PASS 2026 LATEST UPDATE
Definition of intussusception - Answer- Telescoping of one segment of bowel into
another
Most common acute abdominal disorder in early childhood - Answer- Intussusception
Common symptoms of intussusception - Answer- Abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody
stool
Classic ultrasound sign of intussusception - Answer- Target sign
Another ultrasound sign of intussusception - Answer- Donut sign
Definition of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis - Answer- Hypertrophy of pyloric muscle
causing gastric outlet obstruction
Common symptom of pyloric stenosis - Answer- Projectile vomiting
Other symptoms of pyloric stenosis - Answer- Dehydration, palpable olive shaped mass
Length of the gastrointestinal tract - Answer- Approximately 8 meters
Main function of the gastrointestinal tract - Answer- Digestion and absorption
Hormone that stimulates gastric glands - Answer- Gastrin
Most common cause of emergent surgical abdominal pain in children - Answer-
Appendicitis
Typical ultrasound frequency for infants when scanning appendix - Answer- 12-17 MHz
Typical ultrasound frequency for older children when scanning appendix - Answer- 5-9
MHz
Typical location of the appendix - Answer- Anterior and medial to the psoas muscle and
lateral to the iliac vessels
Normal appendix appearance - Answer- Blind ending tubular structure