BIO 205 Midterm 1 (lectures 1-9) Exam
Questions With Correct Answers
What |does |ecology |mean? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |2 |subdivisions
- |focus |on |processes |occurring |inside |organisms |(intra |& |intercellular)
- |focus |on |processes |occurring |between |whole |organisms |and |their |environments
what |is |the |derivative |of |the |world |ecology? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |German |word
|"Oekologie"
- |meaning |doctrine |of |the |household |(Ernst |haeckel |used |the |term |1866)
What |is |the |study |of |ecology? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |study |of |the |interactions |that |
determine |the |distribution |and |abundance |of |organisms.
What |is |the |Anthropocene? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |epoch |is |a |subdivision |of |the |
geological |timescale, |and |Crutzen |and |Stoermer |were |emphasizing |the |central |role |that |
humans |(anthropo- |from |the |Greek |for |"human") |play |in |the |current |era |(-cene |from |the |
Greek |for |"new |or |recent")
what |is |the |Great |acceleration? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-refers |to |the |sudden, |intense |increase
|across |a |range |of |planetary |metrics |due |to |human |influence.
Anthropogenic |effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |impact |on |earths |ecology |that |is |caused |by |
human |actions
eg. |human |use |of |fossil |fuels |drives |global |climate |change
,who |was |edward |forbes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-ecologist |who |categorized |his |observations
what |is |manipulative |experiments? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |scientific |experiment |which |the |
researcher |intentionally |alters |one |or |more |conditions |in |order |to |examine |hypotheses
Hypothesis |testing |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |method |of |statistical |or |scientific |inquiry |used |to
|determine |whether |an |assumption |or |explanation |applies |to |a |group |or |sample
Ad |Hoc |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |story |or |narrative |that |explains |an |observed |pattern |
or |process |without |any |proof |and |that |is |believed |to |be |correct |because |it |seems |logical.
Focal |factor |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |important |or |critical |aspect |at |play |in |an |ecological |
system |that |scientists |focus |on |(alter |or |manipulate) |when |designing |an |experiment |or |
constructing |a |model.
treatment |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-as |aspect |of |an |ecological |system |that |has |been |
manipulated |by |an |experimenter |in |the |design |of |a |scientific |experiment
control |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |unmanipulated |unit |of |experiment |generally |used |for |
comparison |to |detect |the |effect |of |a |treatment |in |a |manipulated |unit |of |an |experiment
extraneous |factor |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |aspect |of |an |ecological |system |that |is |not |of |
interest |or |of |importance |to |the |researcher |designing |an |experiment
null |hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |statement |proposing |that |the |focal |explanatory |
factor |or |factors |in |an |experiment |do |not |have |an |effect |on |the |system |of |interest
, alternative |hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |statement |proposing |that |the |focal |
explanatory |factor |or |factors |in |an |experiment |do |not |have |an |effect |on |the |system |of |interest
what |are |the |steps |of |hypothesis |testing? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-observation |or |question, |
hypothesis, |experiment, |results, |interpretation
conceptual |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |theoretical |construct |that |specifies |how |various |
components |of |a |system |fit |in |relation |to |each |other
eg. |rock, |paper, |scissors
illustrates |the |idea |that |no |weapon |or |strategy |is |perfect |in |all |situations |and |that |each |
approach |can |win |or |fail, |depending |on |the |circumstances.
basic |model |of |population |growth |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Change |in |Population |Size |= |Births |
− |Deaths
difference |between |analytical |model |& |simulation |model? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-analytical |
model: |a |model |that |can |be |solved |mathematically |or |for |which |the |relationships |among |the |
variables |can |be |interpreted |through |mathematics
simulation |model: |a |mathematical |or |conceptual |model |that |is |run |multiple |times |to |explore |
outcomes |with |different |parameters |or |configurations
what |is |a |trade- |off? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Some |of |the |resources |an |organism |needs |are |
only |found |in |limited |supply.
This |means |that |the |time |or |energy |an |organism |spends |acquiring |one |resource |is |not |
available |to |spend |acquiring |another |resource.
what |is |the |principle |of |allocation? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |all |individual |animals |have |
limited |access |to |energy
Questions With Correct Answers
What |does |ecology |mean? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |2 |subdivisions
- |focus |on |processes |occurring |inside |organisms |(intra |& |intercellular)
- |focus |on |processes |occurring |between |whole |organisms |and |their |environments
what |is |the |derivative |of |the |world |ecology? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |German |word
|"Oekologie"
- |meaning |doctrine |of |the |household |(Ernst |haeckel |used |the |term |1866)
What |is |the |study |of |ecology? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |study |of |the |interactions |that |
determine |the |distribution |and |abundance |of |organisms.
What |is |the |Anthropocene? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |epoch |is |a |subdivision |of |the |
geological |timescale, |and |Crutzen |and |Stoermer |were |emphasizing |the |central |role |that |
humans |(anthropo- |from |the |Greek |for |"human") |play |in |the |current |era |(-cene |from |the |
Greek |for |"new |or |recent")
what |is |the |Great |acceleration? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-refers |to |the |sudden, |intense |increase
|across |a |range |of |planetary |metrics |due |to |human |influence.
Anthropogenic |effects |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |impact |on |earths |ecology |that |is |caused |by |
human |actions
eg. |human |use |of |fossil |fuels |drives |global |climate |change
,who |was |edward |forbes? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-ecologist |who |categorized |his |observations
what |is |manipulative |experiments? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |scientific |experiment |which |the |
researcher |intentionally |alters |one |or |more |conditions |in |order |to |examine |hypotheses
Hypothesis |testing |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |method |of |statistical |or |scientific |inquiry |used |to
|determine |whether |an |assumption |or |explanation |applies |to |a |group |or |sample
Ad |Hoc |Fallacy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |story |or |narrative |that |explains |an |observed |pattern |
or |process |without |any |proof |and |that |is |believed |to |be |correct |because |it |seems |logical.
Focal |factor |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-An |important |or |critical |aspect |at |play |in |an |ecological |
system |that |scientists |focus |on |(alter |or |manipulate) |when |designing |an |experiment |or |
constructing |a |model.
treatment |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-as |aspect |of |an |ecological |system |that |has |been |
manipulated |by |an |experimenter |in |the |design |of |a |scientific |experiment
control |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |unmanipulated |unit |of |experiment |generally |used |for |
comparison |to |detect |the |effect |of |a |treatment |in |a |manipulated |unit |of |an |experiment
extraneous |factor |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |aspect |of |an |ecological |system |that |is |not |of |
interest |or |of |importance |to |the |researcher |designing |an |experiment
null |hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |statement |proposing |that |the |focal |explanatory |
factor |or |factors |in |an |experiment |do |not |have |an |effect |on |the |system |of |interest
, alternative |hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |statement |proposing |that |the |focal |
explanatory |factor |or |factors |in |an |experiment |do |not |have |an |effect |on |the |system |of |interest
what |are |the |steps |of |hypothesis |testing? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-observation |or |question, |
hypothesis, |experiment, |results, |interpretation
conceptual |model |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |theoretical |construct |that |specifies |how |various |
components |of |a |system |fit |in |relation |to |each |other
eg. |rock, |paper, |scissors
illustrates |the |idea |that |no |weapon |or |strategy |is |perfect |in |all |situations |and |that |each |
approach |can |win |or |fail, |depending |on |the |circumstances.
basic |model |of |population |growth |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Change |in |Population |Size |= |Births |
− |Deaths
difference |between |analytical |model |& |simulation |model? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-analytical |
model: |a |model |that |can |be |solved |mathematically |or |for |which |the |relationships |among |the |
variables |can |be |interpreted |through |mathematics
simulation |model: |a |mathematical |or |conceptual |model |that |is |run |multiple |times |to |explore |
outcomes |with |different |parameters |or |configurations
what |is |a |trade- |off? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Some |of |the |resources |an |organism |needs |are |
only |found |in |limited |supply.
This |means |that |the |time |or |energy |an |organism |spends |acquiring |one |resource |is |not |
available |to |spend |acquiring |another |resource.
what |is |the |principle |of |allocation? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |all |individual |animals |have |
limited |access |to |energy
