ASU BIO 340 Exam 3 Exam (updated 2026) Questions & Answers | Latest
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1. genetic material material that contains information that, when
passed to a new generation, influences the form
and characteristics of each individual
2. genetic material characteristics replication, storage of information, expression of
information, and variation by mutation
3. transcription synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
4. translation chemical information in mRNA directs the construc-
tion of a chain of amino acids, which then folds into
a protein
5. central dogma of molecular genetics DNA makes RNA, which makes proteins
6. transformation heritable change in a cell or an organism brought
about by exogenous DNA; known to occur naturally
and also used in recombinant DNA studies
7. retrovirus RNA virus that uses DNA as their hereditary material
8. reverse transcription RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of the
complementary DNA molecule
9. nucleotide structural unit consisting of a nitrogenous base, a
pentose sugar, and a phosphate group
10. guanine nine-member double ring purine, pairs with cyto-
sine using 3 hydrogen bonds
11. adenine nine-member double ring purine, pairs with
thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA using 2 hydrogen
bonds
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12. cytosine six-member single ring pyrimidine, pairs with gua-
nine using 3 hydrogen bonds
13. thymine six-member single ring pyrimidine, pairs with ade-
nine in DNA using 2 hydrogen bonds
14. uracil six-member single ring pyrimidine, pairs with ade-
nine in RNA using 2 hydrogen bonds
15. ribose sugar found in ribonucleic acids
16. deoxyribose sugar found in deoxyribonucleic acids
17. nucleoside structural unit containing a nitrogenous base and
pentose sugar
18. nucleoside triphosphate serves as the precursor molecule during nucleic
acid synthesis within the cell
19. phosphodiester bond in nucleic acids, covalent bonds by which a phos-
phate group links adjacent nucleotides, extending
from the 5' carbon of one pentose sugar to the
3' carbon of the pentose sugar in the neighboring
nucleotide
20. oligonucleotide short chain consisting of up to 30 nucleotides linked
together
21. polynucleotide long chain of nucleotides linked together
22. ribosomal RNA type of RNA that combines with proteins to form
ribosomes
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23. messenger RNA RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for
the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA
to the rest of the cell
24. transfer RNA type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to
ribosomes during protein synthesis
25. ribosome functions as a nonspecific workbench where pro-
teins are synthesized during translation
26. small nuclear RNA molecules synthesized by RNA polymerase III that
have a variety of functions, including splicing
pre-mRNAs and regulating transcription factors
27. micro RNA small RNA molecules, usually 22 nucleotides long,
that silence the expression of specific mRNAs either
by inhibiting translation or promoting degradation
28. short interfering RNA short double-stranded RNA molecules that trigger
RNA interference
29. semiconservative replication a mode of DNA replication in which a dou-
ble-stranded molecule replicates in such a way that
the daughter molecules are each composed of one
parental and one newly synthesized strand
30. replication fork A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule
where new strands are growing.
31. replicon length of DNA that is replicated following one initi-
ation event at a single origin
32. bidirectional replication
Already Graded A+ UPDATE |2026
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5cxu5
1. genetic material material that contains information that, when
passed to a new generation, influences the form
and characteristics of each individual
2. genetic material characteristics replication, storage of information, expression of
information, and variation by mutation
3. transcription synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
4. translation chemical information in mRNA directs the construc-
tion of a chain of amino acids, which then folds into
a protein
5. central dogma of molecular genetics DNA makes RNA, which makes proteins
6. transformation heritable change in a cell or an organism brought
about by exogenous DNA; known to occur naturally
and also used in recombinant DNA studies
7. retrovirus RNA virus that uses DNA as their hereditary material
8. reverse transcription RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of the
complementary DNA molecule
9. nucleotide structural unit consisting of a nitrogenous base, a
pentose sugar, and a phosphate group
10. guanine nine-member double ring purine, pairs with cyto-
sine using 3 hydrogen bonds
11. adenine nine-member double ring purine, pairs with
thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA using 2 hydrogen
bonds
, ASU BIO 340 Exam 3 Exam (updated 2026) Questions & Answers | Latest
Already Graded A+ UPDATE |2026
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5cxu5
12. cytosine six-member single ring pyrimidine, pairs with gua-
nine using 3 hydrogen bonds
13. thymine six-member single ring pyrimidine, pairs with ade-
nine in DNA using 2 hydrogen bonds
14. uracil six-member single ring pyrimidine, pairs with ade-
nine in RNA using 2 hydrogen bonds
15. ribose sugar found in ribonucleic acids
16. deoxyribose sugar found in deoxyribonucleic acids
17. nucleoside structural unit containing a nitrogenous base and
pentose sugar
18. nucleoside triphosphate serves as the precursor molecule during nucleic
acid synthesis within the cell
19. phosphodiester bond in nucleic acids, covalent bonds by which a phos-
phate group links adjacent nucleotides, extending
from the 5' carbon of one pentose sugar to the
3' carbon of the pentose sugar in the neighboring
nucleotide
20. oligonucleotide short chain consisting of up to 30 nucleotides linked
together
21. polynucleotide long chain of nucleotides linked together
22. ribosomal RNA type of RNA that combines with proteins to form
ribosomes
, ASU BIO 340 Exam 3 Exam (updated 2026) Questions & Answers | Latest
Already Graded A+ UPDATE |2026
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_j5cxu5
23. messenger RNA RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for
the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA
to the rest of the cell
24. transfer RNA type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to
ribosomes during protein synthesis
25. ribosome functions as a nonspecific workbench where pro-
teins are synthesized during translation
26. small nuclear RNA molecules synthesized by RNA polymerase III that
have a variety of functions, including splicing
pre-mRNAs and regulating transcription factors
27. micro RNA small RNA molecules, usually 22 nucleotides long,
that silence the expression of specific mRNAs either
by inhibiting translation or promoting degradation
28. short interfering RNA short double-stranded RNA molecules that trigger
RNA interference
29. semiconservative replication a mode of DNA replication in which a dou-
ble-stranded molecule replicates in such a way that
the daughter molecules are each composed of one
parental and one newly synthesized strand
30. replication fork A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule
where new strands are growing.
31. replicon length of DNA that is replicated following one initi-
ation event at a single origin
32. bidirectional replication
