NUR 258
NUR258 Exam 5 |with Correct Answers| 2026
Pap Smear
Identify precancerous cells of the cervix. To look for cervical cancer.
HPV Test
Identify HPV infection that can lead to cervical cancer
CA-125
Ovarian cancer test.
Immunodiagnostic blood test (tumor marker)
Elevated in ovarian cancer and endometriosis
Pelvic Exam w/ Pap and HPV tests - pre procedure
Have client empty bladder
place in lithotomy positions
Education:
- Explain procedure
- Schedule when not menstruating and at least 6 days after cycle
- Use of vag med, douching, intercourse withint 24 hours can alter results and should be
avoided.
- Mild discomfort/cramping during exam
Pelvic Exam w/ Pap and HPV tests - post procedure
Provide client with perineal pads/tissues
Minimal bleeding can occur
Colposcopy and Cervical Biopsy
Usually performed if the PAP test reveals atypical cells/precancerous
Examination of tissues of vagina and cervix using a microscope
Can perform endocervical curettage if lesions are present.
best done during early phast of menstrual cycle since less vascular.
Cone biopsy
Cone Biopsy
Excise a cone-shaped sample of tissues to remove harmful cells. Can destroy cells using
cryosurgery, lasers, or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).
Colposcopy and Cervical Biopsy Education
NUR 258
, NUR 258
May experience temp discomfort and cramping
rest 24 hours after
Don't insert anything into vagina for 2 weeks.
Don't life heavy objects for 2 weeks
Avoid aspirin
Report excessive bleeding, fever, and foul-smellling drainage to provider.
Endometrial Biopsy
The removal of a small piece of tissue from endometrium.
Procedure that helps diagnose potential causes of abnormal uterine bleeding.
Used for diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia or uterine cancer.
Endometrial Biopsy Procedure
Rule out pregnancy before
empty bladder
admin analgesia prn
Obtain consent
Explain discomfort potential
Vaginal spotting 1-2 days after, avoid inserting anything until no bleeding.
Report fevers, purulent discharge, heavy bleeding, or severe pain
Hysterosalpingogram
A test used to visualize the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes using contrast dye and x-
rays
Evaluates for infertility, fibroids, and tumors.
Dye goes through, you can see if there are any blocks or anything.
Hysterosalpingogram Procedure
Pre: confirm last period date, iodine allergy, consent form, prepare for pelvic exam.
Procedure: Remain for support and arranging equipment
Post: minimal bleeding and cramping expected, give analgesics, report heavy bleeding,
fevers, or purulent vaginal discharge.
Breast Ultrasound
Useful modality for confirming and looking at cysts within the breast, thyroid, and skin
US guided needle drainage of cysts allows for accurate localization of cyst
Local anesthetic required prior to needle aspiration or needle biopsy of a lesion.
Noninvasive Breast Cancer
NUR 258
NUR258 Exam 5 |with Correct Answers| 2026
Pap Smear
Identify precancerous cells of the cervix. To look for cervical cancer.
HPV Test
Identify HPV infection that can lead to cervical cancer
CA-125
Ovarian cancer test.
Immunodiagnostic blood test (tumor marker)
Elevated in ovarian cancer and endometriosis
Pelvic Exam w/ Pap and HPV tests - pre procedure
Have client empty bladder
place in lithotomy positions
Education:
- Explain procedure
- Schedule when not menstruating and at least 6 days after cycle
- Use of vag med, douching, intercourse withint 24 hours can alter results and should be
avoided.
- Mild discomfort/cramping during exam
Pelvic Exam w/ Pap and HPV tests - post procedure
Provide client with perineal pads/tissues
Minimal bleeding can occur
Colposcopy and Cervical Biopsy
Usually performed if the PAP test reveals atypical cells/precancerous
Examination of tissues of vagina and cervix using a microscope
Can perform endocervical curettage if lesions are present.
best done during early phast of menstrual cycle since less vascular.
Cone biopsy
Cone Biopsy
Excise a cone-shaped sample of tissues to remove harmful cells. Can destroy cells using
cryosurgery, lasers, or loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).
Colposcopy and Cervical Biopsy Education
NUR 258
, NUR 258
May experience temp discomfort and cramping
rest 24 hours after
Don't insert anything into vagina for 2 weeks.
Don't life heavy objects for 2 weeks
Avoid aspirin
Report excessive bleeding, fever, and foul-smellling drainage to provider.
Endometrial Biopsy
The removal of a small piece of tissue from endometrium.
Procedure that helps diagnose potential causes of abnormal uterine bleeding.
Used for diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia or uterine cancer.
Endometrial Biopsy Procedure
Rule out pregnancy before
empty bladder
admin analgesia prn
Obtain consent
Explain discomfort potential
Vaginal spotting 1-2 days after, avoid inserting anything until no bleeding.
Report fevers, purulent discharge, heavy bleeding, or severe pain
Hysterosalpingogram
A test used to visualize the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes using contrast dye and x-
rays
Evaluates for infertility, fibroids, and tumors.
Dye goes through, you can see if there are any blocks or anything.
Hysterosalpingogram Procedure
Pre: confirm last period date, iodine allergy, consent form, prepare for pelvic exam.
Procedure: Remain for support and arranging equipment
Post: minimal bleeding and cramping expected, give analgesics, report heavy bleeding,
fevers, or purulent vaginal discharge.
Breast Ultrasound
Useful modality for confirming and looking at cysts within the breast, thyroid, and skin
US guided needle drainage of cysts allows for accurate localization of cyst
Local anesthetic required prior to needle aspiration or needle biopsy of a lesion.
Noninvasive Breast Cancer
NUR 258
