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What is a Pnetrometer?
A tool for measuring the compressive strength of soil.
What is a Competent Person?
An individual with excavation knowledge and training who is in charge of an
excavation job, and who has the power to start work in the event of a hazard
When is shoring generally required?
When a trench is 5' or more in depth, or hazardous soil conditions exist.
Sloping
Editing back the sides of a trench
Sheeting
The process of placing tightly placed planks on the walls of a trench, when
conditions are poor.
,What is Shielding, and what are the two requirements that go alongside it?
A steel box that protects workers in a hole. Should extend a minimum of 18"
above the top of the hole, and should be no more than 2' from the bottom of
the excavation.
Shoring
A framework of wood, metal, or both.
What are the minimum depth requirements for mains?
2 1/2' for mains, and 1 1/2' for services. Deeper if necessary in cold climates.
What is a Story Pole?
A tool used for measuring depth in a trench.
What are the trench width requirements when installing a pipe?
1' to 2' greater than the pipe diameter.
What is the requirement of portable ladders when placed in a trench?
A portable ladder must extend 3' above the trench.
When should a portable ladder be placed in a trench/excavation?
When an excavation is 4' or more in depth.
, When it comes to trenches, what is the specific rule for the distance between
ladders and workers?
A worker must always be within 25' of a ladder while working inside a trench.
If a trench is 50' long, only one ladder is required, if it's placed in the center
of the trench.
While installing a run of pipe, which way is the bell end of the pipe facing?
The bell end of the pipe faces forward, in the direction that work is progressing.
What are the separation requirements when laying a water main around a sewer
line?
At least 10' of horizontal separation, with at least 1' of vertical separation (with
water mains always on top).
Water main
Any pipeline, except for user service line, within the water distribution system.
What are the requirements for Main tapping for Services?
45 degrees from top.
What is the minimum main size for a Residential area?
6"
What is the minimum main size for a Business area?
8"