questions and answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
Otalgia
- correct answer * Ear Pain
* Two types
1. Primary Otalgia
2. Referred Otalgia
Primary Otalgia
- correct answer Typically caused by:
* Otitis Externa
* Otitis Media
* Mastoiditis
* Auricular Infections
Differential Diagnosis for Otalgia
- correct answer * Otitis Externa
* Otitis Media
* Otitis Media with Effusion
* Eustachion Tube dysfunction
* Barotrauma
* Cerumen Impaction
* Dental Disease
,* TMJ Joint dysfunction
* Perforated Tympanic Membrane
* Sunus Disease
* Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Differential Diagnosis for Hearing Loss
- correct answer * Presbycusis
* Noise Exposure
* Eustachian tube dysfunction
* Cerumen Impaction
* Chronic Middle Ear infection, Effusion
* Otosclerosis
* Tympanosclerosis
* Cholesteatoma
* Trauma
* Congenital disorders
Tinnitus
- correct answer a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears
Differential Diagnosis for Tinnitus
- correct answer * Otologic : Hearing loss, Meniere's disease, Acoustic Neuroma
* Ototoxic medications or substances
* Neurologic: Multiple sclerosis, head injury
* Metabolic: thyrooid disorder, Hperlipidemia, vitamin b12 deficiency
* Pychogenic: depression, anxiety, fibromyalgia
Differential DX Mouth Sores
- correct answer * Food or Drug allergies
* Chemical irritation
, * Dry Mouth
* Mechanical or thermal injury
* Infectious (Bacterial/Fungal)
* Host Immunosuppression
* Nutritional Deficiency
Pharyngitis (Sore throat)
- correct answer inflammation or infection of the pharynx
Differential Dx Pharyngitis
- correct answer * Streptococcal Infections
* Tonsillitis
* HSV Infection
* Gonococcus
* Candidiasis
* Aphthous ulceration
* Influenza
* Rhino virus, Adenovirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Coxasckievirus
*Mycoplasma Infection
inner ear
- correct answer
Structure of the Ear
- correct answer
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
- correct answer Caused by a lesion in the organ of corti or the central neural pathways of the ear,
including CN VIII and auditory cortex