MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING TEST BANK
It entails the following subtopics:
1. cardiovascular
2. respiratory
3. gastrointestinal
4. neurological
5. endocrine
6. renal
7. musculoskeletal
1. Cardiovascular System
Multiple Choice Questions
1. A patient with coronary artery disease is prescribed nitroglycerin. What is the primary
mechanism of action of this medication?
A) Increase cardiac contractility
B) Decrease cardiac preload
C) Increase cardiac afterload
D) Decrease cardiac output
Answer: B) Decrease cardiac preload 💡
2. A patient is diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to
occur?
A) Increased urine output
B) Decreased dyspnea
C) Peripheral edema
D) Increased appetite
Answer: C) Peripheral edema
Short Answer Questions
1. Describe the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction.
Answer
: Myocardial infarction occurs when the blood flow to the heart is blocked, causing
damage to the heart muscle. This is usually due to a blockage in one of the coronary
arteries, which can be caused by a blood clot or atherosclerosis.
2. What are the signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade?
, Answer:
- Chest pain
- Dyspnea
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Muffled heart sounds
- Distended neck veins
Essay Questions
1. A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome.
Describe the nursing care plan for this patient, including medications, oxygen.
Answer
- Administering oxygen therapy to increase oxygenation
- Administering medications such as nitroglycerin, aspirin, and beta blockers to reduce
cardiac workload and prevent further clotting
- Monitoring vital signs, ECG, and cardiac markers
- Providing pain management
- Educating the patient on lifestyle changes and risk factors
2.Respiratory System
Multiple Choice Questions
1. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed ipratropium
(Atrovent). What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?
A) Increase bronchial secretions
B) Decrease bronchial inflammation
C) Relax bronchial smooth muscle
D) Increase cardiac output
Answer: C) Relax bronchial smooth muscle
2. A patient is diagnosed with pneumonia. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to
occur?
A) Decreased sputum production
B) Increased appetite
C) Chest pain
D) Bradycardia
Answer: C) Chest pain
It entails the following subtopics:
1. cardiovascular
2. respiratory
3. gastrointestinal
4. neurological
5. endocrine
6. renal
7. musculoskeletal
1. Cardiovascular System
Multiple Choice Questions
1. A patient with coronary artery disease is prescribed nitroglycerin. What is the primary
mechanism of action of this medication?
A) Increase cardiac contractility
B) Decrease cardiac preload
C) Increase cardiac afterload
D) Decrease cardiac output
Answer: B) Decrease cardiac preload 💡
2. A patient is diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to
occur?
A) Increased urine output
B) Decreased dyspnea
C) Peripheral edema
D) Increased appetite
Answer: C) Peripheral edema
Short Answer Questions
1. Describe the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction.
Answer
: Myocardial infarction occurs when the blood flow to the heart is blocked, causing
damage to the heart muscle. This is usually due to a blockage in one of the coronary
arteries, which can be caused by a blood clot or atherosclerosis.
2. What are the signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade?
, Answer:
- Chest pain
- Dyspnea
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Muffled heart sounds
- Distended neck veins
Essay Questions
1. A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome.
Describe the nursing care plan for this patient, including medications, oxygen.
Answer
- Administering oxygen therapy to increase oxygenation
- Administering medications such as nitroglycerin, aspirin, and beta blockers to reduce
cardiac workload and prevent further clotting
- Monitoring vital signs, ECG, and cardiac markers
- Providing pain management
- Educating the patient on lifestyle changes and risk factors
2.Respiratory System
Multiple Choice Questions
1. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed ipratropium
(Atrovent). What is the primary mechanism of action of this medication?
A) Increase bronchial secretions
B) Decrease bronchial inflammation
C) Relax bronchial smooth muscle
D) Increase cardiac output
Answer: C) Relax bronchial smooth muscle
2. A patient is diagnosed with pneumonia. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to
occur?
A) Decreased sputum production
B) Increased appetite
C) Chest pain
D) Bradycardia
Answer: C) Chest pain
