NU 325 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
Medical dx - ANS only made by doctors
nursing dx - ANS used to evaluate the response of the whole person to actual or potential
health problems
nursing process - ANS - iterative process allowing practitioners to move back and forth while
caring for the needs of complex pts.
- Includes six phases: assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation,
evaluation
"A Delicious Orange PIE" - ANS Assessment- collect data
Diagnosis- interpret data
Outcome identification- identify the expected outcomes
Planning
Implementation- doing what you planned
Evaluation- was the outcome we wanted achieved?
inspection phase - ANS concentrated watching. Checking for abnormalities before continuing.
Inspection begins the moment you first meet a person and develop a "general survey"
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,purpose of percussion - ANS - mapping out the location and size of an organ by exploring
where the percussion note changes b/n the borders of an organ and its neighbors
- signaling the density (air, fluid, or solid) of a structure by a characteristic note
- detecting an abnormal mass if its fairly superficial; the percussion vibrations penetrate a/b 5
cm deep---a deeper mass would give no change in percussion
- eliciting a deep tendon reflex using the percussion hammer
diaphragm - ANS used for high-pitched sounds → breath, bowel, and normal heart sounds.
Hold the diaphragm firmly a/g the person's skin, firm enough to leave a slight ring afterwards
bell - ANS used for soft,low-pitched sounds such as extra heart sounds or murmurs. Hold it
lightly a/g the person's skin, just enough that it forms a perfect seal
1st level priorities - ANS emergent, life threatening
airway, breathing, circulation, vital signs
2nd level priorities - ANS requires prompt intervention to forestall further deterioration
acute pain, mental status change, abnormal labs, risk of infection
3rd level priorities - ANS those that are important to the pt's health but can be addressed
after more urgent problems. Interventions to treat these problems are more long term, and the
response to treatment is expected to take more time
subjective data - ANS what the pt says, biased
objective data - ANS unbiased, what the pt cannot see, labs
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, how do you prioritize patient problems/diagnosis? - ANS airway → breathing → circulation →
perfusion
spirituality - ANS broader term focused on a connection to something larger than oneself and
a belief in transcendence
religion - ANS organized system of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the
universe, as well as the attendance of regular services
role of nurse with DM - ANS for neglect in the elderly and children, report your suspicions to
the proper authorities. No evidence is needed, when in doubt, REPORT
BMI - ANS weight (lbs.) / height (in.) * 703
- normal = 18.5-24.9
- <18.8 → underweight
- want to be less than 25 > 30 = obese
negative effects on elderly nutritional status - ANS lack of taste, medications, teeth issues,
decreased GI motility, decrease visual acuity, decreased saliva production
how long would you monitor a heart rate if it is irregular - ANS 1 full minute
proper way to take a BP - ANS palpate pulse in radial artery,
Let air out 2-4 mmHg/second.
Listen for first and last sounds, Pt shouldn't cross legs, chew gum, drink caffeine, etc in the past
30 minutes or smoked in the past 5 minutes.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
Medical dx - ANS only made by doctors
nursing dx - ANS used to evaluate the response of the whole person to actual or potential
health problems
nursing process - ANS - iterative process allowing practitioners to move back and forth while
caring for the needs of complex pts.
- Includes six phases: assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation,
evaluation
"A Delicious Orange PIE" - ANS Assessment- collect data
Diagnosis- interpret data
Outcome identification- identify the expected outcomes
Planning
Implementation- doing what you planned
Evaluation- was the outcome we wanted achieved?
inspection phase - ANS concentrated watching. Checking for abnormalities before continuing.
Inspection begins the moment you first meet a person and develop a "general survey"
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 1
,purpose of percussion - ANS - mapping out the location and size of an organ by exploring
where the percussion note changes b/n the borders of an organ and its neighbors
- signaling the density (air, fluid, or solid) of a structure by a characteristic note
- detecting an abnormal mass if its fairly superficial; the percussion vibrations penetrate a/b 5
cm deep---a deeper mass would give no change in percussion
- eliciting a deep tendon reflex using the percussion hammer
diaphragm - ANS used for high-pitched sounds → breath, bowel, and normal heart sounds.
Hold the diaphragm firmly a/g the person's skin, firm enough to leave a slight ring afterwards
bell - ANS used for soft,low-pitched sounds such as extra heart sounds or murmurs. Hold it
lightly a/g the person's skin, just enough that it forms a perfect seal
1st level priorities - ANS emergent, life threatening
airway, breathing, circulation, vital signs
2nd level priorities - ANS requires prompt intervention to forestall further deterioration
acute pain, mental status change, abnormal labs, risk of infection
3rd level priorities - ANS those that are important to the pt's health but can be addressed
after more urgent problems. Interventions to treat these problems are more long term, and the
response to treatment is expected to take more time
subjective data - ANS what the pt says, biased
objective data - ANS unbiased, what the pt cannot see, labs
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 2
, how do you prioritize patient problems/diagnosis? - ANS airway → breathing → circulation →
perfusion
spirituality - ANS broader term focused on a connection to something larger than oneself and
a belief in transcendence
religion - ANS organized system of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the
universe, as well as the attendance of regular services
role of nurse with DM - ANS for neglect in the elderly and children, report your suspicions to
the proper authorities. No evidence is needed, when in doubt, REPORT
BMI - ANS weight (lbs.) / height (in.) * 703
- normal = 18.5-24.9
- <18.8 → underweight
- want to be less than 25 > 30 = obese
negative effects on elderly nutritional status - ANS lack of taste, medications, teeth issues,
decreased GI motility, decrease visual acuity, decreased saliva production
how long would you monitor a heart rate if it is irregular - ANS 1 full minute
proper way to take a BP - ANS palpate pulse in radial artery,
Let air out 2-4 mmHg/second.
Listen for first and last sounds, Pt shouldn't cross legs, chew gum, drink caffeine, etc in the past
30 minutes or smoked in the past 5 minutes.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED 3
