Key Fundamentals Skills HESI Practice Exam A Q&As Guide to Boost Your Grade.

The nurse is teaching a client proper use of an inhaler. When should the client administer the inhaler­delivered medication to demonstrate correct use of the inhaler? A. Immediately after exhalation. B. During the inhalation. Correct C. At the end of three inhalations. D. Immediately after inhalation. 23. 23.ID: The healthcare provider prescribes the diuretic metolazone (Zaroxolyn) 7.5 mg PO. Zaroxolyn is available in 5 mg tablets. How much should the nurse plan to administer? A. ½ tablet. B. 1 tablet. C. 1½ tablets. Correct D. 2 tablets. 24. 24.ID: The healthcare provider prescribes furosemide (Lasix) 15 mg IV stat. On hand is Lasix 20 mg/2 ml. How many milliliters should the nurse administer? A. 1 ml. B. 1.5 ml. Correct C. 1.75 ml. D. 2 ml. 25. 25.ID: Heparin 20,000 units in 500 ml D5W at 50 ml/hour has been infusing for 5½ hours. How much heparin has the client received? A. 11,000 units. Correct B. 13,000 units. C. 15,000 units. D. 17,000 units. 26. 26.ID: The healthcare provider prescribes morphine sulfate 4mg IM STAT. Morphine comes in 8 mg per ml. How many ml should the nurse administer? A. 0.5 ml. Correct B. 1 ml. C. 1.5 ml. D. 2 ml. 27. 27.ID: The nurse prepares a 1,000 ml IV of 5% dextrose and water to be infused over 8 hours. The infusion set delivers 10 drops per milliliter. The nurse should regulate the IV to administer approximately how many drops per minute? A. 80 B. 8 C. 21 Correct D. 25 28. 28.ID: Which action is most important for the nurse to implement when donning sterile gloves? A. Maintain thumb at a ninety degree angle. B. Hold hands with fingers down while gloving. C. Keep gloved hands above the elbows. Correct D. Put the glove on the dominant hand first. 29. 29.ID: A client’s infusion of normal saline infiltrated earlier today, and approximately 500 ml of saline infused into the subcutaneous tissue. The client is now complaining of excruciating arm pain and demanding “stronger pain medications.” What initial action is most important for the nurse to take? A. Ask about any past history of drug abuse or addiction. B. Measure the pulse volume and capillary refill distal to the infiltration. Correct C. Compress the infiltrated tissue to measure the degree of edema. D. Evaluate the extent of ecchymosis over the forearm area. 30. 30.ID: An elderly male client who is unresponsive following a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) is receiving bolus enteral feedings though a gastrostomy tube. What is the best client position for administration of the bolus tube feedings? A. Prone. B. Fowler's. Correct C. Sims'. D. Supine. 31. 31.ID: A 73­year­old female client had a hemiarthroplasty of the left hip yesterday due to a fracture resulting from a fall. In reviewing hip precautions with the client, which instruction should the nurse include in this client's teaching plan? A. In 8 weeks you will be able to bend at the waist to reach items on the floor. B. Place a pillow between your knees while lying in bed to prevent hip dislocation. Correct C. It is safe to use a walker to get out of bed, but you need assistance when walking. D. Take pain medication 30 minutes after your physical therapy sessions. 32. 32.ID: A client with pneumonia has a decrease in oxygen saturation from 94% to 88% while ambulating. Based on these findings, which intervention should the nurse implement first? A. Assist the ambulating client back to the bed. Correct B. Encourage the client to ambulate to resolve pneumonia. C. Obtain a prescription for portable oxygen while ambulating. D. Move the oximetry probe from the finger to the earlobe. 33. 33.ID: A client with chronic renal failure selects a scrambled egg for his breakfast. What action should the nurse take? A. Commend the client for selecting a high biologic value protein. Correct B. Remind the client that protein in the diet should be avoided. C. Suggest that the client also select orange juice, to promote absorption. D. Encourage the client to attend classes on dietary management of CRF. 34. 34.ID: A client who is 5' 5" tall and weighs 200 pounds is scheduled for surgery the next day. What question is most important for the nurse to include during the preoperative assessment? A. What is your daily calorie consumption? B. What vitamin and mineral supplements do you take? Correct C. Do you feel that you are overweight? D. Will a clear liquid diet be okay after surgery? 35. 35.ID: During the initial morning assessment, a male client denies dysuria but reports that his urine appears dark amber. Which intervention should the nurse implement? A. Provide additional coffee on the client's breakfast tray. B. Exchange the client's grape juice for cranberry juice. C. Bring the client additional fruit at mid­morning. D. Encourage additional oral intake of juices and water. Correct 36. 36.ID: Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement for a male client who is experiencing urinary retention? A. Apply a condom catheter. B. Apply a skin protectant. C. Encourage increased fluid intake. D. Assess for bladder distention. Correct 37. 37.ID: A client with acute hemorrhagic anemia is to receive four units of packed RBCs (red blood cells) as rapidly as possible. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement? A. Obtain the pre­transfusion hemoglobin level. B. Prime the tubing and prepare a blood pump set­up. C. Monitor vital signs q15 minutes for the first hour. D. Ensure the accuracy of the blood type match. Correct 38. 38.ID: Which snack food is best for the nurse to provide a client with myasthenia gravis who is at risk for altered nutritional status? A. Chocolate pudding. Correct B. Graham crackers. C. Sugar free gelatin. D. Apple slices. 39. 39.ID: The nurse is evaluating client learning about a low­sodium diet. Selection of which meal would indicate to the nurse that this client understands the dietary restrictions? A. Tossed salad, low­sodium dressing, bacon and tomato sandwich. B. New England clam chowder, no­salt crackers, fresh fruit salad. C. Skim milk, turkey salad, roll, and vanilla ice cream. Correct D. Macaroni and cheese, diet Coke, a slice of cherry pie. 40. 40.ID: Which nutritional assessment data should the nurse collect to best reflect total muscle mass in an adolescent? A. Height in inches or centimeters. B. Weight in kilograms or pounds. C. Triceps skin fold thickness. D. Upper arm circumference. Correct 41. 41.ID: An elderly resident of a long­term care facility is no longer able to perform self­care and is becoming progressively weaker. The resident previously requested that no resuscitative efforts be performed, and the family requests hospice care. What action should the nurse implement first? A. Reaffirm the client's desire for no resuscitative efforts. B. Transfer the client to a hospice inpatient facility. C. Prepare the family for the client's impending death. D. Notify the healthcare provider of the family's request. Correct 42. 42.ID: After completing an assessment and determining that a client has a problem, which action should the nurse perform next? A. Determine the etiology of the problem. Correct B. Prioritize nursing care interventions. C. Plan appropriate interventions. D. Collaborate with the client to set goals. 43. 43.ID: An elderly client who requires frequent monitoring fell and fractured a hip. Which nurse is at greatest risk for a malpractice judgment? A. A nurse who worked the 7 to 3 shift at the hospital and wrote poor nursing notes. B. The nurse assigned to care for the client who was at lunch at the time of the fall. C. The nurse who transferred the client to the chair when the fall occurred. Correct D. The charge nurse who completed rounds 30 minutes before the fall occurred. 44. 44.ID: A postoperative client will need to perform daily dressing changes after discharge. Which outcome statement best demonstrates the client's readiness to manage his wound care after discharge? The client A. asks relevant questions regarding the dressing change. B. states he will be able to complete the wound care regimen. C. demonstrates the wound care procedure correctly. Correct D. has all the necessary supplies for wound care. 45. 45.ID: When evaluating a client's plan of care, the nurse determines that a desired outcome was not achieved. Which action will the nurse implement first? A. Establish a new nursing diagnosis. B. Note which actions were not implemented. Correct C. Add additional nursing orders to the plan. D. Collaborate with the healthcare provider to make changes. 46. 46.ID: The healthcare provider prescribes 1,000 ml of Ringer's Lactate with 30 Units of Pitocin to run in over 4 hours for a client who has just delivered a 10 pound infant by cesarean section. The tubing has been changed to a 20 gtt/ml administration set. The nurse plans to set the flow rate at how many gtt/min? A. 42 gtt/min. B. 83 gtt/min. Correct C. 125 gtt/min. D. 250 gtt/min. 47. 47.ID: Seconal 0.1 gram PRN at bedtime is prescribed to a client for rest. The scored tablets are labeled grain 1.5 per tablet. How many tablets should the nurse plan to administer? A. 0.5 tablet. B. 1 tablet. Correct C. 1.5 tablets. D. 2 tablets.