Final Exam: NU664C/ NU 664C (2026/2027 Update) Family Psychiatric Mental Health II | Questions & Answers | Verified Solutions | Regis

…..DLDD Final Exam: NU664C/ NU 664C (2026/2027 Update) Family Psychiatric Mental Health II | Questions & Answers | Verified Solutions | Regis Q. A psychiatric-mental health nurse is providing care for a client with a mental disorder. The client is participating in the decision-making process. The nurse interprets this as which component of recovery? a. Collaborative b. Holistic c. Self-direction d. Person-centered Answer a. Collaborative Q. A nurse is explaining recovery to the family of a client diagnosed with a mental disorder. Which statement would be most appropriate for the nurse to include about this process? a. "Although peer support is important, the self-acceptance is essential." b. "It is a step-by-step process from being ill to being well." c. "The client focuses mainly on the emotional aspects of their condition." d. "The client is helped to live a meaningful life to their fullest potential." Answer d. "The client is helped to live a meaningful life to their fullest potential." Q. When assessing a client with a mental illness, the nurse determines that the client is experiencing label avoidance when the client states which of the following? a. "I'll never be able to function in the world." b. "I'm as crazy as everybody thinks I am." c. "I'm at the cause of my illness." d. "I really don't need to see anyone." Answer d. "I really don't need to see anyone." Q. A psychiatric-mental health nurse is working with a client who is being treated for depression. Which client statement would indicate that their spirituality is intact? a. "Nothing will ever be the same again; my life is not worth living." b. "I know God must be punishing me for all my sins." c. "I know I am as well off as I can be under the circumstances." d. "My church friends came to visit me this past Sunday afternoon." Answer c. "I know I am as well off as I can be under the circumstances." Q. A client is being treated for prostate cancer; his prognosis is very poor. The client has a strong faith, and he has been active in his church for many years. He is concerned about his health and the challenges he faces as his cancer progresses. Which comment by the nurse reflects the most appropriate spiritual nursing intervention for the client? a. "I'll take you to visit my church if you can get a pass." b. "You have to belong to the same church I do if you're going to go to heaven." c. "Would you like me to bring you a guided imagery audiotape?" d. "We can pray together if you'd like." Answer d. "We can pray together if you'd like." Q. A psychiatric-mental health nurse determines that a client is competent when they are able to do which action? a. Speak coherent English b. Comply with the medical regimen c. Communicate their choices d. Write a "living will" Answer c. Communicate their choices Q. The nurse is providing care to a client who is hospitalized with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which statement would be appropriate for the nurse to include in the client's medical record? a. "Reported they are unable to sleep because he heard voices throughout the night." b. "Acted crazily throughout the night; kept hearing voices and noises." c. "Client stated that they had a good night with no complaints." d. "Had a typical night without incidence of insomnia or nightmares." Answer a. "Reported they are unable to sleep because he heard voices throughout the night." Q. A nurse working on the psychiatric unit receives a telephone call from the employer of one of the clients on the unit. The employer asks to be sent a copy of Mr. Murray's latest laboratory work and psychological testing results so Mr. Murray's medical records in employee health can be kept up-to-date. Based on the nurse's knowledge about issues surrounding breach of confidentiality, which response would be the most appropriate? a. "Sure, give me your address, and I will see that the information is sent to you." b. "I'm sorry; we're not allowed to give out that information about our client." c. "I am unable to acknowledge whether or not a Mr. Murray is a client on this unit." d. "I'll have to get the client's signed consent before we can send that information to you." Answer c. "I am unable to acknowledge whether or not a Mr. Murray is a client on this unit." Q. A client is involuntarily committed without a court order. The nurse understands that the emergency, short-term hospitalization can occur for how long? a. One week b. three to five days c. 48 to 92 hours d. A maximum of 24 hours Answer c. 48 to 92 hours Q. A psychiatric-mental health client has an advance care directive on their medical record. A clinician provides treatment that disregards the client's directive. The clinician would be liable for which of the following? a. False Imprisonment b. Medical Battery c. Assault d. Battery Answer b. Medical Battery Q. A psychiatric nursing class is discussing current trends in mental health care. A student voices the opinion that there should be equitable access to mental health care and resources for those who live in rural areas, for those without health insurance, and for those with very little income. The student nurse's opinion most closely reflects which ethical principle? a. Nonmaleficence b. Justice c. Paternalism d. Veracity Answer b. Justice Q. A nurse is working on developing ways to meet the challenge of knowledge development. What would be most appropriate? a. Reduce the burden of mental illness by fighting stigma. b. Provide culturally competent, high-quality nursing care. c. Access new information through continuing education programs. d. Improve access to community psychiatric care for all populations. Answer c. Access new information through continuing education programs. Q. A group of nursing students is reviewing the standards of professional performance. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which as a standard of professional performance? a. Prescriptive authority b. Consultation c. Collaboration d. Planning Answer c. Collaboration Q. A nurse is engaged in exercises to develop self-awareness. The nurse is using which tool? a. Plan of Care b. Reflection c. Interdisciplinary care d. Clinical Reasoning Answer b. Reflection Q. A nurse is presented with an ethical conflict when a client insists on leaving the hospital against medical and nursing advise. This situation best demonstrates the ethical conflict between which relevant principles? a. Fidelity vs Beneficence b. Justice vs Paternalism c. Autonomy vs Beneficence d. Veracity vs Autonomy Answer c. Autonomy vs Beneficence Q. A group of nursing students is reviewing information about Freud's personality structure. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify the ability to form mutually satisfying relationships as a function of aspect? a. Unconscious b. Ego c. Id d. Defense Mechanisms Answer b. Ego Q. Which area of the brain would a nursing instructor identify when describing its involvement with verbal language function, including areas for both receptive and expressive speech? a. Parietal lobe b. Left Hemisphere c. Occipital lobe d. Right hemisphere Answer b. Left Hemisphere Q. Which area of the brain would a nursing instructor identify when describing its involvement with verbal language function, including areas for both receptive and expressive speech? a. Parietal lobe b. Left Hemisphere c. Occipital lobe d. Right hemisphere Answer b. Left Hemisphere Q. A client has been diagnosed with memory dysfunction associated with Alzheimer disease. The nurse determines that damage to the client's brain includes deterioration of temporal lobe structures and the nerves of which structure? a. Frontal Lobe b. Limbic system c. Hippocampus d. Basal ganglia Answer c. Hippocampus Q. The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has a disorder of the hypothalamus. When developing the client's plan of care, in which area would the nurse anticipate a problem? a. Sleep b. Constipation c. Speech d. Motor Activity Answer a. Sleep Q. A nurse knows that chronobiology influences depression. Which statement is true regarding the relation between chronobiology and depression? a. A break in the corpus callosum blocks information exchange between the right and left hemispheres. b. The exact location of genes leads to identifying the gene responsible for causing depression. c. Damage to the posterior areas of the parietal lobe leads to altered discriminative sensory function. d. Internal and external triggers can elicit biologic rhythm changes indicative of clinical depression. Answer d. Internal and external triggers can elicit biologic rhythm changes indicative of clinical depression. Q. A nurse is giving a presentation to colleagues about the actions of neurotransmitters. The nurse correctly identifies which chemical as a neuropeptide? a. Glutamate b. Serotonin c. Gamma-aminobutyric acid d. Melatonin Answer d. Melatonin Q. A client is scheduled for a challenge test. Which information would the nurse include when explaining this test to the client? a. Evaluation of electrical impulses recorded on graph paper b. Intravenous administration of a substance to induce symptoms c. Exposure to a flashing strobe light to elicit abnormal activity d. Application of electrodes to the scalp for monitoring Answer b. Intravenous administration of a substance to induce symptoms Q. The nurse is planning short-term goals for a client to improve the client's self-esteem and treatment compliance. Which action by the nurse would assist the client to achieve these goals? a. Using the informed choice model to plan the client's care. b. Assisting the client in finding employment after discharge. c. Referring the client for peer support after discharge. d. Using shared decision-making model to plan the client's care. Answer d. Using shared decision-making model to plan the client's care. The nurse is screening clients for risk factors associated with limited or no access to health care. Which client should the nurse identify as having the highest risk? a. The 10-year-old child who lives on a farm and requires treatment for depression. b. The 20-year-old client who is homeless and requires treatment for diabetes mellitus. c. The 5-year-old child who lives in the city and requires treatment for leukemia. d. The 23-year-old client who is a veteran and requires treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). a. The 10-year-old child who lives on a farm and requires treatment for depression. The nurse is leading a support group on the mental health unit. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Empower each client to share as much or as little as desired within the group. b. Establish a connection by greeting each client by name and thanking each for joining the group. c. Encourage each client to invite a peer support person to come with him or her to the group sessions. d. Promote comfort by allowing each client to find a place to sit that makes the client comfortable with in the room. b. Establish a connection by greeting each client by name and thanking each for joining the group. The nurse is caring for a client with depression who was admitted for a substance use disorder. The nurse is using recovery oriented nursing care. Which goal would be the most appropriate for the client's care? a. To provide person-centered care b. To prevent re-admission c. To empower the client to maintain recovery d. To have the client achieve stigma resilience c. To empower the client to maintain recovery When engaged in therapeutic communication with a client who has a mental disorder, what is most important for the nurse to keep in mind? a. The client's conversations should be recorded. b. The nurse should have an empathetic relationship with the client. c. The nurse should self-disclose when indicated. d. The client is the primary focus of the interaction. d. The client is the primary focus of the interaction. Which component of a conversation between the nurse and a client being prepared for surgery is the best example of decoding and validation of the message? a. The client states, "I am OK; I do not need anything." b. The client responds to the nurse, "Maybe a little; I have never had any kind of surgery before." c. The nurse asks, "Is there anything I can get for you?" d. The nurse responds to the client, "While you say everything is alright, you seem anxious." d. The nurse responds to the client, "While you say everything is alright, you seem anxious." A client is prescribed medication for a psychiatric disorder. After 3 days, the client reports being constipated. Which instruction should the nurse give the client? a. "Ask your psychiatrist to prescribe a stool softener for you." b. "You need to eat more fruits and vegetables and drink more water." c. "This side effect should disappear within a week or so." d. "You need to eat more high-protein foods such as meat and peanut butter." b. "You need to eat more fruits and vegetables and drink more water." The nurse is caring for a 70-year-old client with a psychiatric disorder who has been prescribed a number of medications. When educating the client on the medications, which explanation would be most appropriate? a."Your entire GI system speeds up, so your medications are digested much more quickly. Therefore, it is important that you not drive after you take your medications." b. "Your stomach empties more quickly as you age; therefore, you may feel the effect of your medications almost immediately." c. "Because of age-related circulation changes, your body will be able to deliver therapeutic doses of your medication to select body sites more quickly." d. "Because of your age and related changes in liver functioning, you may have medication levels in your system with the potential to be toxic." d. "Because of your age and related changes in liver functioning, you may have medication levels in your system with the potential to be toxic." The nurse observes an adult client who has been taking antipsychotic medications for 8 months. The client is smacking their lips and blinking their eyes rapidly. The nurse also observes a protruding tongue. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate? a. Contact the client's physician for a different medication order. b. Document the client's symptoms of tardive dyskinesia. c. Instruct the client to begin tapering off the medication. d. Ask whether the client has been experiencing side effects. b. Document the client's symptoms of tardive dyskinesia. A nurse is working as part of a team involved with the testing of a new psychiatric medication. The drug is currently being used in multiple clinical trials at various different sites. The nurse is engaged in which phase of testing? a. Phase II b. Phase III c. Phase I d. Phase IV b. Phase III A nurse administers a prescribed dose of lithium at 8 PM. The nurse should schedule a specimen to be obtained for a blood level at which time? a. 10 pm b. 12am c. 8 am d. 4 am c. 8 am A nurse is reviewing the events associated with the fight-or-flight response. The nurse knows that which effect results from sympathetic nervous stimulation? a. Hypoglycemia b. Hypotension c. Tachycardia d. Hypercoagulability c. Tachycardia When describing the concept of allostatic load to a group of students, which of the following would the instructor identify as abnormal, indicative of the overall changes of the biologic regulatory system? a. Nuclear imaging studies b. Laboratory tests results c. Cardiac studies d. Bone radiographs b. Laboratory tests results The nurse is caring for an older client in a residential care facility. The client has been extremely irritable the entire day. When modifying the client's plan of care, which snack is appropriate to offer the client in order to decrease the irritability? a. Glass of milk b. Granola Bar c. Handful of Raisins d. Chocolate candy bar a. Glass of milk While interviewing a client, a nurse asks, "What do you do when you get angry?" Which client response indicates to the nurse that the client engages in anger suppression? a. "People say I withdraw and pout about the problem." b. "I've been known to fly off the handle when I'm angry." c. "I usually approach the person directly to talk about it." d. "I try to discuss how I'm feeling about it with a close friend." a. "People say I withdraw and pout about the problem." The nurse is assessing a 35-year-old client who is seeking assistance at a local community counseling center. Which statement made by the client would indicate that the client is experiencing a crisis? a. "I don't understand; I can't seem to function like I usually do." b. "I'm so upset; my spouse has never left me like this before." c. "No matter what I do, I am still overcome by these sad feelings." d. "I'm confused and hurt; I have lost my best friend and my lover." a. "I don't understand; I can't seem to function like I usually do." A nurse is working as part of a community disaster response team. When responding to a community disaster, the nurse integrates understanding of individuals' responses, anticipating which of the following? a. People involved in the disaster will always put the welfare of others before their own. b. People can become aggressive and violent when their basic needs are threatened. c. The psychological distress associated with disasters is felt immediately. d. Losses incurred during the disaster have little, if any, long-term effect on victims. b. People can become aggressive and violent when their basic needs are threatened. A nurse is describing uncomplicated grief during a presentation. Which statement should the nurse include in the presentation? a. Most bereaved persons experience uncomplicated grief. b. Uncomplicated grief differs from normal grief because it lasts longer. c. Uncomplicated grief is primarily loss associated with death. d. This type of grief is less painful and disruptive than normal grief. a. Most bereaved persons experience uncomplicated grief. The nurse is providing follow-up care to victims of a disaster that occurred several months ago. Assessment of which condition would lead the nurse to suspect that the victims are experiencing possible aftereffects of the disaster? a. Tremors b. Profuse perspiration c. Tachycardia d. Unexplained gastrointestinal disturbance d. Unexplained gastrointestinal disturbance The nurse is reviewing the electronic health records of several clients diagnosed with major depression. The nurse identifies which client as most likely to commit suicide? a. married woman b. Widowed man c. woman living with a roommate d. Divorced man b. Widowed man The nurse is working with a client who will be signing a commitment to treatment statement. After teaching the client about this statement, the nurse determines the need for additional instruction when the client makes which statement? a. "Signing this statement means that I will not commit suicide." b. "I am agreeing to get emergency treatment if I have suicidal thoughts." c. "I am agreeing to participate in the necessary treatment for my condition." d. "I will be open and honest about my feelings about treatment." a. "Signing this statement means that I will not commit suicide." A client has been diagnosed with major depression. The client reports that he often wakes up during the night and has trouble returning to sleep. The nurse interprets this finding as suggesting which of the following? a. Initial insomnia b. Hypersomnia c. Terminal insomnia d. Middle Insomnia d. Middle Insomnia The nurse is caring for a client with major depression. The client tells the nurse, "I'm just not sure that life is worth living." The nurse documents which nursing diagnosis as the priority? a. Anxiety related to lack of energy for self-care activities b. Thought Processes, Disturbed, related to memory loss and depression c. Hopelessness related to symptoms of depression d. self-esteem, Low, related to depressive episode c. Hopelessness related to symptoms of depression When assessing a client with depression, the client states, "I just feel so sad and hopeless. I just don't care anymore. I don't even enjoy doing the crossword puzzles like I used to." The nurse documents this finding as indicative of condition? a. Delusion b. Anhedonia c. Psychosis d. Dysthymic disorder b. Anhedonia The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client diagnosed with depression and notes that the client has been prescribed mirtazapine. The nurse identifies this agent as being in which drug category? a. Alpha-2 antagonist b. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor c. Cyclic antidepressant d. Norepinephrine dopamine reuptake inhibitor a. Alpha-2 antagonist Following a change in job position, the minister asks a congregant how the congregant likes his new job. The client states, "Oh everything is great. I can really see myself going far in this new position." However, the congregant's voice was monotone and their face was nearly absent of affective expression. How does the minister describe the congregant's facial expression? a. Constricted b. Blunt c. Inappropriate d. Flat d. Flat A client asks the nurse whether he needs to alter any of his activities because he is taking lithium carbonate. Which responses would be most appropriate? a. "Increase your salt intake if an activity causes you to perspire heavily." b. "Wear sunscreen when you are going to be outdoors in the summer." c. "No changes are necessary for strenuous activities you do outdoors." d. "Drink less fluid than usual now that you are taking this drug." a. "Increase your salt intake if an activity causes you to perspire heavily." A client with bipolar disorder is receiving divalproex sodium as part of the treatment plan. When monitoring the client's blood level for this drug, which level would alert the nurse to the need to change the dosage? a. 55 ng/mL b. 30 ng/mL c. 75 ng/mL d. 115 ng/mL b. 30 ng/mL A client with bipolar disorder, having experienced a depressive episode, is prescribed lamotrigine. After educating the client on this medication, the nurse determines that the education was successful when the client makes which statement? a. "I have to watch how much salt I use every day." b. "This drug can affect my liver function." c. "I need to have my blood tested about once a month." d. "I need to notify my physician if I develop a skin rash." d. "I need to notify my physician if I develop a skin rash." A client's blood level of carbamazepine is increased. When reviewing the client's medication history, which medication would alert the nurse to a possible interaction? a. Diltiazem b. Primidone c.Phenobarbital d. Phenytoin a. Diltiazem When caring for a client with mania, which effect would the nurse most likely assess? a. Unusual self-confidence b. Slow, repetitive speech c. Logical thinking d. Narrowed focus a. Unusual self-confidence A client who is hospitalized with depression tells the nurse, "I don't want to take the medication because I'm afraid I'll become suicidal." Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? a. "It's important that you take this medication." b. "I agree with you. I wouldn't want to take this medication either." c. "Another client took that medication, and he really felt better." d. "Have you ever thought about hurting yourself?" d. "Have you ever thought about hurting yourself?" A nurse responds to a client's statement with silence, because the nurse knows that this technique is used primarily for what reason? a. To permit the client to gather his or her thoughts b. To encourage self-reflection by the nurse c. To allow the nurse to determine an appropriate response d. To demonstrate passive listening a. To permit the client to gather his or her thoughts A psychiatric-mental health nurse is educating a class at a community health center on social factors associated with mental illness. When describing the influence of poverty and effects of the downward economic spiral on mental health, which population would the nurse identify as being the most at risk? a. Homeless individuals b. Older adults c. Individuals with physical disabilities d. Single-parent families a. Homeless individuals A nurse is developing a plan of care integrating Maslow's hierarchy of needs. What should the nurse identify as the priority? a. Acceptance from family b. Predictable social environment c. Basic needs d. Positive self-image c. Basic needs A client comes to the emergency department because he thinks he is having a heart attack. Further assessment determines that the client is not having a heart attack but is having a panic attack. When beginning to interview the client, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to use? a."Do you think you will be able to drive home?" b. "Are you feeling much better now that you are lying down?" c. "What do you think caused you to feel this way?" d. "What did you experience just before and during the attack?" d. "What did you experience just before and during the attack?" A client with a panic disorder has been prescribed a benzodiazepine medication. Which risk would the nurse emphasize as being associated with using this medication? a. Agitation b. Fecal impaction c. Dietary restrictions d. Withdrawal symptoms d. Withdrawal symptoms A nurse determines that a client who is experiencing anxiety is using relief behaviors. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing which degree of anxiety? a. Moderate b. severe c. Mild d. panic b. severe While planning care for a child who has excoriation disorder, what would the priority NANDA be? a. Ineffective role performance b. Hopelessness c. Dysfunctional family processes d. Impaired skin integrity d. Impaired skin integrity Which statement made by a client diagnosed with PTSD leads the nurse to believe the client is experiencing dissociative symptoms? a. "It's like I'm having flashbacks every time I fall asleep." b. "I feel guilty that I survived the attack and my friend didn't." c. "I describe my feelings like I'm having an out-of-body experience." d. "Loud noises always make me a little jittery now." c. "I describe my feelings like I'm having an out-of-body experience." A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client diagnosed with borderline personality disorder. Which element would the nurse identify as one of the strongest risk factors for this disorder? a. History of depression b. Abuse as a child c. Parental alcohol abuse d.Poverty b. Abuse as a child The nurse is caring for several hospitalized clients with anorexia nervosa. The nurse would be especially alert for which of the following if noted in the clients' histories? a. Aggression b. Primary insomnia c. Paranoia d. Depression d. Depression When describing the characteristic similarities and differences between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, which of the following would the nurse identify as specific to bulimia? a. Perfectionism b. Low self-esteem c. Boundary problems d. Obsessiveness c. Boundary problems A client with somatic symptom disorder also has anxiety. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be prescribed? a. Tricyclic antidepressant b. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) c. Atypical antipsychotic d. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) d. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) A nurse is working with a client diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the most difficult aspect of providing care to this client? a. Relieving the client's anxiety b. Developing the therapeutic relationship c. Managing the client's pain d. Monitoring the client's treatment program b. Developing the therapeutic relationship A client has been admitted to the inpatient psychiatric facility with a diagnosis of post traumatic stress disorder after a history of violence by the client's significant other. During the initial assessment interview, which assessment would be the priority? a. Sleep patterns b. Suicide risk c. Hydration status d. Nutritional status b. Suicide risk The nurse is caring for a family in which the elderly mother has been a victim of abuse and neglect by her son, 48 years of age. Which is important for the nurse to keep in mind before interviewing the family? a. The nurse must allow the older adult mother to decide whether she wants to leave the situation. b. A top nursing priority would be to legally remove the son from the home. c. Placement of the older adult woman in a nursing home within the community is crucial. d. The main focus of the nurse's actions should be on improving the elderly mother's self-esteem. a. The nurse must allow the older adult mother to decide whether she wants to leave the situation. A client has been in a physically abusive relationship for more than a decade. Which statement best demonstrates that the client understands of how fear can influence a reluctance to leave such a relationship? a. "No one would believe me if I tell them how terrible life has been." b. "The kids love my partner and my partner has been a good parent to them." c. "I do not have a job or anyway to support myself and my kids." d. "My partner would hunt me down and kill me for sure." d. "My partner would hunt me down and kill me for sure." The school nurse is aware that a student has requested "Tylenol" three times during the past week because his "back hurts." The nurse has noticed that he often wears long-sleeved sweaters and sweatshirts, even in warm weather. The nurse suspects that the student may be the victim of physical abuse. The nurse is preparing to ask the child about his ongoing backache. Which would the nurse anticipate the child reporting if the child was indeed being abused? a. Be reluctant to report abuse because of shame or fear of retaliation. b. Give the same reason the client's sister would give were she asked to explain the injuries. c. Carefully explain that the client's mother provides discipline because she loves the client. d. Explain that his father is beating him on a regular basis. a. Be reluctant to report abuse because of shame or fear of retaliation. The nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who has schizophrenia. The client has been taking antipsychotic medications for 1 week when the nurse observes that the client's eyes are fixed on the ceiling. The nurse interprets this finding as which condition? a. Retrocollis b. Oculogyric crisis c. Akathisia d. Tardive dyskinesia b. Oculogyric crisis A client is being released from the inpatient psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and treatment with antipsychotic medications. After teaching the client and family about managing the disorder, the nurse determines that the education was effective when they state which symptom should be reported immediately? a. Decreased Blood Pressure b. Elevated temperature c. Weight gain d. Tremor b. Elevated temperature Assessment of a client with schizophrenia reveals that the client is hearing voices that say people are staring, and that the client is seeing illusions. When developing the plan of care for this client, which nursing diagnosis would be appropriate? a. Risk for self-directed violence b. Ineffective Coping c. Disturbed thought processes d. Disturbed sensory perception d. Disturbed sensory perception A nurse is presenting information about psychotic disorders to a client's family. The family demonstrates a need for more discussion when they make which statement about schizophreniform disorder? a. Symptoms must be present for at least 1 month for the diagnosis. b. The duration of the illness is usually less than 6 months. c. The majority of individuals with the disorder recover completely. d. The individual experiences hallucinations and/or delusions c. The majority of individuals with the disorder recover completely. The nurse is assessing a client age 78 years who lives alone in their own home. To assess the client's instrumental activities of daily living, which question would be most appropriate to ask? a. "How often do you go to the store to buy groceries?" b. "How often do you cook meals for yourself?" c. "How many times do you change clothes during the day?" d. "How often do you bathe or shower?" a. "How often do you go to the store to buy groceries?" A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with Alzheimer disease. As part of the assessment, the nurse asks the client to identify common objects. The nurse is assessing for which of the following? a. Agnosia b. Apraxia c. Executive functioning d. Aphasia a. Agnosia When considering the development of secure attachments, nature is to nurture as what is to what? temperament; responsive parenting Knowing that you will be punished for hitting your little sister is a function of which brain area? association areas Leroy's sudden surge of arousal when classmates picked on him best illustrates the nature of what response? the fight-or-flight response What can we say about Delilah's conscious awareness while learning to drive? Her conscious awareness will focus her attention as she learns, but over time, driving will become semi-automatic. After Warren's right hand was paralyzed, the somatosensory cortex area that processed sensations from that hand began to process sensations from where? his lower right arm The relative lack of brain maturation during the first two years of life is most likely to contribute to what phenomenon? infantile amnesia Amelia is sexually mature and has assumed adult responsibilities. This transition might be celebrated by what? a public rite of passage Temperament is an individual's characteristic NOT related to what? intelligence Discovering and promoting human strengths and virtues is most clearly a major purpose of what? positive psychology Which research method would be most effective for identifying the mating rituals of North American deer? naturalistic observation Which professional specialty focuses on the study, assessment, and treatment of people with psychological disorders? clinical psychology Sequential processing refers to what? consciously focusing on one aspect of a problem at a time What is a myelin sheath? It covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses. What did Structuralism focus on? Understanding the structures of the mind. What happens after one sperm enters the egg? The egg's surface blocks out other sperm from entering. What is Orlando's status after high school? He is an emerging adult. What triggers a surge of energy in response to danger? The release of epinephrine (adrenaline) into the bloodstream. What structure at the brainstem's base controls heartbeat and breathing? The medulla. What stage has Emile reached if he understands basic arithmetic operations? The concrete operational stage. What is the spinal cord part of? The central nervous system. Which research method is used to study age and political leanings? Correlational measures. What are the chemical messengers passed between neurons called? Neurotransmitters. What does cognitive neuroscience study? Relationships between thought processes and brain functions. Why do children and adolescents take turns differently in games? Children do it to avoid angering friends; adolescents do it to follow game rules. What research design is appropriate for studying violent music lyrics and aggressiveness? Experiment. What illustrates the value of neuroplasticity? Ray regained most of his lost agility after brain damage. What would researchers conclude about Jennifer's brain activity upon meeting Meg? It was activated with reward center activity. In which field does Dr. Santiago work if he studies shared biology and evolutionary history? Evolutionary psychology. Which practice is NOT a safeguard against stressful and deceptive methods in psychology? Researchers must ensure that their values do not impact their scientific judgment. What type of study did Dr. Palma conduct to test children's intellectual development? Longitudinal study. What effect does sleep deprivation have? It slows reactions and increases errors on visual attention tasks. What is Scarlett most likely to experience with only 4 hours of sleep? Depression. Who suggested that the heart is the source of our personality? Aristotle. What effect does showing affection to an infant by touching have? It aids brain development and cognitive ability. What happens when a cat's reticular formation is severed from higher brain regions? The cat lapses into a coma. What results from memory, language, attention, and social skills? Functional connectivity. What does using note cards to test yourself while studying aid? Processing the information actively. In the study with men receiving Viagra or a placebo, what was the dependent variable? Men's responses to questions about their performance. What does Zach's height suggest about genetic determination? Height is not solely genetically determined. What environmental factor influenced Zach's growth? Diet influenced Zach's growth and height. What is an indication of remembering things one can no longer perceive? Object permanence. What subfield does Dr. Casseus's study of brain activity in problem-solving illustrate? Cognitive neuroscience. What does the amplification of genetic differences by nurture demonstrate? Our experiences help form us. What is the best way to ensure a representative sample of women for a survey? Survey a large representative sample of the population of women. What effect does Julia's practice quizzes have on her class quiz performance? Testing effect. Who designed the strange situation experiment to study children's attachment differences? Mary Ainsworth. What do twin and adoption studies help assess? The heritability of intelligence. What cognitive bias is illustrated by students convincing themselves of the wrong rule in a number sequence task? Confirmation bias. What method did Spearman use to assess whether intelligence is a single trait or a collection of abilities? Factor analysis. What is the mental age of a five-year-old Zack with an IQ of 120 on the Stanford-Binet? 6 In Pavlov's experiments, what was the conditioned response (CR)? Salivation to the sound of a tone. What type of memory is your memory for an automatic skill, like zipping up your pants? Implicit memory. What study strategy is best for learning material in psychology? Use distributed practice. What did John B. Watson emphasize in learning? Learning should be explained without reference to mentalistic concepts. How does a good night's sleep improve exam grades? By supporting memory consolidation. What does the encoding specificity principle refer to? Cues and contexts specific to a particular memory will be most effective in helping us recall that memory. What does an increase in average intelligence test performance during the past decade illustrate? The need for up-to-date standardization. What is operant conditioning used for in dog training? To teach a dog to perform specific behaviors. What does Sheldon's ability to find information about schizophrenia in his text demonstrate? Automatic processing of information related to space. What is the habit of running maintained by for Terrance? A negative reinforcer. What is it called when we learn to anticipate rewards by watching models? Vicarious reinforcement. What is the introduction of a pleasant stimulus called and the withdrawal of a pleasant stimulus? Positive reinforcement, negative punishment What does Kayla's fear of needles illustrate? Classical conditioning. What type of intelligence does Asher demonstrate by responding to friends' moods? interpersonal intelligence. What does Deedra's decision-making process illustrate? The usefulness of unconscious thinking processes. What does experiencing a thunderstorm illustrate? Classical conditioning. What would Adela score high on? Perceiving emotions. What do psychologists use to assess mental aptitudes? Intelligence tests. What did preschool children do after observing an adult beating a doll? Imitated both modeled aggressive behaviors and some prosocial behaviors. What does Valerie's memory error illustrate? Source amnesia. How long does iconic memory generally last? A few tenths of a second. What type of memory lasts several minutes? Echoic memory. What type of memory is demonstrated by showing three rows of letters for a fraction of a second? Iconic memory. What is the best way for Jacqueline to learn and remember course material? Self-testing How do psychologists and economists define a nudge? A framing of choices in a way that encourages people to make certain decisions. What effect is Zorana experiencing when she rehearses what she is learning out loud? The production effect. What has been associated with young adults' large working-memory capacity? Their ability to retain information after sleeping and to focus on several tasks at one time. What type of behavior is Naomi's accelerated heart rate when she sees a snake? Respondent behavior. What is the inability to form new conscious memories called? Anterograde amnesia. What has racial bias been associated with? the representative heuristic What did Binet likely find disturbing about his test's adaptation? biological inheritance What does heritability refer to? How much variation among people is due to genes. What percentage of differences in educational attainment was found to be heritable in a study of over 1 million people? 12 percent. What is the relationship between the removal of electric shock and the receipt of money? Partial reinforcement is to continuous reinforcement. Where is Wernicke's area typically located? In the left temporal lobe. Who is most likely to be criticized for extending the definition of intelligence too broadly? Howard Gardner. What did a study of 131,000 children from 49 countries find about punishment? Children who were hit and spanked fared more poorly. What is NOT an aspect of intelligence? Musical ability Explicit memory is to ___ as implicit memory is to ___? hippocampus; cerebellum What is it called when a story changes slightly each time it is told? Reconsolidation What do psychologists encourage for disciplining a misbehaving child? time-out from positive reinforcement What is one effect of using ectasy? It damages serotonin-producing neurons What are people born in a country that experienced a flu epidemic during fetal development at increased risk of? Schizophrenia. What is a common ingredient underlying the success of diverse psychotherapies? The client's expectation that through psychotherapy things will get better. From whom were counterconditioning techniques derived? Ivan Pavlov. What does the DSM-5-TR typically base diagnoses on to promote diagnostic reliability? Detailed criteria. What tactic is designed to 'inoculate' young people against peer pressure? Training in drug refusal skills. What signs does Tom show by continuing to use cocaine despite negative consequences? Addiction. What improves mental health professionals' ability to communicate complex symptoms? Diagnostic labels. What motive is associated with gaining relief from negative thoughts through pain distraction? Nonsuicidal self-injury. What influences are included in disordered drug use? Biological, psychological, and social-cultural influences. What does the shared tendency of depression between identical twins support? Biological explanations of this disorder. What happens to antisocial behavior after adolescence? It subsides for many young men What has recently supported the medical model? Research findings that many genes together influence the brain and biochemical abnormalities contributing to major disorders. What is cocaine classified as? Stimulant. Schizophrenia is associated with an excess of receptors for which neurotransmitter? Dopamine. Which therapy has contributed to the reduction of residents in U.S. psychiatric hospitals? Drug therapy. What are two counterconditioning techniques for replacing unwanted responses? Aversive conditioning and exposure therapy. Why are women more vulnerable to depression than men? Because women tend to overthink and linger mentally on negative events. It's a social cognitive perspective What is the effect of alcohol when paired with lack of sleep? It is a potent sedative. What is a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation indicative of? Specific phobias. Which of the following is NOT associated with stimulant use? Depressed nervous system activity. What do therapists demonstrate in person-centered therapy by being honest about their feelings? Genuineness. What disorder is Kuzma most clearly showing symptoms of? Substance use disorder. What is Filipa most clearly experiencing with her eating behaviors? Bulimia nervosa. What feelings have been associated with an increased risk of substance use? Feelings of life being meaningless and lacking direction. What strategy does Mrs. Lopez use to motivate her students? Operant conditioning. What characteristic is argued to be typical of those with autism spectrum disorder? Being a 'systemizer'. Which drug is likely to give heightened energy and mood but reduces baseline dopamine levels? Methamphetamine. What best defines the focus of community psychology? Research and social action designed to create environments that support psychological health. Which drugs are soccer players likely using to enhance performance? Amphetamines. What term describes Ichika's ability to recover from anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic? Survivor resiliency. What is an example of a diagnosable behavior addiction? Gambling disorder. What type of therapy focuses on the person's conscious self-perceptions without directing insights? Non-directive therapy. What type of therapy helps clients understand current symptoms by focusing on important relationships? Psychodynamic therapy. What neurotransmitters does nicotine trigger the release of to calm anxiety? dopamine. What does Megan's inability to remember important details during therapy demonstrate? Resistance. What is intellectual developmental disorder? A condition characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, typically indicated by an IQ score of less than 70. What is autism spectrum disorder? A developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior, often characterized by difficulties in social interaction and restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior. What are rigidly fixated interests? Intense and focused interests in specific subjects or activities, often seen in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. What is impulsivity? The tendency to act on a whim without considering the consequences, often associated with various psychological disorders. What is the inability to recognize emotions in others? A common difficulty for individuals with autism spectrum disorder, where they may struggle to interpret social cues and emotional expressions. What is community psychology? A field of psychology that focuses on the relationships between individuals and their communities, emphasizing social issues and the impact of environment on mental health. What is schizophrenia? A severe mental disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and impaired functioning. What is acute schizophrenia? A form of schizophrenia that develops suddenly and may be triggered by stress, often with a better prognosis for recovery. What is chronic schizophrenia? A long-term form of schizophrenia that develops gradually and is often more resistant to treatment. What is the risk of opioid use? Increased likelihood of using opioids, especially in individuals with family members who use them. What is linkage analysis? A method used to study the inheritance of traits and disorders by examining the relationship between genetic markers and the presence of a condition. What is major depressive disorder? A mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities. What is narcissistic personality disorder? A personality disorder characterized by an inflated sense of self-importance, a need for excessive admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. What is taijin-kyofusho? A Japanese culture-bound syndrome characterized by intense fear of offending others or causing them discomfort, often leading to social anxiety. What is agoraphobia? An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult, leading to avoidance of public places. What is generalized anxiety disorder? A chronic disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable worry about various aspects of life, often accompanied by physical symptoms. What is bipolar disorder? A mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings, including emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). What is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)? A mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, leading to flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety.