Nursing Assessment Mastery: Autonomy, Beneficence, Justice, Non-Maleficence,
Nursing Ethics, Health Promotion, Wellness, Primary Secondary Tertiary
Prevention, Clinical Judgment, Critical Thinking, Diagnostic Reasoning,
Collaborative Problems, ABCDE Prioritization, Emergency, Focused,
Comprehensive Assessment, Lifespan & Cultural Considerations, Patient
Interviewing, Subjective & Objective Data, Verbal & Non-Verbal Communication,
Active Listening, Therapeutic Dialogue, Documentation, HIPAA, SBAR, SOAP,
Functional Assessment, Head-to-Toe & Body Systems Approach, Evidence-Based
Nursing, Patient Advocacy, Safety & Risk Reduction, Professional Nursing
Process ADPIE Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded
Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Autonomy
The ability to make one's decisions, act independently, and govern oneself.
Beneficence
Doing good and act in the patient's best interest
Justice
Treating all patients fairly, equally, and impartially, ensuring equitable distribution of resources
and care regardless of background, and advocating for health equity by upholding patient rights
,Non-Malficence
"DO NO HARM", requiring nurses to avoid actions that could injure, pain, or cause suffering to
patients, and to balance potential benefits against potential risks of harm
Four Main Goals of Nursing
1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To treat human responses to health or illness
4. To ADVOCATE for individuals, families, communities, and populations
Health Assessment
- 1st part of the nursing process
- Use a systemic method to gather information always starts with inspection
- "Gathering information about the health status of the patient, analyzing and synthesizing thos
data, making judgements about nursing interventions based on the findings and evaluating
patient care outcomes" (AACN)
- A health assessment includes: health history, physical assessment, additional necessary factors
assessed: Psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, economic, lifestyle (Includes exercise, smoking,
and drinking)
- Nursing process begins with a complete, accurate health assessment
Nursing Process in Health Assessment
- Assess (Interview with the patient)
- Diagnose
- Identify outcomes
,- Plan care
- Implement
- Evaluate
Critical Thinking
- Purposeful, outcome-directed (resulted-oriented) thinking
- DRIVEN BY PATIENT, FAMILY, AND COMMUNITY NEEDS
- Based on nursing process, evidence-based thinking, and scientific method
- Requires specific knowledge, skills, and experience
- Guided by professional standards and codes of ethics
- Constantly re-evaluating, self-correcting, and striving for improvement
Wellness and Health Promotion
- National Model for Health Promotion, Risk Reduction (Healthy People 2030: Goals: Illness
prevention, planning, intervening, updating, and evalauting)
Primary Prevention: Strategies to prevent a problem
, Secondary Prevention: Minimize or prevent complications (Mammograms, TB Testing, PAP
Smear)
Tertiary Prevention: Aims to prevent complications from something that may already exist
(Chronic Disease)
Diagnostic Reasoning: (Nursing Process)
7 Steps Process: Identify strengths and abnormal data (Patients) (Ex. HR elevated and BP
elevated but no fever), Cluster data, Draw inferences, Propose Nursing Diagnoses, Check for
Defining Characteristics, Confirm or Remove Nursing Diagnosis, Document Conclusions
Collaborative Problems: (CANNOT BE INDEPENDENTLY SOLVED AS A NURSE) Require the
expertise of other healthcare providers for interventions, Interprofessional collaboration
important skill to learn, Progress notes and SBAR
Clinical Judgement
- Deciding what to do first
- Priority settings:
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: Water, Oxygen, Food, Safety, Shelter, and Elimination
- Urgent and acute versus chronic
Nursing Ethics, Health Promotion, Wellness, Primary Secondary Tertiary
Prevention, Clinical Judgment, Critical Thinking, Diagnostic Reasoning,
Collaborative Problems, ABCDE Prioritization, Emergency, Focused,
Comprehensive Assessment, Lifespan & Cultural Considerations, Patient
Interviewing, Subjective & Objective Data, Verbal & Non-Verbal Communication,
Active Listening, Therapeutic Dialogue, Documentation, HIPAA, SBAR, SOAP,
Functional Assessment, Head-to-Toe & Body Systems Approach, Evidence-Based
Nursing, Patient Advocacy, Safety & Risk Reduction, Professional Nursing
Process ADPIE Exam Questions Verified and Provided with Complete A+ Graded
Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Autonomy
The ability to make one's decisions, act independently, and govern oneself.
Beneficence
Doing good and act in the patient's best interest
Justice
Treating all patients fairly, equally, and impartially, ensuring equitable distribution of resources
and care regardless of background, and advocating for health equity by upholding patient rights
,Non-Malficence
"DO NO HARM", requiring nurses to avoid actions that could injure, pain, or cause suffering to
patients, and to balance potential benefits against potential risks of harm
Four Main Goals of Nursing
1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To treat human responses to health or illness
4. To ADVOCATE for individuals, families, communities, and populations
Health Assessment
- 1st part of the nursing process
- Use a systemic method to gather information always starts with inspection
- "Gathering information about the health status of the patient, analyzing and synthesizing thos
data, making judgements about nursing interventions based on the findings and evaluating
patient care outcomes" (AACN)
- A health assessment includes: health history, physical assessment, additional necessary factors
assessed: Psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, economic, lifestyle (Includes exercise, smoking,
and drinking)
- Nursing process begins with a complete, accurate health assessment
Nursing Process in Health Assessment
- Assess (Interview with the patient)
- Diagnose
- Identify outcomes
,- Plan care
- Implement
- Evaluate
Critical Thinking
- Purposeful, outcome-directed (resulted-oriented) thinking
- DRIVEN BY PATIENT, FAMILY, AND COMMUNITY NEEDS
- Based on nursing process, evidence-based thinking, and scientific method
- Requires specific knowledge, skills, and experience
- Guided by professional standards and codes of ethics
- Constantly re-evaluating, self-correcting, and striving for improvement
Wellness and Health Promotion
- National Model for Health Promotion, Risk Reduction (Healthy People 2030: Goals: Illness
prevention, planning, intervening, updating, and evalauting)
Primary Prevention: Strategies to prevent a problem
, Secondary Prevention: Minimize or prevent complications (Mammograms, TB Testing, PAP
Smear)
Tertiary Prevention: Aims to prevent complications from something that may already exist
(Chronic Disease)
Diagnostic Reasoning: (Nursing Process)
7 Steps Process: Identify strengths and abnormal data (Patients) (Ex. HR elevated and BP
elevated but no fever), Cluster data, Draw inferences, Propose Nursing Diagnoses, Check for
Defining Characteristics, Confirm or Remove Nursing Diagnosis, Document Conclusions
Collaborative Problems: (CANNOT BE INDEPENDENTLY SOLVED AS A NURSE) Require the
expertise of other healthcare providers for interventions, Interprofessional collaboration
important skill to learn, Progress notes and SBAR
Clinical Judgement
- Deciding what to do first
- Priority settings:
- Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs: Water, Oxygen, Food, Safety, Shelter, and Elimination
- Urgent and acute versus chronic
