Genetics is the study of heredity and variation in living organisms.
Father of Genetics: Gregor Mendel.
Gene: Unit of heredity located on chromosomes.
DNA: Genetic material carrying information.
Chromosomes: Thread-like structures in nucleus.
Mendel’s Laws:
1. Law of Dominance – Dominant allele expresses itself.
2. Law of Segregation – Alleles separate during gamete formation.
3. Law of Independent Assortment – Traits assort independently.
Genotype: Genetic makeup of organism.
Phenotype: Physical appearance.
Dominant Trait: Expressed even in presence of recessive allele.
Recessive Trait: Expressed only when both alleles are same.
Punnett Square: Tool to predict genetic crosses.
Mutation: Sudden change in DNA sequence.
Examples of genetic disorders: Hemophilia, Color blindness.
Father of Genetics: Gregor Mendel.
Gene: Unit of heredity located on chromosomes.
DNA: Genetic material carrying information.
Chromosomes: Thread-like structures in nucleus.
Mendel’s Laws:
1. Law of Dominance – Dominant allele expresses itself.
2. Law of Segregation – Alleles separate during gamete formation.
3. Law of Independent Assortment – Traits assort independently.
Genotype: Genetic makeup of organism.
Phenotype: Physical appearance.
Dominant Trait: Expressed even in presence of recessive allele.
Recessive Trait: Expressed only when both alleles are same.
Punnett Square: Tool to predict genetic crosses.
Mutation: Sudden change in DNA sequence.
Examples of genetic disorders: Hemophilia, Color blindness.
