BIOLOGY - 110 (CHAPTER 41) EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Information flow: (definition) - Correct Answers -Peripheral (sensory) to Central
(processing) to Peripheral (response)
Peripheral nervous system: (definition) - Correct Answers -Neurons in the nose and
mouth detect stimuli (odor and taste) and send signals to the brain
Central nervous system: (definition) - Correct Answers -Neurons in the brain interpret
the signals as food.
Peripheral nervous system: (definition) - Correct Answers -The brain sends a signal to
neurons in the PNS that
stimulate the salivation response.
Neurons are- (definition) - Correct Answers -Cells that send and receive electrical and
chemical signals to and from other neurons or other cells throughout the body.
All animals except _____ have neurons - Correct Answers -sponges
Number of neurons vary widely as a _____and _____. - Correct Answers -function of
size and behavioral complexity
A neuron is a _____ cell. - Correct Answers -nerve
Cell body contains _____ and _____. - Correct Answers -nucleus and organelles
Dendrites receive ______. - Correct Answers -signals
a) Axons send ______.
b) Axon hillock is near the _____.
c) Axon terminals convey ____ or ____ message to other
cells at ____. - Correct Answers -1) Usually one signal
2) cell body
3) electrical or chemical
4) synapse
, Neurons usually can't ____, but they can _____. - Correct Answers -divide
grow extensions
A single glial cell- (definition) - Correct Answers -wraps itself around an axon to form a
segment of the myelins heath.
Dendrites- (definition) - Correct Answers -receive electrical and chemical messages
from other neurons
Cell body- (definition) - Correct Answers -processes incoming signals and generates out
going
signals.
Axon sends outgoing signals to ______. - Correct Answers -axon terminals
Axon terminals- (definition) - Correct Answers -make contact with nearby cells and
transmit signals to them.
____ are support cells for neurons. - Correct Answers -Glia
Glia are more numerous than _____. - Correct Answers -neurons
Astrocytes - (definition) - Correct Answers -metabolic support, blood-brain barrier,
"bouncer"
Microglia - (definition) - Correct Answers -remove cellular debris like macrophages do
Myelin sheath produced by ______ and _____. - Correct Answers -oligodendrocytes
(CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS)
A ______ of the IPSPs and EPSPs sets the new potential, making the neuron easier or
harder to fire - Correct Answers -summation
Unlike action potentials, _______ are graded and do not regenerate (it's like turning a
knob instead of flipping a switch) - Correct Answers -postsynaptic potentials
Most neurons have many synapses on their dendrites and cell body; each has an _____
or _____ effect - Correct Answers -excitatory or inhibitory
_______ produced by oligodendrocytes (CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS). - Correct
Answers -Myelin sheath
Glia may function as _____ to produce more
glial cells and neurons - Correct Answers -stem cells
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Information flow: (definition) - Correct Answers -Peripheral (sensory) to Central
(processing) to Peripheral (response)
Peripheral nervous system: (definition) - Correct Answers -Neurons in the nose and
mouth detect stimuli (odor and taste) and send signals to the brain
Central nervous system: (definition) - Correct Answers -Neurons in the brain interpret
the signals as food.
Peripheral nervous system: (definition) - Correct Answers -The brain sends a signal to
neurons in the PNS that
stimulate the salivation response.
Neurons are- (definition) - Correct Answers -Cells that send and receive electrical and
chemical signals to and from other neurons or other cells throughout the body.
All animals except _____ have neurons - Correct Answers -sponges
Number of neurons vary widely as a _____and _____. - Correct Answers -function of
size and behavioral complexity
A neuron is a _____ cell. - Correct Answers -nerve
Cell body contains _____ and _____. - Correct Answers -nucleus and organelles
Dendrites receive ______. - Correct Answers -signals
a) Axons send ______.
b) Axon hillock is near the _____.
c) Axon terminals convey ____ or ____ message to other
cells at ____. - Correct Answers -1) Usually one signal
2) cell body
3) electrical or chemical
4) synapse
, Neurons usually can't ____, but they can _____. - Correct Answers -divide
grow extensions
A single glial cell- (definition) - Correct Answers -wraps itself around an axon to form a
segment of the myelins heath.
Dendrites- (definition) - Correct Answers -receive electrical and chemical messages
from other neurons
Cell body- (definition) - Correct Answers -processes incoming signals and generates out
going
signals.
Axon sends outgoing signals to ______. - Correct Answers -axon terminals
Axon terminals- (definition) - Correct Answers -make contact with nearby cells and
transmit signals to them.
____ are support cells for neurons. - Correct Answers -Glia
Glia are more numerous than _____. - Correct Answers -neurons
Astrocytes - (definition) - Correct Answers -metabolic support, blood-brain barrier,
"bouncer"
Microglia - (definition) - Correct Answers -remove cellular debris like macrophages do
Myelin sheath produced by ______ and _____. - Correct Answers -oligodendrocytes
(CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS)
A ______ of the IPSPs and EPSPs sets the new potential, making the neuron easier or
harder to fire - Correct Answers -summation
Unlike action potentials, _______ are graded and do not regenerate (it's like turning a
knob instead of flipping a switch) - Correct Answers -postsynaptic potentials
Most neurons have many synapses on their dendrites and cell body; each has an _____
or _____ effect - Correct Answers -excitatory or inhibitory
_______ produced by oligodendrocytes (CNS) and Schwann cells (PNS). - Correct
Answers -Myelin sheath
Glia may function as _____ to produce more
glial cells and neurons - Correct Answers -stem cells
