ISA TRAQ
Acceptable risk - - answer the degree or amount of risk that the owner manager , or
controlling authority is willing to accept .
acceptable risk threshold - answer the highest level of risk that does not exceed the
owner / manager's tolerance .
advanced assessment Level 3 - answer advanced -an assessment performed to
provide detailed information about specific tree parts , defects , targets , or site
conditions . Specialized equipment , data collection and analysis , d / or expertise are
usually required .
adventitious branch - branch - answer branch arising from a stem or parent branch and
having no connection to apical meristems .
adventitious root- - answer-roots arising from roots or stems and having no connection
to apical meristems .
aerial inspection - answerof the upper tree parts not readily accessed from the ground ;
typically done by climbing or from an aerial lift .
analysis - answerdetailed examination of the elements or structure of bu something .
aerial patrol - answeroverflights of a utility right - of - way , large areas , or bu individual
trees in a defined area to record the location of trees that are likely to fail and cause
harm .
analysis - answeranalysis detailed examination of the elements or structure of
something .
angiosperm - answerplant with seeds borne in an ovary . Consists of two large groups :
monocotyledons ( grasses , palms , and related plants ) and dicotyledons ( most woody
trees , shrubs herbaceous plants , and related plants ) ( contrast with gymnosperm ) .
annual rings - answerrings of xylem that are visible in a cross section of the stem ,
branches , and roots of some trees . In temperate zones , the rings typically represent
one year of growth
barrier zone - answercabling chemical and anatomical barrier formed by the cambium
present at the time of wounding in response to wounding . Inhibits the spread of decay
into xylem tissue formed after the time of wounding . Wall 4 in the CODIT model
( contrast with reaction zone ) .
,basal swelling - answerincreased wood growth in the area near or where the trunk and
roots come together . basic
basic assessment Level 2 - answer-detailed visual inspection of a tree the tree trunk
looking at the visible aboveground roots , trunk , It requires that a tree risk assessor
inspect completely around and surrounding site that may include the use of simple tools
. branches , and site .
bending moment - answerturning , bending or twisting force exerted by a lever , defined
as the force ( acting perpendicular to the lever ) multiplied by the length of the lever
( see moment ) .
biomechanics tree biomechanics - answer-the study of the action of forces on living
trees .
bow - answerleans characterized by the top of the tree bending over more than the
lower trunk , creating a curve .
brace rod (rigid brace) - answerbrace ) -metal rod used to support weak sec tions or
crotches of a tree .
bracket - answerthe fruiting body of a decay fungus ( see conk ) .
breach of duty (of care) - answer-failure to take reasonable care to avoid injury or
damage to a person or property in a situation where the law imposes a duty of care .
brown rot - - answerfungal wood rot characterized by the breakdown of cellulose
( contrast with soft rot and white rot ) .
buckling - answerfailure mode characteristic of collapsing under com pressive stress .
bulge - answerswellings on branches , trunks , or root flares ; often caused by new
tissue formed as a response to movement and that rein forces the wood structure at the
weak area
buttress root - - answerroots at the trunk base that help support the tree and equalize
mechanical stress .
butt rot - - answerdecay of the lower trunk , trunk flare , or buttress roots .
cabling flexible bracing - answer-installation of steel or synthetic cable in a tree to
provide supplemental support to weak branches or branch unions
callus - answerundifferentiated tissue formed by the cambium , usually as the result of
wounding ( contrast with woundwood ) .
, callus - answerundifferentiated tissue formed by the cambium , usually as the result of
wounding ( contrast with woundwood ) .
cambium - answerthin layer ( s ) of meristematic cells that give rise ( outward ) to the
phloem and ( inward ) to the xylem , increasing stem and root diameter .
canker - answerlocalized diseased area on stems , roots , and branches . Often
shrunken and discolored .
cavity - answeropen or closed hollow within a tree stem , branch , or root , usually
associated with decay .
cellulose - answercomplex carbohydrate found in the cellular walls the majority of plants
, algae , and certain fungi .
center of force - answerthe point toward or from which a force acts ; the resultant point
of aggregate forces .
client - answerthe person or organization for whom professional services are rendered .
Usually , the owner or manager responsible for the trees .
clinometer - answerinstrument used for measuring the height of a tree or other structure
.
CODIT - answeracronym for Compartmentalization of Decay in Trees ( see
compartmentalization ) .
codominant ( trees in a stand ) - answer-more than one tree sharing dominance in a
stand of trees codominant
codominant stem - answerforked branches nearly the same size in diameter , arising
from a common junction and lacking a normal branch union .
column of decay - answerwood decay inside a tree that extends longitudinally up and
down a stem or through a branch .
compartmentalization - answernatural defense process in trees by which chemical and
physical boundaries are created that act to limit the spread of disease and decay
organisms ( see CODIT ) .
compression - answerin mechanics , the action of forces to squeeze crush , or push
together any material or substance ( contrast with tension ) .
compression crack - answerfracture caused by compressive stress .
Acceptable risk - - answer the degree or amount of risk that the owner manager , or
controlling authority is willing to accept .
acceptable risk threshold - answer the highest level of risk that does not exceed the
owner / manager's tolerance .
advanced assessment Level 3 - answer advanced -an assessment performed to
provide detailed information about specific tree parts , defects , targets , or site
conditions . Specialized equipment , data collection and analysis , d / or expertise are
usually required .
adventitious branch - branch - answer branch arising from a stem or parent branch and
having no connection to apical meristems .
adventitious root- - answer-roots arising from roots or stems and having no connection
to apical meristems .
aerial inspection - answerof the upper tree parts not readily accessed from the ground ;
typically done by climbing or from an aerial lift .
analysis - answerdetailed examination of the elements or structure of bu something .
aerial patrol - answeroverflights of a utility right - of - way , large areas , or bu individual
trees in a defined area to record the location of trees that are likely to fail and cause
harm .
analysis - answeranalysis detailed examination of the elements or structure of
something .
angiosperm - answerplant with seeds borne in an ovary . Consists of two large groups :
monocotyledons ( grasses , palms , and related plants ) and dicotyledons ( most woody
trees , shrubs herbaceous plants , and related plants ) ( contrast with gymnosperm ) .
annual rings - answerrings of xylem that are visible in a cross section of the stem ,
branches , and roots of some trees . In temperate zones , the rings typically represent
one year of growth
barrier zone - answercabling chemical and anatomical barrier formed by the cambium
present at the time of wounding in response to wounding . Inhibits the spread of decay
into xylem tissue formed after the time of wounding . Wall 4 in the CODIT model
( contrast with reaction zone ) .
,basal swelling - answerincreased wood growth in the area near or where the trunk and
roots come together . basic
basic assessment Level 2 - answer-detailed visual inspection of a tree the tree trunk
looking at the visible aboveground roots , trunk , It requires that a tree risk assessor
inspect completely around and surrounding site that may include the use of simple tools
. branches , and site .
bending moment - answerturning , bending or twisting force exerted by a lever , defined
as the force ( acting perpendicular to the lever ) multiplied by the length of the lever
( see moment ) .
biomechanics tree biomechanics - answer-the study of the action of forces on living
trees .
bow - answerleans characterized by the top of the tree bending over more than the
lower trunk , creating a curve .
brace rod (rigid brace) - answerbrace ) -metal rod used to support weak sec tions or
crotches of a tree .
bracket - answerthe fruiting body of a decay fungus ( see conk ) .
breach of duty (of care) - answer-failure to take reasonable care to avoid injury or
damage to a person or property in a situation where the law imposes a duty of care .
brown rot - - answerfungal wood rot characterized by the breakdown of cellulose
( contrast with soft rot and white rot ) .
buckling - answerfailure mode characteristic of collapsing under com pressive stress .
bulge - answerswellings on branches , trunks , or root flares ; often caused by new
tissue formed as a response to movement and that rein forces the wood structure at the
weak area
buttress root - - answerroots at the trunk base that help support the tree and equalize
mechanical stress .
butt rot - - answerdecay of the lower trunk , trunk flare , or buttress roots .
cabling flexible bracing - answer-installation of steel or synthetic cable in a tree to
provide supplemental support to weak branches or branch unions
callus - answerundifferentiated tissue formed by the cambium , usually as the result of
wounding ( contrast with woundwood ) .
, callus - answerundifferentiated tissue formed by the cambium , usually as the result of
wounding ( contrast with woundwood ) .
cambium - answerthin layer ( s ) of meristematic cells that give rise ( outward ) to the
phloem and ( inward ) to the xylem , increasing stem and root diameter .
canker - answerlocalized diseased area on stems , roots , and branches . Often
shrunken and discolored .
cavity - answeropen or closed hollow within a tree stem , branch , or root , usually
associated with decay .
cellulose - answercomplex carbohydrate found in the cellular walls the majority of plants
, algae , and certain fungi .
center of force - answerthe point toward or from which a force acts ; the resultant point
of aggregate forces .
client - answerthe person or organization for whom professional services are rendered .
Usually , the owner or manager responsible for the trees .
clinometer - answerinstrument used for measuring the height of a tree or other structure
.
CODIT - answeracronym for Compartmentalization of Decay in Trees ( see
compartmentalization ) .
codominant ( trees in a stand ) - answer-more than one tree sharing dominance in a
stand of trees codominant
codominant stem - answerforked branches nearly the same size in diameter , arising
from a common junction and lacking a normal branch union .
column of decay - answerwood decay inside a tree that extends longitudinally up and
down a stem or through a branch .
compartmentalization - answernatural defense process in trees by which chemical and
physical boundaries are created that act to limit the spread of disease and decay
organisms ( see CODIT ) .
compression - answerin mechanics , the action of forces to squeeze crush , or push
together any material or substance ( contrast with tension ) .
compression crack - answerfracture caused by compressive stress .
