GIS UNH Exam 1 Russ Congalton
Questions and Answers
Geographic - ANS-The G in GIS stands for
People - ANS-The most important component of a GIS is
Digital Satellite imagery, a bunch of pixels, equal area cells or grids - ANS-Give
examples of raster GIS
Lines, Polygons, and Points - ANS-GIS data in vector format includes what?
For over 3000 years - ANS-The use of spatial data or applied geography has been
around
The science of measuring the shape of the earth - ANS-What is a Geodesy
Geoid - ANS-What is the best term to describe the shape of the earth
The prime meridian - ANS-The 0 degree line of longitude is called
an established standard from which measurements are made - ANS-A datum is
Takes a 3D earth and creates a 2D map - ANS-What does a map projection do?
False - ANS-True or False: A GIS is an exact replication of real world phenomena
attribute & spatial - ANS-Cartographic objects in a GIS are typically define by what two
distinct types of data
Vector data - ANS-Which GIS data format is more visually pleasing but more
computationally complex
Raster data takes up much more storage space - ANS-Why are there so many more
raster data encoding (compression) methods?
False - ANS-True or false: Converting between raster and vector format has no impact
on the actual GIS layer
ArcGIS, AutoCAD - ANS-What are examples of mapping systems
, Global Positioning Systems - ANS-What does GPS stand for
State Plane Coordinates, Latitude & longitude, UTM grids - ANS-what are the three
geographic coordinate systems?
Each pixel has a value for a specific land cover location. It has implicit topology - ANS-
Define Raster data
Points, lines, and polygons define specific features. Topology must be defined - ANS-
Define Vector data
Describes the adjacency, connectivity, inclusion and proximity of each feature. Gives
the GIS the necessary relationships do analyze spatial phenomena. Does not change
when forms are bent, stretched or undergo transformations - ANS-Define Topology
complex mathematical formulas to get data based on attributes. e.g. A and B; A or B; A
not B etc. - ANS-Define Boolean Algebra
Point Analysis, Overlay analysis, Boundary analysis, Buffer analysis, Network analysis,
Proximity analysis, Geocoding analysis, 3D Interpolation analysis, statistical analysis
(see first set of slides for all these definitions) - ANS-Name types of data analyses
Garbage in means Garbage out - ANS-GIGO
The objects in a spatial data base & the relationships among them - ANS-What are the
two components of a data model
descriptive attribute information such as color, type, name, etc - ANS-Define nominal
data
Implies rank, order, or scale, such as small medium or large, or numeric like grades and
rankings - ANS-Define Ordinal data
numeric items that express both order and absolute difference in magnitude such as
numbers like area, weight, distance, etc. - ANS-Define Interval/ratio data
simple data structures, overlay/combine with remotely sensed data easily, spatial
analyses are easy, inexpensive software, equal-area grid cells - ANS-Advantages of
Raster data
volumes of data, large cells lose detail, maps are more crude - ANS-Disadvantages of
raster data
good detail, compact data structure, visually appealing, networking is easier - ANS-
Advantages of vector data
Questions and Answers
Geographic - ANS-The G in GIS stands for
People - ANS-The most important component of a GIS is
Digital Satellite imagery, a bunch of pixels, equal area cells or grids - ANS-Give
examples of raster GIS
Lines, Polygons, and Points - ANS-GIS data in vector format includes what?
For over 3000 years - ANS-The use of spatial data or applied geography has been
around
The science of measuring the shape of the earth - ANS-What is a Geodesy
Geoid - ANS-What is the best term to describe the shape of the earth
The prime meridian - ANS-The 0 degree line of longitude is called
an established standard from which measurements are made - ANS-A datum is
Takes a 3D earth and creates a 2D map - ANS-What does a map projection do?
False - ANS-True or False: A GIS is an exact replication of real world phenomena
attribute & spatial - ANS-Cartographic objects in a GIS are typically define by what two
distinct types of data
Vector data - ANS-Which GIS data format is more visually pleasing but more
computationally complex
Raster data takes up much more storage space - ANS-Why are there so many more
raster data encoding (compression) methods?
False - ANS-True or false: Converting between raster and vector format has no impact
on the actual GIS layer
ArcGIS, AutoCAD - ANS-What are examples of mapping systems
, Global Positioning Systems - ANS-What does GPS stand for
State Plane Coordinates, Latitude & longitude, UTM grids - ANS-what are the three
geographic coordinate systems?
Each pixel has a value for a specific land cover location. It has implicit topology - ANS-
Define Raster data
Points, lines, and polygons define specific features. Topology must be defined - ANS-
Define Vector data
Describes the adjacency, connectivity, inclusion and proximity of each feature. Gives
the GIS the necessary relationships do analyze spatial phenomena. Does not change
when forms are bent, stretched or undergo transformations - ANS-Define Topology
complex mathematical formulas to get data based on attributes. e.g. A and B; A or B; A
not B etc. - ANS-Define Boolean Algebra
Point Analysis, Overlay analysis, Boundary analysis, Buffer analysis, Network analysis,
Proximity analysis, Geocoding analysis, 3D Interpolation analysis, statistical analysis
(see first set of slides for all these definitions) - ANS-Name types of data analyses
Garbage in means Garbage out - ANS-GIGO
The objects in a spatial data base & the relationships among them - ANS-What are the
two components of a data model
descriptive attribute information such as color, type, name, etc - ANS-Define nominal
data
Implies rank, order, or scale, such as small medium or large, or numeric like grades and
rankings - ANS-Define Ordinal data
numeric items that express both order and absolute difference in magnitude such as
numbers like area, weight, distance, etc. - ANS-Define Interval/ratio data
simple data structures, overlay/combine with remotely sensed data easily, spatial
analyses are easy, inexpensive software, equal-area grid cells - ANS-Advantages of
Raster data
volumes of data, large cells lose detail, maps are more crude - ANS-Disadvantages of
raster data
good detail, compact data structure, visually appealing, networking is easier - ANS-
Advantages of vector data
