BPSC MIDTERM 1 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. How to minimize agricultural water use - ANSWER ✔ drip irrigation,
irrigation scheduling, and dry farming
2. how to reduce the negative impacts of conventional ag - ANSWER ✔
organic farming (use insects as natural pesticides, hand weed fields, cover
beds to prevent weed growth)
3. how to improve soil fertility - ANSWER ✔ cover crops, compost and mulch
4. How to achieve sustainable farm labor - ANSWER ✔ mechanization and
proper provisions for farm laborers (water/rest breaks, shade, covid
protection)
5. Why is BPSC 21 called California's cornucopia? - ANSWER ✔ It is called
California's cornucopia because California is regarded as a cornucopia, a
symbol of abundant food source since it produces so much.
6. How does CA's agricultural production rank in the world? - ANSWER ✔
CA has the 5th largest economy in the world, mostly due to its agriculture. It
, provides 2/3 of fruits and nuts, 1/3 of vegetables, and 81% of wine in the
US.
7. How is food security defined? - ANSWER ✔ "Food security exists when all
people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient safe and
nutritious food that meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an
active and healthy life" 1996 World Food Summit
8. What are the four dimensions of food security? - ANSWER ✔ 1. Physical
availability of food, 2. Economic and physical access to food, 3. Food
utilization (food, safety, preparation, diversity), 4. The stability of the
dimension 1, 2, and 3 over time (be stable tmrw, the next, etc.)
9. What is hunger? Is it wide spread? - ANSWER ✔ 1. Hunger is the
uncomfortable to painful sensation caused by insufficient food energy
consumption. It is wide spread, worldwide 821 million people were hungry
in 2018
10.What is enteric fermentation? What organisms facilitate enteric
fermentation?: - ANSWER ✔ Enteric fermentation is the process in which
domesticated animals produce methane gas. It produces 68% of all agriculral
methane. These animals are like cows, sheep, goats, etc
11.Agriculture produces methane. What are the sources of this gas? - ANSWER
✔ Enteric fermentation (cows digesting, burping and farting), and solid
waste (poop of domestic animals), these are the major ones. Also flooded
rice
12.Other human activities also contribute to methane production? Relative to all
anthropogenic methane emissions, how big is agriculture's contributions?: -
, ANSWER ✔ Humans produce methane by producing fossil fuels (coals, oil,
run our vehicles, warm houses), livestock industry, rice cultivation, biomass
burning, and waste management. Agriculture's emissions are very big, about
22%-29% of the worlds greenhouse gas emissions are from ag
13.What are the inputs to photosynthesis? What are the outputs? How does
respiration relate to photosynthesis?: - ANSWER ✔ The inputs to
photosynthesis are Carbon Dioxide (6CO2) and Water (12H2O) ==> The
outputs are Glucose (C6H12O6) and Oxygen (6O2) and Water (6H2O).
respiration is the controlled burning on glucose to release energy in plant
and animal mitochondria.
14.What are the current trends in CO2 and methane accumulation in our
atmosphere? Why do we care about these emissions?: - ANSWER ✔ CO2
and methane accumulation in our atmosphere are increasing because we are
consuming fossil fuels (CO2 is in fossil fuels) and we then release EXTRA
carbon into atmosphere when these fuels are burned (these burns also
happen in fires from droughts and clearing land for agriculture). Methane is
increasing with this and enteric fermentation. Increasing emissions in the
past have caused (increase in greenhouse gases) more retained heat and thus
an increase in global temp
15.How is Food insecurity defined? (1) - ANSWER ✔ when individuals or
households do not have access to sufficient, nutrtious, and affordable food to
maintain a healthy and active lifestyle
16.what are the four dimensions of food security? - ANSWER ✔ 1. physical
availability of food
2. economic and physical access to food
3. food utilisation
4. Stability of 1,2,3 overtime
, 17.what are the five major factors that contribute to food insecurity? -
ANSWER ✔ - low income or unemployment
- limited access to food
- discrimination
- natrual disasters
- global events
18.name two organizations that provide reliable food insecurity, hunger, and
malnutrition data - ANSWER ✔ food and agriculture organization (FAO),
world health organization (WHO), UNICEF, World bank
19.what is hunger? is it widespread? has there been improvement in the last xx
years? - ANSWER ✔ hunger: is the uncomfortable to painful sensation
cuased by insufficient food energy.
- worldwide, 733 million people were hungry in 2023
- No, has not improved
20.What is malnutrition? - ANSWER ✔ includes deficencies, excesses or
imbalances in the consumption of macronutrients (protein, fat, carbs) and
micronutrients (vitamins, minerals)
21.how are food insecurity, malnutrition, and poverty linked? - ANSWER ✔ it
is a cycle: poverty -> food insecurity, hunger, malnutrition -> poor physical
and cogntive development -> low productivity (repeat)
22.How do plant biologists try to break the food insecurity cycle? - ANSWER
✔ - increasing yields
- increasing quality (resistence to climate change, pests, pathogens,
soils)
- increasing diversity (nutritional balance)
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. How to minimize agricultural water use - ANSWER ✔ drip irrigation,
irrigation scheduling, and dry farming
2. how to reduce the negative impacts of conventional ag - ANSWER ✔
organic farming (use insects as natural pesticides, hand weed fields, cover
beds to prevent weed growth)
3. how to improve soil fertility - ANSWER ✔ cover crops, compost and mulch
4. How to achieve sustainable farm labor - ANSWER ✔ mechanization and
proper provisions for farm laborers (water/rest breaks, shade, covid
protection)
5. Why is BPSC 21 called California's cornucopia? - ANSWER ✔ It is called
California's cornucopia because California is regarded as a cornucopia, a
symbol of abundant food source since it produces so much.
6. How does CA's agricultural production rank in the world? - ANSWER ✔
CA has the 5th largest economy in the world, mostly due to its agriculture. It
, provides 2/3 of fruits and nuts, 1/3 of vegetables, and 81% of wine in the
US.
7. How is food security defined? - ANSWER ✔ "Food security exists when all
people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient safe and
nutritious food that meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an
active and healthy life" 1996 World Food Summit
8. What are the four dimensions of food security? - ANSWER ✔ 1. Physical
availability of food, 2. Economic and physical access to food, 3. Food
utilization (food, safety, preparation, diversity), 4. The stability of the
dimension 1, 2, and 3 over time (be stable tmrw, the next, etc.)
9. What is hunger? Is it wide spread? - ANSWER ✔ 1. Hunger is the
uncomfortable to painful sensation caused by insufficient food energy
consumption. It is wide spread, worldwide 821 million people were hungry
in 2018
10.What is enteric fermentation? What organisms facilitate enteric
fermentation?: - ANSWER ✔ Enteric fermentation is the process in which
domesticated animals produce methane gas. It produces 68% of all agriculral
methane. These animals are like cows, sheep, goats, etc
11.Agriculture produces methane. What are the sources of this gas? - ANSWER
✔ Enteric fermentation (cows digesting, burping and farting), and solid
waste (poop of domestic animals), these are the major ones. Also flooded
rice
12.Other human activities also contribute to methane production? Relative to all
anthropogenic methane emissions, how big is agriculture's contributions?: -
, ANSWER ✔ Humans produce methane by producing fossil fuels (coals, oil,
run our vehicles, warm houses), livestock industry, rice cultivation, biomass
burning, and waste management. Agriculture's emissions are very big, about
22%-29% of the worlds greenhouse gas emissions are from ag
13.What are the inputs to photosynthesis? What are the outputs? How does
respiration relate to photosynthesis?: - ANSWER ✔ The inputs to
photosynthesis are Carbon Dioxide (6CO2) and Water (12H2O) ==> The
outputs are Glucose (C6H12O6) and Oxygen (6O2) and Water (6H2O).
respiration is the controlled burning on glucose to release energy in plant
and animal mitochondria.
14.What are the current trends in CO2 and methane accumulation in our
atmosphere? Why do we care about these emissions?: - ANSWER ✔ CO2
and methane accumulation in our atmosphere are increasing because we are
consuming fossil fuels (CO2 is in fossil fuels) and we then release EXTRA
carbon into atmosphere when these fuels are burned (these burns also
happen in fires from droughts and clearing land for agriculture). Methane is
increasing with this and enteric fermentation. Increasing emissions in the
past have caused (increase in greenhouse gases) more retained heat and thus
an increase in global temp
15.How is Food insecurity defined? (1) - ANSWER ✔ when individuals or
households do not have access to sufficient, nutrtious, and affordable food to
maintain a healthy and active lifestyle
16.what are the four dimensions of food security? - ANSWER ✔ 1. physical
availability of food
2. economic and physical access to food
3. food utilisation
4. Stability of 1,2,3 overtime
, 17.what are the five major factors that contribute to food insecurity? -
ANSWER ✔ - low income or unemployment
- limited access to food
- discrimination
- natrual disasters
- global events
18.name two organizations that provide reliable food insecurity, hunger, and
malnutrition data - ANSWER ✔ food and agriculture organization (FAO),
world health organization (WHO), UNICEF, World bank
19.what is hunger? is it widespread? has there been improvement in the last xx
years? - ANSWER ✔ hunger: is the uncomfortable to painful sensation
cuased by insufficient food energy.
- worldwide, 733 million people were hungry in 2023
- No, has not improved
20.What is malnutrition? - ANSWER ✔ includes deficencies, excesses or
imbalances in the consumption of macronutrients (protein, fat, carbs) and
micronutrients (vitamins, minerals)
21.how are food insecurity, malnutrition, and poverty linked? - ANSWER ✔ it
is a cycle: poverty -> food insecurity, hunger, malnutrition -> poor physical
and cogntive development -> low productivity (repeat)
22.How do plant biologists try to break the food insecurity cycle? - ANSWER
✔ - increasing yields
- increasing quality (resistence to climate change, pests, pathogens,
soils)
- increasing diversity (nutritional balance)
