Medical-Surgical Nursing II - Exam 2
Review Exam (2026) Exam Questions &
Answers | Latest Already Graded A+
UPDATE 2026!! STUDY GUIDE EXAM
Acute Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Occurs suddenly, often due to airway obstruction,
pulmonary embolism, or acute respiratory distress. Symptoms include anxiety,
cyanosis, tachycardia, increased respiratory rate, and confusion.
Chronic Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Gradual onset, commonly seen in conditions
like COPD. Symptoms include clubbing of fingers, barrel chest, fatigue, and
polycythemia as a compensatory mechanism.
Early Symptoms of Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Restlessness, anxiety, tachypnea,
tachycardia.
Late Symptoms of Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Cyanosis, altered mental status,
hypotension.
Sedatives/Opioids -CORRECTANSWER Depress CNS, reduce respiratory drive.
Beta-blockers -CORRECTANSWER Decrease cardiac output, reduce tissue perfusion;
use cautiously in patients with bronchospasm.
, Hypokalemia -CORRECTANSWER Causes muscle cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, flat T
waves.
Hyperkalemia -CORRECTANSWER Weakness, tall peaked T waves, bradycardia,
cardiac arrest if severe.
Digoxin -CORRECTANSWER Increases myocardial contractility; low potassium
increases toxicity risk (e.g., visual disturbances, bradycardia).
Loop Diuretics -CORRECTANSWER Promote potassium excretion; monitor for
hypokalemia.
RBC Pathophysiology -CORRECTANSWER Erythrocytes are produced in bone
marrow; regulated by erythropoietin from the kidneys. They transport oxygen via
hemoglobin and survive about 120 days.
Kidney Function -CORRECTANSWER Primary roles: Filtration, fluid/electrolyte
balance, blood pressure regulation (RAAS), erythropoietin production.
Beta-Blockers: MOA -CORRECTANSWER Block beta-adrenergic receptors, lowering
HR and BP.
Review Exam (2026) Exam Questions &
Answers | Latest Already Graded A+
UPDATE 2026!! STUDY GUIDE EXAM
Acute Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Occurs suddenly, often due to airway obstruction,
pulmonary embolism, or acute respiratory distress. Symptoms include anxiety,
cyanosis, tachycardia, increased respiratory rate, and confusion.
Chronic Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Gradual onset, commonly seen in conditions
like COPD. Symptoms include clubbing of fingers, barrel chest, fatigue, and
polycythemia as a compensatory mechanism.
Early Symptoms of Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Restlessness, anxiety, tachypnea,
tachycardia.
Late Symptoms of Hypoxia -CORRECTANSWER Cyanosis, altered mental status,
hypotension.
Sedatives/Opioids -CORRECTANSWER Depress CNS, reduce respiratory drive.
Beta-blockers -CORRECTANSWER Decrease cardiac output, reduce tissue perfusion;
use cautiously in patients with bronchospasm.
, Hypokalemia -CORRECTANSWER Causes muscle cramps, fatigue, arrhythmias, flat T
waves.
Hyperkalemia -CORRECTANSWER Weakness, tall peaked T waves, bradycardia,
cardiac arrest if severe.
Digoxin -CORRECTANSWER Increases myocardial contractility; low potassium
increases toxicity risk (e.g., visual disturbances, bradycardia).
Loop Diuretics -CORRECTANSWER Promote potassium excretion; monitor for
hypokalemia.
RBC Pathophysiology -CORRECTANSWER Erythrocytes are produced in bone
marrow; regulated by erythropoietin from the kidneys. They transport oxygen via
hemoglobin and survive about 120 days.
Kidney Function -CORRECTANSWER Primary roles: Filtration, fluid/electrolyte
balance, blood pressure regulation (RAAS), erythropoietin production.
Beta-Blockers: MOA -CORRECTANSWER Block beta-adrenergic receptors, lowering
HR and BP.
