SOCI 1301 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

SOCI 1301 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Sociology is defined as - Answers The study of society and social interactions A level of analysis that focuses on larger trends in the society as a whole (such as the way in which language has changed) is - Answers macro analysis The concept of Sociological Imagination was introduced by - Answers C. W. Mills Sociological imagination is the ability to understand how your own past relates to that of other people, as well as history in general and social structures in particular - Answers True A study of changes in the US family structure is an example of patterns that sociologist study. Other examples of social patterns are: - Answers Declining age at marriage, increase in the level of economic disparities, increase in the suicide rates in the US The laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, rituals and all the cultural rules that govern social life are known as? - Answers Social facts How did industrial revolution impact society? - Answers it increased mobility, led to great social and political change, led to mass migration to the cities In 1838 ______ reinvented the term sociology and is widely known as the father of sociology - Answers Auguste Comte Comte was interested in identifying laws that govern society and addresses social problems. He named the scientific study of society as - Answers Positivism Harriet Martineau translated Comte's writings from French to English, thereby introducing sociology to English speaking world. - Answers True Karl Marx's idea that conflict leads to change in society is still one of the major theories used in modern sociology - Answers True By analyzing suicide statistics, this sociologist showed that suicide rates can be attributed to socio-religious forces rather than to individual or psychological causes. (Name the sociologists) - Answers Emile Durkheim A theory explains different aspects of social interactions and creates testable propositions called: - Answers Hypothesis Manifest functions are the consequences of a social process that are sought or anticipated - Answers True The view that society is like a living organism and each part of the organism has a function to perform, is presented by which theoretical perspective? - Answers Structural functionalism A theoretical perspective that views society as a competition for limited resources is: - Answers Conflict theory While macro theorist (structural functionalism and conflict theory) focus on large scale social institution, which perspective focuses on everyday social interaction. - Answers Symbolic interactionism Empirical evidence is based on our personal judgements and may be biased by our expectations or based on limited data. - Answers False The concept of "validity" in research refers to how likely research results are replicated if the study was reproduced. For example, if two researchers use the same statistical data, their results are reproduced and thus has validity. - Answers False In this example - higher the age at marriage, the lower the birth rate - age at marriage is independent variable and birth rate is a dependent variable. - Answers True When data is collected from subjects who respond to a series of questions about behaviors and opinions, the research method used is: - Answers Survey Using data collected by others but applying new interpretation is called primary data. - Answers False Quantitative data comprises information that is subjective and often based on what is seen in natural setting - Answers False A research method in which researchers join people and participate in a groups routine activities for the purpose of observing them within that context is known as: - Answers Participant observation A symbolic interactionist will prefer to use this research method - Answers Participant observation Culture has two basic elements, material and non-material culture. A wedding dress is an example of: - Answers Material culture Nonmaterial culture consists of ideas, attitudes and beliefs of a society. - Answers True England colonized many countries in Asia and Africa and deliberately imposed British cultural values on the residents of the colonies. This is an example of: - Answers Cultural Imperialism Carla goes to Cambodia as an exchange student. She is invited by a local host family for authentic Cambodian dinner. To her surprise and discomfort she is told that one of the dishes has dog meat in it. Carla is from Houston and has known dogs to be much loved pets. Thus Carla experienced: - Answers Cultural shock The existence of social norms, both formal and informal, is one of the main things that inform________, otherwise known as a way to encourage social conformity - Answers Social control The biggest difference between mores and folkways is that: - Answers Mores are primarily likened to morality, whereas folkways are primarily linked to being commonplace within a culture The practice of evaluating another culture according to the standards to one's own culture is known as ethnocentrism. - Answers True __________ are groups that maintain norms of the mainstream society but have their own specific identity apart from the society's majority. - Answers Subcultures The hippie movement of the 1960s is an example of: - Answers Counterculture You text your mom with a question regarding dinner plans. She reads the text on her phone, but calls you to give information. This is an example of: - Answers Cultural lag The notion that people cannot feel or experience something that they do not have a word for can be explained by: - Answers Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Societies are classified according to their development and use of technology. For most human history, people lived in preindustrial societies characterized by limited technology and low production of goods. - Answers True Unlike the hunter-gatherer society, Massai villagers rely on the domestication of animals as a resource for survival. Massai society is an example of: - Answers Pastoral society According to Durkheim, the communal beliefs, morals and attitudes of the society is: - Answers Collective conscience Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies: - Answers Industrial According to Marx, the _______ own the means of production - Answers Bourgeoisie According to Marx and Engels, a way of organizing an economy so that the means of production are owned by individual people and companies rather than by government is: - Answers Capitalism According to Marx the concept of ________ refers to a condition in which the individual is isolated from his or her society, work or the sense of self. - Answers Alienation The idea of predestination present in the Protestant Work Ethic states that, - Answers All events including salvation, have already being decided by God. The concept of iron cage rationality explains a situation in which individual is trapped by institutions and bureaucracy. This concept is associated with the following sociological thinker: - Answers Max Weber According to Peter Berger and Thomas Luckman, society is created by humans and human interaction (Social construction of reality), which they call: - Answers Habitualization Social status refers to responsibilities and benefits a person experiences according to his/her rank in the society. ___________ are patterns of behavior that are representative of a person's social status. - Answers Roles We all occupy achieved status and ascribed status. Being a student at HCC is an example of: - Answers Achieved status A single role, such as being a parents, may require many demands leading to: - Answers Role strain Durkheim's ideas about society can best be described as: - Answers Functionalist As members of society, we all come to understand social norms and expectations, learn about cultural believes and values. ______________ is a process through which we are taught to be proficient members of a society. - Answers Socialization Physical acts such as walking, sitting, smiling and standing are natural behaviors and not learnt through the process of socialization. - Answers False A series of experiments (rhesus monkeys) conducted by Harry and Margaret Harlow showed that: - Answers Extreme isolation led to significant social and developmental challenges What occurs in Lawrence Kohlberg's conventional level: - Answers Awareness and concern for others feelings while deciding what is "good" or "bad" What did Carol Gilligan believe earlier researchers had overlooked: - Answers The perspective of females According to George Herbert Mead, self (a distinct identity) is developed through________ - Answers