rhythms and Dysrhythmias
5. EKG Equipment and Lead Placement
6. Clinical Applications and Patient Assessment
7. Emergency Recognition and Response
8. Legal, Ethical, and Professional Standards
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction ........................................ 1
2. Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology ............ 2
, 3. Electrophysiology and Conduction .......... 3
4. EKG Waveform Interpretation ............... 4
5. Cardiac Rhythms and Dysrhythmias ......... 5
6. EKG Equipment and Lead Placement ........ 6
7. Clinical Applications ......................... 7
8. Emergency Recognition ...................... 8
9. Legal and Ethical Standards ................. 9
10. Answer Key Summary ....................... 10
INTRODUCTION
This assessment is designed to evaluate competency in electrocardiography as required
for professional certification. It measures knowledge of cardiac anatomy, electrical
conduction, waveform interpretation, and recognition of normal and abnormal rhythms.
The exam incorporates both foundational concepts and applied clinical scenarios to assess
real-world decision-making. Questions are presented in a multiple-choice format,
requiring candidates to analyze patient data, identify abnormalities, and apply appropriate
clinical responses. Emphasis is placed on accuracy, safety, ethical practice, and adherence
to professional standards expected in healthcare environments.
,SECTION 1: QUESTIONS 1–35
1. Which structure is known as the heart’s natural pacemaker?
A. AV node
🔴 B. SA node
C. Bundle of His
D. Purkinje fibers
🔵 Explanation: The sinoatrial (SA) node initiates electrical impulses and sets the heart
rate.
2. What does the P wave represent?
A. Ventricular depolarization
🔴 B. Atrial depolarization
C. Atrial repolarization
D. Ventricular repolarization
🔵 Explanation: The P wave reflects atrial depolarization prior to contraction.
3. A normal PR interval duration is:
A. 0.04–0.10 seconds
🔴 B. 0.12–0.20 seconds
C. 0.20–0.30 seconds
D. 0.30–0.40 seconds
🔵 Explanation: The PR interval normally ranges from 0.12 to 0.20 seconds.
, 4. Which rhythm is characterized by a regular rate and normal P waves?
🔴 A. Normal sinus rhythm
B. Atrial fibrillation
C. Ventricular tachycardia
D. Asystole
🔵 Explanation: Normal sinus rhythm has consistent P waves and regular intervals.
5. What does the QRS complex represent?
A. Atrial contraction
B. Ventricular relaxation
🔴 C. Ventricular depolarization
D. Atrial repolarization
🔵 Explanation: The QRS complex reflects electrical activation of the ventricles.
6. Which condition shows no identifiable P waves and an irregular rhythm?
A. Sinus tachycardia
🔴 B. Atrial fibrillation
C. First-degree AV block
D. Ventricular fibrillation
🔵 Explanation: Atrial fibrillation produces chaotic atrial activity with no clear P waves.
7. What is the standard paper speed for EKG recording?
A. 10 mm/sec
B. 15 mm/sec