PRACTICE SET SOLUTION QUESTIONS WITH
FULL ANSWERS
◉ Dorothea L. Dix. Answer: superintendent of women nurses by
union army
◉ Sojourner Truth and Harriet Tubman. Answer: led slaves to
freedom as nurses
◉ Susie King Taylor. Answer: taught soldiers to read and write
◉ Mary Ann Bickerdyke (mother). Answer: made clinliness a
priority
◉ Clara Barton (Angle of the Battlefield). Answer: set up field
hospitals and founded American Red Cross
◉ Linda Richards. Answer: first trained nurse in the US
◉ Mary Eliza Mahoney. Answer: 1st African American professionally
educated nurse
,◉ Julie O. Flikke. Answer: nurse to be promoted to the rank of
colonel in the US army
◉ ANA. Answer: American Nurses Association
◉ NLN. Answer: National League for Nursing, was formed to address
issues in nursing education
◉ ICN. Answer: international council of Nurses, dedicated to uniting
nursing organizations
◉ AAMN. Answer: American assembly of men in nursing
◉ Kellys Criteria: 8 Characteristics of a Profession. Answer: 1.
services provided are vital to humanity and to the welfare of society
2. there is a special body of knowledge that is continually enlarged
through research
3. the services involve the intellectual activities: individual
responsibility (accountability) is strong
4. practitioners are educated in institutions of higher learning
5. practitioners are relatively independent and control their own
policies and activities (autonomy)
, 6. Practitioners are motivated by service (altruism) and consider
their work an important component of their lives
7. there is a code of ethics to guide the decisions and conduct of
practitioners
8. there is an organization (association) that encourages and
supports high standards of practice
◉ Occupation. Answer: -training may occur on the job
-length of training varies. work in largely manual. decision making is
guided largely by experiences or by trial and error
-values, beliefs, and ethics are not prominent features of
preparation. commitment and personal identification vary, workers
are supervised. people often change jobs.
-material reward is main motivation
-accountability rests primarily with employer
◉ Profession. Answer: -education takes place in a college or
university
-education is prolonged. work involves mental creativity. decision
making is based largely on science or theoretical constructs
(evidence-based practice)
-values, beliefs, and ethics are an integral part of preparation,
commitment, and personal identifications are strong. workers are
autonomous. People are unlikely to change professions
-commitment transcends material reward