NUR242 FINAL 2026 EXAM PREP STUDY GUIDE
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
◉ Cane: Answer: -Appropriate height (at wrist level when arm is at
side)
-Pt strong hand on cane
*MOVE CANE WITH WEAKER LEG*
◉ At risk for falls due to: Answer: incontenience
◉ Transferring pt to WC: Answer: -Place WC on strong side angled to
bed
-Strong hand to armrest, then pivot
◉ Safe pt handling: Answer: -Keep pt directly in front of you and as
close as possible to prevent back injuries
◉ Skin integrity: Answer: -dont wear restrictive clothing
-WC pt lift themselves off buttock for 10 seconds q1hr
◉ Pressure Ulcer stages: Answer: *Stage 2- skin is not intact; open
or fluid blister*
,◉ Wet-to-damp wound care: Answer: mechanically removes
necrotic tissue
does more damage than good bc it removes the good tissue as well
◉ Informed consent: Answer: -surgeon is responsible for having
consent signed
-Pt who can not sign can sign with an "X" but must be witnessed by
two people
-If the pt doesn't understand the surgery, the surgeon has to be
notified
-A blind pt can sign the consent, has to be witnessed by 2 people
-Nurses DO NOT clarify orders/procedure/risks, must call the MD to
explain to pt
◉ Pre-OP: Answer: -Report these to surgeon:
-increased PT/INR/aPTT/Creatinine
-Verify operative permit is signed
-Side rails up, bed down, call light within reach
,◉ Intra-OP: Answer: -Pts are lifted into position onto the OR table to
prevent shearing
-Gel pads are placed on the OR table to prevent pressure ulcers
-Warming blankets are used
-Cover the pts head and feet (decrease hypothermia)
*If saving is necessary, hair should be removed using disposable
sterile supplies immediately before the start of the procedure*
-Sterile scrubbing from fingertips to elbow for 3-5 minutes
◉ Post-OP: Answer: -in PACU, nurse immediately assess pt airway,
LOC
-RR <10 may indicate respiratory depression due to anesthesia
-Sanguineous to serosanguineous drainage is normal
-Crusting at incision line and swelling is normal
◉ Malignant hyperthermia: Answer: -life threatening
-you will see HIGH TEMPERATURE
-early sign is tachycardia, muscle rigidity
-Dantrolene is used to treat
◉ Pain Management: Answer: *Pain management referral for pts in
chronic pain unrelieved*
, -Pain after abdominal sx is from trapped carbon dioxide, ambulate
pt as soon as possible
-Use FACES scale in pts with dementia
◉ PCA Pump: Answer: -Lockout interval of 5-15 minutes
-Pt cannot be cognitively impaired
-Only the pt can press the button
◉ If incision opens: Answer: -cover with wet sterile gauze
-Do not try to reinsert protruding organ
-Reassure pt
-Supine position with knees bent
◉ IV: Answer: -20G 1-1.5" needle is adequate for most therapies
-Huber needle should be placed at 90 degree angle to access port
(chemo pt)
◉ TPN: Answer: - Check each bag twice
-If TPN is unavailable, hang 10% dextrose/water or 20% D/W until
TPN is available
-If TPN not administered on time, do not increase the rate
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
◉ Cane: Answer: -Appropriate height (at wrist level when arm is at
side)
-Pt strong hand on cane
*MOVE CANE WITH WEAKER LEG*
◉ At risk for falls due to: Answer: incontenience
◉ Transferring pt to WC: Answer: -Place WC on strong side angled to
bed
-Strong hand to armrest, then pivot
◉ Safe pt handling: Answer: -Keep pt directly in front of you and as
close as possible to prevent back injuries
◉ Skin integrity: Answer: -dont wear restrictive clothing
-WC pt lift themselves off buttock for 10 seconds q1hr
◉ Pressure Ulcer stages: Answer: *Stage 2- skin is not intact; open
or fluid blister*
,◉ Wet-to-damp wound care: Answer: mechanically removes
necrotic tissue
does more damage than good bc it removes the good tissue as well
◉ Informed consent: Answer: -surgeon is responsible for having
consent signed
-Pt who can not sign can sign with an "X" but must be witnessed by
two people
-If the pt doesn't understand the surgery, the surgeon has to be
notified
-A blind pt can sign the consent, has to be witnessed by 2 people
-Nurses DO NOT clarify orders/procedure/risks, must call the MD to
explain to pt
◉ Pre-OP: Answer: -Report these to surgeon:
-increased PT/INR/aPTT/Creatinine
-Verify operative permit is signed
-Side rails up, bed down, call light within reach
,◉ Intra-OP: Answer: -Pts are lifted into position onto the OR table to
prevent shearing
-Gel pads are placed on the OR table to prevent pressure ulcers
-Warming blankets are used
-Cover the pts head and feet (decrease hypothermia)
*If saving is necessary, hair should be removed using disposable
sterile supplies immediately before the start of the procedure*
-Sterile scrubbing from fingertips to elbow for 3-5 minutes
◉ Post-OP: Answer: -in PACU, nurse immediately assess pt airway,
LOC
-RR <10 may indicate respiratory depression due to anesthesia
-Sanguineous to serosanguineous drainage is normal
-Crusting at incision line and swelling is normal
◉ Malignant hyperthermia: Answer: -life threatening
-you will see HIGH TEMPERATURE
-early sign is tachycardia, muscle rigidity
-Dantrolene is used to treat
◉ Pain Management: Answer: *Pain management referral for pts in
chronic pain unrelieved*
, -Pain after abdominal sx is from trapped carbon dioxide, ambulate
pt as soon as possible
-Use FACES scale in pts with dementia
◉ PCA Pump: Answer: -Lockout interval of 5-15 minutes
-Pt cannot be cognitively impaired
-Only the pt can press the button
◉ If incision opens: Answer: -cover with wet sterile gauze
-Do not try to reinsert protruding organ
-Reassure pt
-Supine position with knees bent
◉ IV: Answer: -20G 1-1.5" needle is adequate for most therapies
-Huber needle should be placed at 90 degree angle to access port
(chemo pt)
◉ TPN: Answer: - Check each bag twice
-If TPN is unavailable, hang 10% dextrose/water or 20% D/W until
TPN is available
-If TPN not administered on time, do not increase the rate
