PHARMACOLOGY HESI EXIT Exam
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A client with coronary artery disease complains of substernal chest pain. After checking
the client's heart rate and blood pressure, a nurse administers nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg,
sublingually. After 5 minutes, the client states, "My chest still hurts." Select the
appropriate actions that the nurse should take. Select all that apply.
1. Call a code blue.
2. Contact the registered nurse.
3. Contact the client's family.
4. Assess the client's pain level.
5. Check the client's blood pressure.
6. Administer a second nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually. - ANSWERS-2. Contact the
registered nurse.
4. Assess the client's pain level.
5. Check the client's blood pressure.
6. Administer a second nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually.
,Rationale:
The usual guideline for administering nitroglycerin tablets for a hospitalized client with
chest pain is to administer one tablet every 5 minutes PRN for chest pain, for a total
dose of three tablets. The registered nurse should be notified of the client's condition,
who will then notify the health care provider as appropriate. Because the client is still
complaining of chest pain, the nurse would administer a second nitroglycerin tablet. The
nurse would assess the client's pain level and check the client's blood pressure before
administering each nitroglycerin dose. There are no data in the question that indicate
the need to call a code blue. In addition, it is not necessary to contact the client's family
unless the client has requested this.
Nalidixic acid (NegGram) is prescribed for a client with a urinary tract infection. On
review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the client is taking warfarin sodium
(Coumadin) daily. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate for this client?
1. Discontinuation of warfarin sodium (Coumadin)
2. A decrease in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
3. An increase in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
4. A decrease in the usual dose of nalidixic acid (NegGram) - ANSWERS-2. A
decrease in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
Rationale:
Nalidixic acid can intensify the effects of oral anticoagulants by displacing these agents
from binding sites on plasma protein. When an oral anticoagulant is combined with
nalidixic acid, a decrease in the anticoagulant dosage may be needed.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving sulfisoxazole. Which of
the following should be included in the list of instructions?
1. Restrict fluid intake.
2. Maintain a high fluid intake.
3. If the urine turns dark brown, call the health care provider (HCP) immediately.
4. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response.
- ANSWERS-2. Maintain a high fluid intake.
Rationale:
Each dose of sulfisoxazole should be administered with a full glass of water, and the
client should maintain a high fluid intake. The medication is more soluble in alkaline
,urine. The client should not be instructed to taper or discontinue the dose. Some forms
of sulfisoxazole cause urine to turn dark brown or red. This does not indicate the need
to notify the HCP.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) is prescribed for a client. A nurse should
instruct the client to report which symptom if it developed during the course of this
medication therapy?
1. Nausea
2. Diarrhea
3. Headache
4. Sore throat - ANSWERS-4. Sore throat
Rationale:
Clients taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) should be informed about
early signs of blood disorders that can occur from this medication. These include sore
throat, fever, and pallor, and the client should be instructed to notify the health care
provider if these symptoms occur. The other options do not require health care provider
notification.
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) is prescribed for a client for symptomatic
relief of pain resulting from a lower urinary tract infection. The nurse reinforces to the
client:
1. To take the medication at bedtime
2. To take the medication before meals
3. To discontinue the medication if a headache occurs
4. That a reddish orange discoloration of the urine may occur - ANSWERS-4. That a
reddish orange discoloration of the urine may occur
Rationale:
The nurse should instruct the client that a reddish-orange discoloration of urine may
occur. The nurse also should instruct the client that this discoloration can stain fabric.
The medication should be taken after meals to reduce the possibility of gastrointestinal
upset. A headache is an occasional side effect of the medication and does not warrant
discontinuation of the medication.
, Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) is prescribed for a client with urinary retention.
Which disorder would be a contraindication to the administration of this medication?
1. Gastric atony
2. Urinary strictures
3. Neurogenic atony
4. Gastroesophageal reflux - ANSWERS-2. Urinary strictures
Rationale:
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) can be harmful to clients with urinary tract obstruction
or weakness of the bladder wall. The medication has the ability to contract the bladder
and thereby increase pressure within the urinary tract. Elevation of pressure within the
urinary tract could rupture the bladder in clients with these conditions.
A nurse who is administering bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) is monitoring for acute
toxicity associated with the medication. The nurse checks the client for which sign of
toxicity?
1. Dry skin
2. Dry mouth
3. Bradycardia
4. Signs of dehydration - ANSWERS-3. Bradycardia
Rationale:
Toxicity (overdose) produces manifestations of excessive muscarinic stimulation such
as salivation, sweating, involuntary urination and defecation, bradycardia, and severe
hypotension. Treatment includes supportive measures and the administration of
atropine sulfate subcutaneously or intravenously.
Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan XL) is prescribed for a client with neurogenic bladder.
Which sign would indicate a possible toxic effect related to this medication?
1. Pallor
2. Drowsiness
3. Bradycardia
4. Restlessness - ANSWERS-4. Restlessness
Rationale:
2026 MOST RecentTested,Actual Exam
Questions (2026) WITH Recent Newest
Verified And Well Analyzed Exam
Questions (Actual Exam 2026-2027)
Correct Detailed & Verified ANSWERS
(100% Accurate Solutions) ||ALREADY
GRADED A+||Exam Guarantee Pass!!
A client with coronary artery disease complains of substernal chest pain. After checking
the client's heart rate and blood pressure, a nurse administers nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg,
sublingually. After 5 minutes, the client states, "My chest still hurts." Select the
appropriate actions that the nurse should take. Select all that apply.
1. Call a code blue.
2. Contact the registered nurse.
3. Contact the client's family.
4. Assess the client's pain level.
5. Check the client's blood pressure.
6. Administer a second nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually. - ANSWERS-2. Contact the
registered nurse.
4. Assess the client's pain level.
5. Check the client's blood pressure.
6. Administer a second nitroglycerin, 0.4 mg, sublingually.
,Rationale:
The usual guideline for administering nitroglycerin tablets for a hospitalized client with
chest pain is to administer one tablet every 5 minutes PRN for chest pain, for a total
dose of three tablets. The registered nurse should be notified of the client's condition,
who will then notify the health care provider as appropriate. Because the client is still
complaining of chest pain, the nurse would administer a second nitroglycerin tablet. The
nurse would assess the client's pain level and check the client's blood pressure before
administering each nitroglycerin dose. There are no data in the question that indicate
the need to call a code blue. In addition, it is not necessary to contact the client's family
unless the client has requested this.
Nalidixic acid (NegGram) is prescribed for a client with a urinary tract infection. On
review of the client's record, the nurse notes that the client is taking warfarin sodium
(Coumadin) daily. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate for this client?
1. Discontinuation of warfarin sodium (Coumadin)
2. A decrease in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
3. An increase in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
4. A decrease in the usual dose of nalidixic acid (NegGram) - ANSWERS-2. A
decrease in the warfarin sodium (Coumadin) dosage
Rationale:
Nalidixic acid can intensify the effects of oral anticoagulants by displacing these agents
from binding sites on plasma protein. When an oral anticoagulant is combined with
nalidixic acid, a decrease in the anticoagulant dosage may be needed.
A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to a client receiving sulfisoxazole. Which of
the following should be included in the list of instructions?
1. Restrict fluid intake.
2. Maintain a high fluid intake.
3. If the urine turns dark brown, call the health care provider (HCP) immediately.
4. Decrease the dosage when symptoms are improving to prevent an allergic response.
- ANSWERS-2. Maintain a high fluid intake.
Rationale:
Each dose of sulfisoxazole should be administered with a full glass of water, and the
client should maintain a high fluid intake. The medication is more soluble in alkaline
,urine. The client should not be instructed to taper or discontinue the dose. Some forms
of sulfisoxazole cause urine to turn dark brown or red. This does not indicate the need
to notify the HCP.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) is prescribed for a client. A nurse should
instruct the client to report which symptom if it developed during the course of this
medication therapy?
1. Nausea
2. Diarrhea
3. Headache
4. Sore throat - ANSWERS-4. Sore throat
Rationale:
Clients taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) should be informed about
early signs of blood disorders that can occur from this medication. These include sore
throat, fever, and pallor, and the client should be instructed to notify the health care
provider if these symptoms occur. The other options do not require health care provider
notification.
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) is prescribed for a client for symptomatic
relief of pain resulting from a lower urinary tract infection. The nurse reinforces to the
client:
1. To take the medication at bedtime
2. To take the medication before meals
3. To discontinue the medication if a headache occurs
4. That a reddish orange discoloration of the urine may occur - ANSWERS-4. That a
reddish orange discoloration of the urine may occur
Rationale:
The nurse should instruct the client that a reddish-orange discoloration of urine may
occur. The nurse also should instruct the client that this discoloration can stain fabric.
The medication should be taken after meals to reduce the possibility of gastrointestinal
upset. A headache is an occasional side effect of the medication and does not warrant
discontinuation of the medication.
, Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) is prescribed for a client with urinary retention.
Which disorder would be a contraindication to the administration of this medication?
1. Gastric atony
2. Urinary strictures
3. Neurogenic atony
4. Gastroesophageal reflux - ANSWERS-2. Urinary strictures
Rationale:
Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) can be harmful to clients with urinary tract obstruction
or weakness of the bladder wall. The medication has the ability to contract the bladder
and thereby increase pressure within the urinary tract. Elevation of pressure within the
urinary tract could rupture the bladder in clients with these conditions.
A nurse who is administering bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) is monitoring for acute
toxicity associated with the medication. The nurse checks the client for which sign of
toxicity?
1. Dry skin
2. Dry mouth
3. Bradycardia
4. Signs of dehydration - ANSWERS-3. Bradycardia
Rationale:
Toxicity (overdose) produces manifestations of excessive muscarinic stimulation such
as salivation, sweating, involuntary urination and defecation, bradycardia, and severe
hypotension. Treatment includes supportive measures and the administration of
atropine sulfate subcutaneously or intravenously.
Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan XL) is prescribed for a client with neurogenic bladder.
Which sign would indicate a possible toxic effect related to this medication?
1. Pallor
2. Drowsiness
3. Bradycardia
4. Restlessness - ANSWERS-4. Restlessness
Rationale:
