N341 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
What are the two types of surgery? - ANSWER 1. Ambulatory (same
day/outpatient)
2. Inpatient
4 Big themes of surgery - ANSWER 1. Wound healing
2. Blood pressure and blood volume
3. Airway
4. Psychosocial
What are the two classifications of surgery based on risk? - ANSWER 1. Major
2. Minor
What are the three classifications of surgery based on urgency? - ANSWER 1.
Elective
2. Urgent
3. Emergency
Elective surgery - ANSWER Chosen and not vital for health
Ex: bunyon, breast reconstruction
Urgent surgery - ANSWER surgery that is not an emergency, but must be done
within a reasonably short time frame. No risk to life or limb in that immediate
setting.
Emergency surgery - ANSWER risk of life or limb if the surgery is not performed
immediately
Purposes of surgery - ANSWER -Diagnostic (to determine cause of diagnosis
-Abiative (curative- to remove a diseased part)
-Palliative (no cure- symptom control/relief)
-Exploration (to determine nature/extent of disease)
-Reconstructive (to restore function)
-Transplant (to replace organ)
-Constructive (replace organ d/t congenital defect)
-Preventative (removal before disease)
-Cosmetic (to improve personal appearance)
Diagnostic surgery - ANSWER Determines cause of diagnosis
, Abiative surgery - ANSWER curative; removes diseased part
Palliative surgery - ANSWER no cure; symptom control/relief
Exploratory surgery - ANSWER determines nature/extent of disease
Reconstruction surgery - ANSWER restores function
Transplant surgery - ANSWER removes an organ
Constructive surgery - ANSWER replace organ d/t congenital defect
Preventative surgery - ANSWER removal before diseased
cosmetic surgery - ANSWER improves personal appearance
-ectomy - ANSWER removal of organ
-rrhaphy - ANSWER suturing or stitching
-ostomy - ANSWER making an opening
-otomy - ANSWER cutting into
-plasty - ANSWER formation or plastic repair
-scopy - ANSWER looking into
-lysis - ANSWER destruction of
How can surgery be a stressor? - ANSWER -physical, psychological, social,
occupational, cultural age
-pain, immobilization, tissue damage, blood loss, anethesia
-Stimuli from OR
What is the neuroendocrine response to physical stress? - ANSWER -fight or
flight response; occurs when pt. is under stress from anesthesia, cut open,
organs manipulated
-sympathetic nervous system is stimulated, will release stress hormones
epinephrine and norepinephrine
-these hormones try to conserve blood volume
-blood is diverted away from GI so that we can use it in our heart, brain, etc. by
vasoconstriction
ANSWERS A+ GRADED
What are the two types of surgery? - ANSWER 1. Ambulatory (same
day/outpatient)
2. Inpatient
4 Big themes of surgery - ANSWER 1. Wound healing
2. Blood pressure and blood volume
3. Airway
4. Psychosocial
What are the two classifications of surgery based on risk? - ANSWER 1. Major
2. Minor
What are the three classifications of surgery based on urgency? - ANSWER 1.
Elective
2. Urgent
3. Emergency
Elective surgery - ANSWER Chosen and not vital for health
Ex: bunyon, breast reconstruction
Urgent surgery - ANSWER surgery that is not an emergency, but must be done
within a reasonably short time frame. No risk to life or limb in that immediate
setting.
Emergency surgery - ANSWER risk of life or limb if the surgery is not performed
immediately
Purposes of surgery - ANSWER -Diagnostic (to determine cause of diagnosis
-Abiative (curative- to remove a diseased part)
-Palliative (no cure- symptom control/relief)
-Exploration (to determine nature/extent of disease)
-Reconstructive (to restore function)
-Transplant (to replace organ)
-Constructive (replace organ d/t congenital defect)
-Preventative (removal before disease)
-Cosmetic (to improve personal appearance)
Diagnostic surgery - ANSWER Determines cause of diagnosis
, Abiative surgery - ANSWER curative; removes diseased part
Palliative surgery - ANSWER no cure; symptom control/relief
Exploratory surgery - ANSWER determines nature/extent of disease
Reconstruction surgery - ANSWER restores function
Transplant surgery - ANSWER removes an organ
Constructive surgery - ANSWER replace organ d/t congenital defect
Preventative surgery - ANSWER removal before diseased
cosmetic surgery - ANSWER improves personal appearance
-ectomy - ANSWER removal of organ
-rrhaphy - ANSWER suturing or stitching
-ostomy - ANSWER making an opening
-otomy - ANSWER cutting into
-plasty - ANSWER formation or plastic repair
-scopy - ANSWER looking into
-lysis - ANSWER destruction of
How can surgery be a stressor? - ANSWER -physical, psychological, social,
occupational, cultural age
-pain, immobilization, tissue damage, blood loss, anethesia
-Stimuli from OR
What is the neuroendocrine response to physical stress? - ANSWER -fight or
flight response; occurs when pt. is under stress from anesthesia, cut open,
organs manipulated
-sympathetic nervous system is stimulated, will release stress hormones
epinephrine and norepinephrine
-these hormones try to conserve blood volume
-blood is diverted away from GI so that we can use it in our heart, brain, etc. by
vasoconstriction
