ADULT PRACTICE QUESTIONS EXAM 1 WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1. A 71 year old woman is diagnosed with diabetes. What does
the nurse recognize about the management of diabetes in the
older adult?
A. It is more difficulty to achieve strict glucose control than in
younger patients
B. It usually is not treated unless the patient becomes severely
hyperglycemic
C. It does not include treatment with insulin because of limited
dexterity and vision
D. It usually requires a younger family member to be
responsible for the care of the patient Correct Answers A. It is
more difficulty to achieve strict glucose control than in younger
patients
1. A diabetic patient is found unconscious at home but is
breathing and has a pulse, a family member calls the clinic.
After determining that a glucometer is not available what should
the nurse advise the family member to do?
A. Have the patient drink some orange juice
B. Administer 10 Units of regular insulin SQ
C. Call for an ambulance to transport the patient to the medical
facility
D. Administer 1mg of glucagon IM Correct Answers D.
Administer 1mg of glucagon IM
1. The nurse should observe the patient for symptoms of
Diabetic Ketoacidosis when:
,A. Illness causing nausea and vomiting lead to bicarbonate loss
with body fluids
B. Glucose levels become so high that osmotic diuresis
promotes fluid and electrolyte loss
C. An insulin deficit causes the body to metabolize large
amounts of fatty acids rather than glucose for energy
D. The patient skips meals after taking insulin, leading to rapid
metabolism of glucose and breakdown of fats for energy Correct
Answers C. An insulin deficit causes the body to metabolize
large amounts of fatty acids rather than glucose for energy
1. The patient with diabetes has a blood glucose of 246mg/dL.
Which manifestation would the nurse understand as being
related to the blood glucose level (Select all that apply)?
A. Headache
B. Unsteady gait
C. Abdominal Cramps
D. Emotional changes
E. Increased urination
F. Weakness and fatigue Correct Answers A. Headache
C. Abdominal Cramps
E. Increased urination
F. Weakness and fatigue
A 45-year-old woman with a BMI for 35 kg/m2 and with a
history of gestational diabetes reports increased thirst, frequent
urination, and fatigue. Which type of diabetes would be included
in a teaching plan for this patient?
A. Prediabetes
B. Idiopathic diabetes
C. Adult-onset diabetes
,D. Juvenile-onset diabetes Correct Answers C. Adult-onset
diabetes
A 68-year-old male scheduled for a herniorrhaphy at an
ambulatory surgical center expresses concern that he will not
have enough care at home and asks if he can stay in the hospital
after the surgery. The best response by the nurse is
A. "Who is available to help you at home after the surgery?"
B. "I'm sure you will be able to manage at home after surgery. It
is a simple procedure."
C. "We will teach you everything you need to know to be able to
care for yourself after surgery."
D. "Your health insurance will pay for inpatient care only if
complications develop during surgery." Correct Answers A.
"Who is available to help you at home after the surgery?"
A female patient's medication is being changed from patient-
controlled analgesia with meperidine to morphine sulfate after
the patient experiences restlessness and agitation. The patient's
daughter asks why the change has been made. Which response
by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Your mother is experiencing side effects of meperidine
B. Hypoxia has developed as a result of her low respiratory rate
C. Meperidine can only be used for the first 24 hours after her
surgery
D. Your mother's respiratory rate has dropped too low, affecting
her mental status. Correct Answers A. Your mother is
experiencing side effects of meperidine
A nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students about
the sequences of physiologic processes that result in pain. Which
, information about the chemicals such as hydrogen ion and
substance P would the nurse include?
A. "They increase the sensitivity of the neurons of the
thalamus."
B. "They stimulate the nociceptors through the process of
transduction."
C. "They inhibit pain by acting on the anterior horn cells of the
spinal cord."
D. "They inhibit the pain signal by binding to GABA receptors."
Correct Answers B. "They stimulate the nociceptors through the
process of transduction."
A nurse has applied a transdermal fentanyl patch to a pt with
bone cancer. The drug is expected to provide pain relief for 72
hours. The pt reports severe pain after 2 days. Which action
would the nurse take?
A. administer IV morphine
B. provide no further treatment
C. administer higher dosage of fentanyl
D. instruct the pt to avoid activity that causes pain Correct
Answers C. administer higher dosage of fentanyl
end of dose failure = need for change in dose or scheduling
A nurse in a postanesthesia care unit (PACU) assesses a patient
with a history of asthma and finds the patient tachypneic,
wheezing, and with reduced oxygen saturation. Which action
will the nurse take to prevent further pulmonary complications?
A. Administer bronchodilators
B. Provide incentive spirometry
C. Encourage chest physical therapy
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
1. A 71 year old woman is diagnosed with diabetes. What does
the nurse recognize about the management of diabetes in the
older adult?
A. It is more difficulty to achieve strict glucose control than in
younger patients
B. It usually is not treated unless the patient becomes severely
hyperglycemic
C. It does not include treatment with insulin because of limited
dexterity and vision
D. It usually requires a younger family member to be
responsible for the care of the patient Correct Answers A. It is
more difficulty to achieve strict glucose control than in younger
patients
1. A diabetic patient is found unconscious at home but is
breathing and has a pulse, a family member calls the clinic.
After determining that a glucometer is not available what should
the nurse advise the family member to do?
A. Have the patient drink some orange juice
B. Administer 10 Units of regular insulin SQ
C. Call for an ambulance to transport the patient to the medical
facility
D. Administer 1mg of glucagon IM Correct Answers D.
Administer 1mg of glucagon IM
1. The nurse should observe the patient for symptoms of
Diabetic Ketoacidosis when:
,A. Illness causing nausea and vomiting lead to bicarbonate loss
with body fluids
B. Glucose levels become so high that osmotic diuresis
promotes fluid and electrolyte loss
C. An insulin deficit causes the body to metabolize large
amounts of fatty acids rather than glucose for energy
D. The patient skips meals after taking insulin, leading to rapid
metabolism of glucose and breakdown of fats for energy Correct
Answers C. An insulin deficit causes the body to metabolize
large amounts of fatty acids rather than glucose for energy
1. The patient with diabetes has a blood glucose of 246mg/dL.
Which manifestation would the nurse understand as being
related to the blood glucose level (Select all that apply)?
A. Headache
B. Unsteady gait
C. Abdominal Cramps
D. Emotional changes
E. Increased urination
F. Weakness and fatigue Correct Answers A. Headache
C. Abdominal Cramps
E. Increased urination
F. Weakness and fatigue
A 45-year-old woman with a BMI for 35 kg/m2 and with a
history of gestational diabetes reports increased thirst, frequent
urination, and fatigue. Which type of diabetes would be included
in a teaching plan for this patient?
A. Prediabetes
B. Idiopathic diabetes
C. Adult-onset diabetes
,D. Juvenile-onset diabetes Correct Answers C. Adult-onset
diabetes
A 68-year-old male scheduled for a herniorrhaphy at an
ambulatory surgical center expresses concern that he will not
have enough care at home and asks if he can stay in the hospital
after the surgery. The best response by the nurse is
A. "Who is available to help you at home after the surgery?"
B. "I'm sure you will be able to manage at home after surgery. It
is a simple procedure."
C. "We will teach you everything you need to know to be able to
care for yourself after surgery."
D. "Your health insurance will pay for inpatient care only if
complications develop during surgery." Correct Answers A.
"Who is available to help you at home after the surgery?"
A female patient's medication is being changed from patient-
controlled analgesia with meperidine to morphine sulfate after
the patient experiences restlessness and agitation. The patient's
daughter asks why the change has been made. Which response
by the nurse is most appropriate?
A. Your mother is experiencing side effects of meperidine
B. Hypoxia has developed as a result of her low respiratory rate
C. Meperidine can only be used for the first 24 hours after her
surgery
D. Your mother's respiratory rate has dropped too low, affecting
her mental status. Correct Answers A. Your mother is
experiencing side effects of meperidine
A nurse educator is teaching a group of nursing students about
the sequences of physiologic processes that result in pain. Which
, information about the chemicals such as hydrogen ion and
substance P would the nurse include?
A. "They increase the sensitivity of the neurons of the
thalamus."
B. "They stimulate the nociceptors through the process of
transduction."
C. "They inhibit pain by acting on the anterior horn cells of the
spinal cord."
D. "They inhibit the pain signal by binding to GABA receptors."
Correct Answers B. "They stimulate the nociceptors through the
process of transduction."
A nurse has applied a transdermal fentanyl patch to a pt with
bone cancer. The drug is expected to provide pain relief for 72
hours. The pt reports severe pain after 2 days. Which action
would the nurse take?
A. administer IV morphine
B. provide no further treatment
C. administer higher dosage of fentanyl
D. instruct the pt to avoid activity that causes pain Correct
Answers C. administer higher dosage of fentanyl
end of dose failure = need for change in dose or scheduling
A nurse in a postanesthesia care unit (PACU) assesses a patient
with a history of asthma and finds the patient tachypneic,
wheezing, and with reduced oxygen saturation. Which action
will the nurse take to prevent further pulmonary complications?
A. Administer bronchodilators
B. Provide incentive spirometry
C. Encourage chest physical therapy
