FCS PRAXIS 5122- COMPLETE TOPIC &
STUDY EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
What was Jean Piaget"s Theory? - ANS Cognitive Development
What are Jean Piaget's 4 stages that describe intellectual development from infancy to
adulthood? - ANS Sensorimotor, Pre Operational, Concrete, Formal
Sensorimotor Stage (0-2yoa) - ANS Child uses senses, light, hearing, to learn about the world.
They develop hand eye coordination. * The children learn to solve simple problems like using
their hands to drop a block into a bucket.
Pre Operational Stage (2-7 yoa) - ANS Child uses words, symbols, & pictures. They begin to
understand language & can focus attention on subject or object. They have a faulty sense of
logic when it comes to things such as, volume, mass & number
Concrete Operational (7-11 yoa) - ANS Child thinking becomes logical regarding concrete
objects. They are capable of understanding Volume, mass, and number. Like the example of
pouring liquid into two different shaped containers.
Formal ( 11- end of life) - ANS Understands abstract concepts and develops a logical way of
thinking of concepts.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What is one negative aspect of Jean Piaget's theory? - ANS It ignores many of the benefits of
adult learning.
What are the 3 Basic components of Cognitive Theory? - ANS Schemas (the building blocks of
knowledge) Adaption Process (Equilibrium, assimilation, accomodation)
Stages of Cog Development (Sens, Pre-Op, Concrete, Formal)
Why is Jean Piaget's theory so important? - ANS Because it was the 1st theory that
recognized children can actively and effectively learn on their own rather than depending on
another person.
What was Lawerence Kolhberg Theory? - ANS Moral Development (ethical behavior)
Kohlberg Theory - ANS Believed in 6 identifiable stages classified into 3 Levels. (6 stages & 3
levels)
What are the 3 levels of Kolhberg Theory - ANS Pre-Conventional(stage 1&2)
Conventional (stage 3&4)
Post Conventional (stage 5&6)
* He believed individuals could only progress through stages 1 @ a time. No jumping stages!
Kolhberg Preconventional Level - ANS 1-Obedience & Punishment (behaving according to
social norms & authority figures)
2- Individualism, Instrumentilisim, & Exchange (acting in ones best interest)
Kolhberg Conventional Level - ANS 3- "Good boy/Girl" (approval of others)
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, 4- Law & Order (abiding by laws & responding to duty)
Kolhberg Post Conventional Level - ANS 5- Social Contract (understanding social mutuality &
general interest in the welfare of others)
6- Principled Conscience (respect for universal principle & demands of conscience)
What is Erik Erikson's theory? - ANS Psychosocial Development
What did Erikson's theory involve? - ANS It breaks down the process of human development
into 8 stages necessary for healthy functioning.
* During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or
negative outcome for personality development.
Erikson Stage 1 - ANS Trust vs Mistrust (Infancy 0-1)
* Example- Parent leaving room and child trusting that they will return*
Erikson Stage 2 - ANS Autonomy vs Shame (Early Childhood 1-3)
*Example- Need to become independent, like using the bathroom by oneself. If completed child
gains independence, if not child will feel shame & doubt *
Erikson Stage 3 - ANS Initiative vs Guilt (Play age 3-5)
*Example- A child exploring who they want to become in the future. If child is unable to explore
ambitions and are expected to function with too much self-control, they will develope guilt*
Erikson Stage 4 - ANS Industry vs Inferiority (school Age 5-12)
*example- need to develop the ability to complete productive task like school work and working
in groups*
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
STUDY EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
What was Jean Piaget"s Theory? - ANS Cognitive Development
What are Jean Piaget's 4 stages that describe intellectual development from infancy to
adulthood? - ANS Sensorimotor, Pre Operational, Concrete, Formal
Sensorimotor Stage (0-2yoa) - ANS Child uses senses, light, hearing, to learn about the world.
They develop hand eye coordination. * The children learn to solve simple problems like using
their hands to drop a block into a bucket.
Pre Operational Stage (2-7 yoa) - ANS Child uses words, symbols, & pictures. They begin to
understand language & can focus attention on subject or object. They have a faulty sense of
logic when it comes to things such as, volume, mass & number
Concrete Operational (7-11 yoa) - ANS Child thinking becomes logical regarding concrete
objects. They are capable of understanding Volume, mass, and number. Like the example of
pouring liquid into two different shaped containers.
Formal ( 11- end of life) - ANS Understands abstract concepts and develops a logical way of
thinking of concepts.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What is one negative aspect of Jean Piaget's theory? - ANS It ignores many of the benefits of
adult learning.
What are the 3 Basic components of Cognitive Theory? - ANS Schemas (the building blocks of
knowledge) Adaption Process (Equilibrium, assimilation, accomodation)
Stages of Cog Development (Sens, Pre-Op, Concrete, Formal)
Why is Jean Piaget's theory so important? - ANS Because it was the 1st theory that
recognized children can actively and effectively learn on their own rather than depending on
another person.
What was Lawerence Kolhberg Theory? - ANS Moral Development (ethical behavior)
Kohlberg Theory - ANS Believed in 6 identifiable stages classified into 3 Levels. (6 stages & 3
levels)
What are the 3 levels of Kolhberg Theory - ANS Pre-Conventional(stage 1&2)
Conventional (stage 3&4)
Post Conventional (stage 5&6)
* He believed individuals could only progress through stages 1 @ a time. No jumping stages!
Kolhberg Preconventional Level - ANS 1-Obedience & Punishment (behaving according to
social norms & authority figures)
2- Individualism, Instrumentilisim, & Exchange (acting in ones best interest)
Kolhberg Conventional Level - ANS 3- "Good boy/Girl" (approval of others)
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, 4- Law & Order (abiding by laws & responding to duty)
Kolhberg Post Conventional Level - ANS 5- Social Contract (understanding social mutuality &
general interest in the welfare of others)
6- Principled Conscience (respect for universal principle & demands of conscience)
What is Erik Erikson's theory? - ANS Psychosocial Development
What did Erikson's theory involve? - ANS It breaks down the process of human development
into 8 stages necessary for healthy functioning.
* During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or
negative outcome for personality development.
Erikson Stage 1 - ANS Trust vs Mistrust (Infancy 0-1)
* Example- Parent leaving room and child trusting that they will return*
Erikson Stage 2 - ANS Autonomy vs Shame (Early Childhood 1-3)
*Example- Need to become independent, like using the bathroom by oneself. If completed child
gains independence, if not child will feel shame & doubt *
Erikson Stage 3 - ANS Initiative vs Guilt (Play age 3-5)
*Example- A child exploring who they want to become in the future. If child is unable to explore
ambitions and are expected to function with too much self-control, they will develope guilt*
Erikson Stage 4 - ANS Industry vs Inferiority (school Age 5-12)
*example- need to develop the ability to complete productive task like school work and working
in groups*
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
