Here are clear, exam-ready notes for Class 9
History – Chapter 1: The French Revolution:
📘 Chapter 1: The French Revolution – Notes
🟢 1. French Society Before the Revolution
French society was divided into three estates:
1. First Estate – Clergy
o Enjoyed privileges
o Paid no taxes
2. Second Estate – Nobility
o Owned land
o Collected feudal dues
o No taxes
3. Third Estate – Common people
o Peasants, workers, middle class
, o Paid heavy taxes
o Had no political power
👉 Only the Third Estate paid taxes, causing
inequality.
🟢 2. Causes of the French Revolution
🔹 Social Causes
Inequality among estates
Burden of taxes on common people
🔹 Economic Causes
Heavy national debt
High taxes
Rising food prices
Poor harvests → hunger
🔹 Political Causes
History – Chapter 1: The French Revolution:
📘 Chapter 1: The French Revolution – Notes
🟢 1. French Society Before the Revolution
French society was divided into three estates:
1. First Estate – Clergy
o Enjoyed privileges
o Paid no taxes
2. Second Estate – Nobility
o Owned land
o Collected feudal dues
o No taxes
3. Third Estate – Common people
o Peasants, workers, middle class
, o Paid heavy taxes
o Had no political power
👉 Only the Third Estate paid taxes, causing
inequality.
🟢 2. Causes of the French Revolution
🔹 Social Causes
Inequality among estates
Burden of taxes on common people
🔹 Economic Causes
Heavy national debt
High taxes
Rising food prices
Poor harvests → hunger
🔹 Political Causes
